The risk of occurrence of venous thromboembolism according to deciles of total cholesterol variability.

The risk of occurrence of venous thromboembolism according to deciles of total cholesterol variability.</p

Kaplan-Meier survival curves for occurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) according to TC variability.

(A) All types of VTE. (B) Deep vein thrombosis, (C) Pulmonary embolism, (D) Intraabdominal VTE, (E) Other VTE.</p

Baseline characteristics of subjects according to total cholesterol variability.

Baseline characteristics of subjects according to total cholesterol variability.</p

The risk of the occurrence of venous thromboembolism according to the quartile of total cholesterol variability in men.

The risk of the occurrence of venous thromboembolism according to the quartile of total cholesterol variability in men.</p

The risk of occurrence of intraabdominal venous thromboembolism according to quartiles of total cholesterol variability.

The risk of occurrence of intraabdominal venous thromboembolism according to quartiles of total cholesterol variability.</p

Information about data source.

BackgroundThe effects of total cholesterol (TC) on coagulation and hemostatic systems could contribute to the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We investigated this possible association using TC variability.MethodsFrom the Korean NHIS-HEALS database, 1,236,589 participants with health screenings between 2003 and 2008 were included. TC variability was assessed using various parameters, including the coefficient of variation (CV), standard deviation (SD), and variability independent of mean (VIM). Occurrence of VTE was established by identifying at least two medical claims with a diagnostic code including various types of VTE: deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (I80.2–80.3), pulmonary embolism (PE) (I26, I26.0, I26.9), intraabdominal VTE (I81, I82, I82.2–82.3), and other VTE (I82.8–82.9).ResultsThroughout the study’s median follow-up period of 12.4 years (interquartile range 12.2–12.6) years, TC levels were assessed a total of 5,702,800 times. VTE occurred in 11,769 (1.08%) patients (DVT (4,708 (0.43%)), PE (3,109 (0.29%)), intraabdominal VTE (5,215 (0.48%)), and other VTE (4,794, (0.44%)). As a result, there was gradual association was observed between higher TC variability and occurrence of VTE. Multivariable analysis showed that quartile of TC variability using CV showed a positive correlation with the occurrence of VTE (adjusted hazard ratio (the highest versus lowest quartile), 1.14, 95% confidence interval, 1.08–1.20, p ConclusionsIncreased TC variability may be associated with increased VTE risk. This analysis highlights the importance of maintaining stable TC levels to prevent the development of VTE.</div

Definition of covariates.

BackgroundThe effects of total cholesterol (TC) on coagulation and hemostatic systems could contribute to the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We investigated this possible association using TC variability.MethodsFrom the Korean NHIS-HEALS database, 1,236,589 participants with health screenings between 2003 and 2008 were included. TC variability was assessed using various parameters, including the coefficient of variation (CV), standard deviation (SD), and variability independent of mean (VIM). Occurrence of VTE was established by identifying at least two medical claims with a diagnostic code including various types of VTE: deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (I80.2–80.3), pulmonary embolism (PE) (I26, I26.0, I26.9), intraabdominal VTE (I81, I82, I82.2–82.3), and other VTE (I82.8–82.9).ResultsThroughout the study’s median follow-up period of 12.4 years (interquartile range 12.2–12.6) years, TC levels were assessed a total of 5,702,800 times. VTE occurred in 11,769 (1.08%) patients (DVT (4,708 (0.43%)), PE (3,109 (0.29%)), intraabdominal VTE (5,215 (0.48%)), and other VTE (4,794, (0.44%)). As a result, there was gradual association was observed between higher TC variability and occurrence of VTE. Multivariable analysis showed that quartile of TC variability using CV showed a positive correlation with the occurrence of VTE (adjusted hazard ratio (the highest versus lowest quartile), 1.14, 95% confidence interval, 1.08–1.20, p ConclusionsIncreased TC variability may be associated with increased VTE risk. This analysis highlights the importance of maintaining stable TC levels to prevent the development of VTE.</div

The risk of venous thromboembolism according to quartiles of total cholesterol variability additionally adjusting the use of lipid lowering agents and mean total cholesterol level.

The risk of venous thromboembolism according to quartiles of total cholesterol variability additionally adjusting the use of lipid lowering agents and mean total cholesterol level.</p

The risk of occurrence of venous thromboembolism according to deciles of total cholesterol variability (landmark analysis).

The risk of occurrence of venous thromboembolism according to deciles of total cholesterol variability (landmark analysis).</p

The risk for occurrence of venous thromboembolism according to quartiles of total cholesterol variability.

The risk for occurrence of venous thromboembolism according to quartiles of total cholesterol variability.</p