Nuclear and Fluorescent Labeled PD-1-Liposome-DOX-⁶⁴Cu/IRDye800CW Allows Improved Breast Tumor Targeted Imaging and Therapy

The overexpression of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) in tumors as breast cancer makes it a possible target for cancer imaging and therapy. Advances in molecular imaging, including radionuclide imaging and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, enable the detection of tumors with high sensitivity. In this study, we aim to develop a novel PD-1 antibody targeted positron emission tomography (PET) and NIRF labeled liposome loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) and evaluate its application for <i>in vivo</i> cancer imaging and therapy. IRDye800CW and ⁶⁴Cu were conjugated to liposomes with PD-1 antibody labeling, and DOX was inside the liposomes to form theranostic nanoparticles. The 4T1 tumors were successfully visualized with PD-1-Liposome-DOX-⁶⁴Cu/IRDye800CW using NIRF/PET imaging. The bioluminescent imaging (BLI) results showed that tumor growth was significantly inhibited in the PD-1-Liposome-DOX-treated group than the IgG control. Our results highlight the potential of using dual-labeled theranostic PD-1 mAb-targeted Liposome-DOX-⁶⁴Cu/IRDye800CW for the management of breast tumor

Comparison of Image Quality and Radiation Dose for Three Scanning Protocol Groups.

<p>Note-Data are mean±SD. NS = Not significant, SNR = Signal-to-noise ratio, CNR = Contrast-to-noise ratio.</p

Univariate analysis for disease-free survival and overall survival.

<p>Univariate analysis for disease-free survival and overall survival.</p

Representative PDAC cases with different EGFR/CXCR4 expression profiles: EGFR-/CXCR4− (A), EGFR+/CXCR4− (B), EGFR-/CXCR4+ (C), and EGFR+/CXCR4+ (D). Magnification x 100.

<p>Representative PDAC cases with different EGFR/CXCR4 expression profiles: EGFR-/CXCR4− (A), EGFR+/CXCR4− (B), EGFR-/CXCR4+ (C), and EGFR+/CXCR4+ (D). Magnification x 100.</p

Representative PDAC cases with different EGFR/CXCR4 expression profiles: EGFR-/CXCR4− (A), EGFR+/CXCR4− (B), EGFR-/CXCR4+ (C), and EGFR+/CXCR4+ (D). Magnification x 100.

<p>Representative PDAC cases with different EGFR/CXCR4 expression profiles: EGFR-/CXCR4− (A), EGFR+/CXCR4− (B), EGFR-/CXCR4+ (C), and EGFR+/CXCR4+ (D). Magnification x 100.</p

Process of the patients’ enrollment.

<p>Process of the patients’ enrollment.</p

Summary of baseline patient characteristics (n = 131).

<p>Summary of baseline patient characteristics (n = 131).</p

Patient Characteristics for the Three Scanning Protocol Groups.

<p>NS = Not significant.</p

Additional file 1 of Simulation video: a tool to evaluate communications skills in radiologist residents

Supplementary Material

Combined heart, neck and head arteries scan using prospectively ECG- triggered high-pitch spiral scan protocol for a 45-year-old male patient.

<p>(a) VRT reconstruction of the whole arteries and MIP reconstructions of the coronary arteries of anterior descending(b) and carotid arteries (c), all with good opacification and definition, without artifacts. DLP was 242 mGy×cm (Scan time: 1.39s; Scan range: 538.5 cm; heart rate: 55 bpm; BMI: 25.4 kg/m²).</p