Supporting the migration between ‘event triggered’ and ‘time triggered’ software architectures: A small pattern collection intended for use by the developers of reliable embedded systems

Many complex embedded systems (in areas such as aerospace and defence, for example) have a long service life, typically measured in decades. During this life, planned product maintenance and upgrades will inevitably require software changes. Changes to available hardware platforms are also very common over the lifetime of such systems: this too will force some degree of software change. In addition, software for future versions of systems and new products will very rarely be created from scratch: instead, existing software will be adapted to match new requirements (such as a higher “Safety Integrity Level”). In this report, we introduce a small collection of patterns which is intended to support the migration of existing software designs to a “time triggered” architecture, in order to make the system behaviour more predictable and therefore support test and verification activities. The overall goal is to support improvements in system reliability (and – where appropriate – reduce certification effort). In the next section, we explain (briefly) the meaning of the phrase “design pattern”. We then summarise the features of the two software architectures (“event triggered” and “time triggered”) which lie at the heart of this pattern collection

Efficient Synthesis of α‑Allylbutenolides from Allyl Ynoates via Tandem Ligand-Enabled Au(I) Catalysis and the Claisen Rearrangement

A facile construction of α-allylbutenolides from readily available allyl ynoates has been developed via tandem gold-catalyzed alkyne isomerization to allene and cycloisomerization, the Claisen rearrangement and a double bond migration. The gold catalysis is enabled by a bifunctional phosphine ligand featuring a critical remote tertiary amino group, and the reaction tolerates a range of substituents and exhibits yields up to 96%

The effect of MEO against croton oil-induced ear edema in mice.

<p>Data are representative of ten experiments and as means ± SE. Indomethacin was used as a reference compound (300 µg per ear). Statistical differences from indomethacin-treated control as analyzed by Dunnett's test (** <i>P</i><0.01)</p

Antioxidant activities of MEO, (A) scavenging of DPPH radical, (B) scavenging of hydroxyl radical, (C) reducing power and (D) total antioxidant activity.

<p>Values were representative of three separated experiments.</p

The effect of MEO on NO and PGE2 production of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.

<p>(A) represents the inhibitory effect of NO production, (B) represents the inhibitory effect of MEO on PGE2 production; and (C) indicates the cytotoxic effect of MEO on RAW 264.7 cells. Results are mean ± SD (n = 3).</p

Cytotoxic activities of MEO against four human tumor cell lines.

<p>Cytotoxic activities of MEO against four human tumor cell lines.</p

Chemical composition of MEO.

a<p>Retention time (min).</p>b<p>Kovats index relative to <i>n</i>-alkanes (C₉–C₂₅) on HP-1 capillary column.</p><p>Chemical composition of MEO.</p

Additional file 5: of Identification of TaPPH-7A haplotypes and development of a molecular marker associated with important agronomic traits in common wheat

Table S3. The information of Population 1 and their genotypes of TaPPH-7A (DOCX 51 kb

Additional file 3: of Identification of TaPPH-7A haplotypes and development of a molecular marker associated with important agronomic traits in common wheat

Table S1. The information of 12 wheat varieties for qRT-PCR analysis (DOCX 14 kb

Additional file 6: of Identification of TaPPH-7A haplotypes and development of a molecular marker associated with important agronomic traits in common wheat

Table S4. The information of the wheat diversity panel and their genotypes of TaPPH-7A (DOCX 28 kb