Structure of Multi-Component Colloidal Lattices at Oil−Water Interfaces

We have successfully assembled two-component S-PS/AS-PS (sulfate-treated polystyrene/aldehyde sulfate-treated polystyrene) and three-component S-PS/AS-PS/C-PS (sulfate-treated polystyrene/aldehyde sulfate-treated polystyrene/carboxylate-treated polystyrene) colloidal lattices at poly(dimethylsiloxane)−water interfaces. The colloidal particles assemble into long-range-ordered structure and oscillate around their equilibrium positions. Different types of particles distribute randomly in the lattice with no obvious phase separation. In the two-component colloidal lattices, the S-PS particles form mostly sixfold lattice sites, whereas the AS-PS particles largely form fivefold defect sites. The calculated attractive capillary force is stronger for the AS-PS particles, which likely explains their tendency to aggregate compared to the S-PS particles. In addition, we have performed total force calculation and extrapolated the surface charge densities of the particles in the oil phase

Particle Self-Assembly in Ionic Liquid-in-Water Pickering Emulsions

We report the self-assembly of a single species or a binary mixture of microparticles in ionic liquid-in-water Pickering emulsions, with emphases on the interfacial self-assembled particle structure and the partitioning preference of free particles in the dispersed and continuous phases. The particles form monolayers at ionic liquid−water interfaces and are close-packed on fully covered emulsion droplets or aggregated on partially covered droplets. In contrast to those at oil−water interfaces, no long-range-ordered colloidal lattices are observed. Interestingly, other than equilibrating at the ionic liquid−water interfaces, the microparticles also exhibit a partitioning preference in the dispersed and continuous phases: the sulfate-treated polystyrene (S-PS) and aldehyde-sulfate-treated polystyrene (AS-PS) microparticles are extracted to the ionic liquid phase with a high extraction efficiency, whereas the amine-treated polystyrene (A-PS) microparticles remain in the water phase

Kinetic Analysis of a Naturally Occurring Bioremediation Enzyme: Dehaloperoxidase-Hemoglobin from <i>Amphitrite ornata</i>

The temperature dependence of the rate constant for substrate oxidation by the dehaloperoxidase-hemoglobin (DHP) of Amphitrite ornata has been measured from 278 to 308 K. The rate constant is observed to increase over this range by approximately a factor of 2 for each 10 °C temperature increment. An analysis of the initial rates using a phenomenological approach that expresses the peroxidase ping-pong mechanism in the form of the Michaelis−Menten equation leads to an interpretation of the effects in terms of the fundamental rate constants. The analysis of kinetic data considers a combination of diffusion rate constants for substrate and H2O2, elementary steps involving activation and heterolysis of the O−O bond of H2O2, and two electron transfers from the substrate to the iron. To complete the analysis from the perspective of turnover of substrate into product, density function theory (DFT) calculations were used to address the fate of phenoxy radical intermediates. The analysis suggests a dominant role for diffusion in the kinetics of DHP

Obtaining Optical Purity for Product Diols in Enzyme-Catalyzed Epoxide Hydrolysis: Contributions from Changes in both Enantio- and Regioselectivity

Enzyme variants of the plant epoxide hydrolase StEH1 displaying improved stereoselectivities in the catalyzed hydrolysis of (2,3-epoxypropyl)­benzene were generated by directed evolution. The evolution was driven by iterative saturation mutagenesis in combination with enzyme activity screenings where product chirality was the decisive selection criterion. Analysis of the underlying causes of the increased diol product ratios revealed two major contributing factors: increased enantioselectivity for the corresponding epoxide enantiomer(s) and, in some cases, a concomitant change in regioselectivity in the catalyzed epoxide ring-opening half-reaction. Thus, variant enzymes that catalyzed the hydrolysis of racemic (2,3-epoxypropyl)­benzene into the <i>R</i>-diol product in an enantioconvergent manner were isolated

Nanocrystalline High-Entropy Alloys: A New Paradigm in High-Temperature Strength and Stability

Metals with nanometer-scale grains or nanocrystalline metals exhibit high strengths at ambient conditions, yet their strengths substantially decrease with increasing temperature, rendering them unsuitable for usage at high temperatures. Here, we show that a nanocrystalline high-entropy alloy (HEA) retains an extraordinarily high yield strength over 5 GPa up to 600 °C, 1 order of magnitude higher than that of its coarse-grained form and 5 times higher than that of its single-crystalline equivalent. As a result, such nanostructured HEAs reveal strengthening figures of merit–normalized strength by the shear modulus above 1/50 and strength-to-density ratios above 0.4 MJ/kg, which are substantially higher than any previously reported values for nanocrystalline metals in the same homologous temperature range, as well as low strain-rate sensitivity of ∼0.005. Nanocrystalline HEAs with these properties represent a new class of nanomaterials for high-stress and high-temperature applications in aerospace, civilian infrastructure, and energy sectors

Additional file 3: of Associations of mood symptoms with NYHA functional classes in angina pectoris patients: a cross-sectional study

Table S3. Association between NYHA classes and clinical features using multivariate ordinal logistic regression model. (DOCX 17 kb

Forest plot: Impact of adjunctive rifampin therapy on mortality of SAB.

RR, risk ratio, CI, confidence interval.</p

Structural properties of ultrathin SrO film deposited on SrTiO₃

The role of epitaxial strain and chemical termination in selected interfaces of perovskite oxide heterostructures is under intensive investigation because of emerging novel electronic properties. SrTiO 3 (STO) is one of the most used substrates for these compounds, and along its 001> direction allows for two nonpolar chemical terminations: TiO2 and SrO. In this paper, we investigate the surface morphology and crystal structure of SrO epitaxial ultrathin films: from 1 to about 25 layers grown onto TiO 2-terminated STO substrates. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analysis reveal that SrO grows along its [111] direction with a 4% out-of-plane elongation. This large strain may underlay the mechanism of the formation of self-organized pattern of stripes that we observed in the initial growth. We found that the distance between the TiO 2 plane and the first deposited SrO layer is 0.27(3) nm, a value which is about 40% bigger than in the STO bulk. We demonstrate that a single SrO-deposited layer has a different morphology compared to an ideal atomically flat chemical termination.</p

Subgroup analyses: Impact of adjunctive rifampin on SAB mortality.

Subgroup analyses: Impact of adjunctive rifampin on SAB mortality.</p

Characteristics of included studies.

Characteristics of included studies.</p