津田修二:先天性臍帶ヘルニアに就て 正誤表(第11卷 第3號 綜説欄所載)

The primary 2-DE gel maps at least three biological replicates for control, dehydration treatments (18 h, 24 h and 48 h) and rehydration treatment (R24 h) in Longchun 23. (TIF 1707 kb

3D Printable Organohydrogel with Long-Lasting Moisture and Extreme-Temperature Tolerance for Flexible Electronics

Hydrogels with high electrical conductivity and mechanical stretchability are promising materials for flexible electronics. However, traditional hydrogels are applied in short-term usage at room temperature or low temperature due to their poor water-retention ability and freezing-tolerance property. Here, a dually cross-linked glycerol–organohydrogel (GL–organohydrogel) based on GL and acrylic acid was synthesized in a GL–water binary solvent. Fe3+ ions working as an electrolyte were added to improve the conductivity of the organohydrogel and form coordination interactions between Fe3+ ions and carboxyl groups of acrylic acid. The strong hydrogen bonding between GL and water molecules firmly lock water in the organohydrogel network, thereby endowing the GL–organohydrogel with the antifreezing property, long-term stability, and moisture lock-in capability. Our organohydrogel could endure extremely low temperature (−80 °C) over 30 days without freezing and retain its water content (almost 100% of its initial state) after being stored at room temperature (25 °C, 54% humidity) for 30 days. It also demonstrated desired stretchable properties, conductivity, three-dimensional (3D) printability, and self-healing ability. A wearable data glove was constructed by using the GL–organohydrogel and digital light processing technology. This work opens a new avenue for developing hydrogels with long-term stability, moisture lock-in capability, and extreme-temperature tolerance for stretchable electronics

3D Printable Organohydrogel with Long-Lasting Moisture and Extreme-Temperature Tolerance for Flexible Electronics

Hydrogels with high electrical conductivity and mechanical stretchability are promising materials for flexible electronics. However, traditional hydrogels are applied in short-term usage at room temperature or low temperature due to their poor water-retention ability and freezing-tolerance property. Here, a dually cross-linked glycerol–organohydrogel (GL–organohydrogel) based on GL and acrylic acid was synthesized in a GL–water binary solvent. Fe3+ ions working as an electrolyte were added to improve the conductivity of the organohydrogel and form coordination interactions between Fe3+ ions and carboxyl groups of acrylic acid. The strong hydrogen bonding between GL and water molecules firmly lock water in the organohydrogel network, thereby endowing the GL–organohydrogel with the antifreezing property, long-term stability, and moisture lock-in capability. Our organohydrogel could endure extremely low temperature (−80 °C) over 30 days without freezing and retain its water content (almost 100% of its initial state) after being stored at room temperature (25 °C, 54% humidity) for 30 days. It also demonstrated desired stretchable properties, conductivity, three-dimensional (3D) printability, and self-healing ability. A wearable data glove was constructed by using the GL–organohydrogel and digital light processing technology. This work opens a new avenue for developing hydrogels with long-term stability, moisture lock-in capability, and extreme-temperature tolerance for stretchable electronics

Data_Sheet_1_Mixed-Mode Bacterial Transmission via Eggshells in an Oviparous Reptile Without Parental Care.PDF

Symbiotic microorganisms play important roles in maintaining health and facilitating the adaptation of the host. We know little about the origin and transgenerational transmission of symbiotic bacteria, especially in egg-laying species without parental care. Here, we investigated the transmission of bacterial symbionts in the Chinese three-keeled pond turtle (Mauremys reevesii), a species with no post-oviposition parental care, by evaluating contributions from potential maternal and environmental sources to eggshell bacterial communities. Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, we established that the bacterial communities of eggshells were similar to those of the maternal cloaca, maternal skin, and nest soil, but distinct from those of surface soil around nest and pond water. Phylogenetic structure analysis and source-tracking models revealed the deterministic assembly process of eggshell microbiota and high contributions of the maternal cloaca, maternal skin, and nest soil microbiota to eggshell bacterial communities. Moreover, maternal cloaca showed divergent contribution to eggshell microbiota compared with two other main sources in phylogenesis and taxonomic composition. The results demonstrate a mixture of horizontal and vertical transmission of symbiotic bacteria across generations in an oviparous turtle without parental care and provide insight into the significance of the eggshell microbiome in embryo development.</p

DataSheet_1_Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Treatments Compared to Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Patients With Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.pdf

AimThis study aimed to identify the most effective treatment mode for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) by adopting a network meta-analysis (NMA).MethodsRandomized controlled trials about treatments were retrieved from PubMed, Medline and Embase. Odds ratios (OR) of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated by synthesizing direct and indirect evidence to rank the efficacy of nine treatments. Consistency was assessed by node-splitting method. Begg’s test was performed to evaluate publication bias. The surface under cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was also used in this NMA.ResultsA total of 24 eligible randomized controlled trials with 6,636 patients were included in our NMA. These trials compared a total of nine different regimens: radiotherapy (RT) alone, surgery, RT plus adjuvant chemotherapy (CT), concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), neoadjuvant CT plus CCRT, CCRT plus adjuvant CT, neoadjuvant CT, RT, CCRT plus surgery. Among those therapeutic modalities, we found that the two interventions with the highest SUCRA for OS and PFS were CCRT and CCRT plus adjuvant CT, respectively. ORs and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the two best strategies were CCRT versus CCRT plus adjuvant CT (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.53–1.31) for OS, CCRT plus adjuvant CT versus CCRT (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38–0.96) for PFS.ConclusionsThis NMA supported that CCRT and CCRT plus adjuvant CT are likely to be the most optimal treatments in terms of both OS and PFS for LACC. Future studies should focus on comparing CCRT and CCRT plus adjuvant CT in the treatment of LACC.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, CRD42019147920.</p

A COMBINATION OF THERMAL AND MECHANICAL ACTIONS ON THE FORMATION OF THE WHITE ETCHING LAYER

The formation mechanism of the white etching layer (WEL) on the rail steel material has been confirmed via two different routes; thermal-induced WEL by phase transformation and mechanical-induced WEL by severe plastic deformation. In this study, a combination of thermal and mechanical processes was performed to examine the synergistic interaction of two formation mechanisms of the WEL on rails. An experiment was conducted on the rail steel material using a Gleeble thermo-mechanical simulation system. The results confirmed that the martensitic WEL is formed by phase transformation from rapid quenching at a temperature below the critical point of material phase transformation when high hydrostatic pressure is applied

Formation of white etching layer on rails due to coupled thermal and mechanical actions

The formation mechanism of the white etching layer (WEL) on the rail steel material has been confirmed via two different routes; thermal-induced WEL by phase transformation and mechanical-induced WEL by severe plastic deformation. In this study, a combination of thermal and mechanical processes was performed to examine the synergistic interaction of two formation mechanisms of the WEL on rails. An experiment was conducted on the rail steel material using a Gleeble thermo-mechanical simulation system. The results confirmed that the martensitic WEL is formed by phase transformation from rapid quenching at a temperature below the critical point of material phase transformation, under 550 °C, when high hydrostatic pressure is applied. The application of combined thermal and mechanical action induced martensite with the presence of retained austenite. The microstructure of the transition zone between the WEL and the base material contains partial and full dissolution of cementite, broken pearlite lamella, and dislocation density, confirming that both thermal and mechanical processes are involved in the phase transformation of the material

Application in Anticounterfeiting for Multistimuli Smart Luminescent Materials Based on MOF-on-MOF

The generation of smart responsive materials that can perform multiple drastic optical outputs upon different triggers provides a good platform to encode and hide the information and create multilevel security. In this paper, a smart multiresponsive MOF-on-MOF material was reported using one MOF (HPU-14) as a platform to grow ZIF-8 on the outer layer, combining different emitter centers such as anthracene (ANT) and lanthanide ions (Ln3+) confined into two MOFs. Due to the existence of ANT in the pores of ZIF-8, this composite material can exhibit reversible photoswitching behavior under a 365 nm ultraviolet (UV) lamp and enable “resetting and reusing” dynamic anticounterfeiting application. Meanwhile, when treated by an acid/alkali gas, this material can also display reversible switching behavior under 254 nm UV irradiation, which is attributed to the loading of Ln3+ on HPU-14. We demonstrated that this excellent practical anticounterfeiting material can decipher the right information only by following a strict stimuli sequence. Therefore, this MOF-on-MOF material synthesis technology for sophisticated counterfeiters, which makes the protected information highly secure, could open a new way to design multilevel anticounterfeiting materials

Influence of heat treatment on the tensile properties of Ti–15Mo additively manufactured by laser metal deposition

A bidirectional powder deposition strategy was employed to additively manufacture Ti–15Mo wt% using laser metal deposition. The as-built alloy was subsequently subject to post-fabrication heat treatment. Microstructural characterisation was conducted in the heat-treated state and also after uniaxial tensile deformation. X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were employed in the heat-treated state. Electron backscatter diffraction was used in investigating the deformed microstructure. Columnar β grain refinement was achieved by fragmentation from a combined contribution from precipitated phases and deformation induced products. The three distinct microstructural zones, namely the fusion, remelted and heat affected zones, observed in each deposited layer of the as-built microstructure were retained after sub-β-solvus heat treatment but completely erased in the super-β-solvus microstructure. Accommodation of plastic deformation in β matrix was by a combination of slip and primary α′′ martensite which formed preferentially at grain boundaries. Elastic modulus decreased from 86.85 ± 0.45 GPa in the as-built alloy to 72.8 ± 0.65 GPa after heat treatment. Ultimate tensile strength of 1168± 1.12 MPa from the heat-treated sample represents only a marginal increase from that of the as-built sample of 1099± 2.3 MPa. This was accompanied by a small decrease in total elongation

Achieving material diversity in wire arc additive manufacturing: Leaping from alloys to composites via wire innovation

Multi-material components featuring high performance and design flexibility have attracted considerable attention, providing solutions to meet the performance demands of high-end equipment components. Achieving material diversity in additive manufacturing (AM) is a fundamental step towards manufacturing multi-material components. Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), an important branch of AM technology, boasts notable advantages in the efficient and customized preparation of large-scale parts due to its high deposition efficiency and unrestricted forming size. However, achieving material diversity in WAAM, constrained by its reliance on wire-form raw materials, has emerged as a compelling challenge. Wire innovation, including multiple, stranded, and cored wires, have furnished solutions to this challenge. To this end, this review provides an overview of the current developments in WAAM via wire innovation and suggests future research directions, aiming to serve as a reference for the further advancement of WAAM. Initially, the article introduces several WAAM printing forms, their manufacturing features, printable materials and inherent manufacturing limitations, and the intermixing of metal constituents of WAAM, prior to highlighting the advantages and necessity of achieving material diversity. Subsequently, the exposition of multi-wire-arc AM demonstrates its utility in the preparation of binary or ternary alloys, inclusive of intermetallic compounds and functionally graded materials, responding adeptly to the deficiencies of conventional WAAM, which is limited to single-material printing. The merits and progression of stranded-wire-arc AM for high-entropy alloy production are synthesized and debated, especially given that creating components with multiple metal elements via multi-wire-arc AM customarily confronts the constraint of necessitating more intricate manufacturing equipment and processes. Further, the review explores the recently developed cored-wire-arc AM technology, which actualizes the manufacturing of composite materials, amalgamating metals and non-metals, to remedy the issues encountered with standard WAAM, incapable of realizing non-metallic material printing. Considering machine tools as an important means to achieve material diversity in WAAM, we expand on the current machine tool architecture and its corresponding design tools. Finally, the current research status on WAAM via wire innovation is summarized and potential future research directions are proposed