On the left invariant (α,β)(\alpha,\beta)-metrics on some Lie groups

We give the explicit formulas of the flag curvatures of left invariant Matsumoto and Kropina metrics of Berwald type. We can see these formulas are different from previous results given recently. Using these formulas, we prove that at any point of an arbitrary connected non-commutative nilpotent Lie group, the flag curvature of any left invariant Matsumoto and Kropina metrics of Berwald type admits zero, positive and negative values, this is a generalization of Wolf's theorem. Then we study $(\alpha,\beta)$-metrics of Berwald type and also Randers metrics of Douglas type on two interesting families of Lie groups considered by Milnor and Kaiser, containing Heisenberg Lie groups. On these spaces, we present some necessary and sufficient conditions for $(\alpha,\beta)$-metrics to be of Berwald type and also some necessary and sufficient conditions for Randers metrics to be of Douglas type. All left invariant non-Berwaldian Randers metrics of Douglas type are given and the flag curvatures are computed

On the Existence of Homogeneous Geodesics in Homogeneous Kropina Spaces

Recently, it is shown that each regular homogeneous Finsler space $M$ admits at least one homogeneous geodesic through any point $o\in M$. The purpose of this article is to study the existence of homogeneous geodesics on singular homogeneous $(\alpha,\beta)$-spaces, specially, homogeneous Kropina spaces. We show that any homogeneous Kropina space admits at least one homogeneous geodesic through any point. It is shown that, under some conditions, the same result is true for any $(\alpha,\beta)$-homogeneous space. Also, in the case of homogeneous Kropina space of Douglas type, a necessary and sufficient condition for a vector to be a geodesic vector is given. Finally, as an example, homogeneous geodesics of $3$-dimensional non-unimodular real Lie groups equipped with a left invariant Randers metric of Douglas type are investigated

The effect of high intensity interval training and Aloe Vera consumption on resistin and insulin resistance index in diabetic rat

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disorder in the metabolism of sugars, fats and proteins in the body, leading to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Resistin is an adipocytokine associated with diabetes. This study aimed at investigating the effect of high intensity interval training and Aloe Vera consumption on resistin and the insulin resistance index in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar streptozotocin-(STZ) diabetic rats were randomly divided into four groups including the control, training, supplementation and training + supplementation. The training program included 8 weeks, five sessions per week, and each session with 6-12 periods of two minutes activity at 90 maximum speed and one minute rest (10 m/min). The Aloe Vera gel (300 mg/kg) was given as gavage in the supplementation recipient groups, 5 days a week for 8 weeks. Results: The results showed that the insulin levels and insulin resistance index increased and resistin decreased significantly in the experimental groups (P<0.001). Fasting glucose increased in the training group, but decreased in the supplementation and training+ supplementation groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: It seems that combination of high intensity interval training and the use of Aloe Vera can have a positive effect on diabetes control by reducing resistin and glucose and increasing insulin levels

The effect of massage with sunflower oil on infants’ weight and height

Background and aims: Infants are very sensitive group of society, so special attention is needed to take care of their physical and mental health. Some studies showed that massage therapy by parents can improve life quality for infants. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of massage with sunflower oil on infants' growth. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 120 infants who were 10-15 days old, full-term, single, exclusively breastfed infants and with no history of hospitalization. The infants were assigned randomly into three groups of sunflower oil massage, only massage and control. Mothers administered 15 minutes of massage to their infants twice per day for 28 days. Data collection was recorded. Weight and height of infants were measured at baseline, and at the end of the first, second, third, and fourth weeks of the study. Data were analyzed using the repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The study showed that, the mean of weight and height in all groups had assembling trend in. All groups showed a significant assembling trend in weight and height (p>0.001). There was no significant difference in all groups at the end of second week (p>0.05). At the end of third and fourth week, sunflower oil massage group had significant difference with control group weight 4393.3± 714.8, 4114.9± 657.6 and height 52.96±1.14, 52.05± 1.15. The mean of weight and height had no significant difference in other groups. Conclusion: Infant massage with sunflower oil could be used as an easy, effective way to enhance infants’ growt

THE EFFECT OF ENDURANCE, RESISTANCE AND CONCURRENT TRAINING ON THE HEART STRUCTURE OF FEMALE STUDENTS

he aim of this study was to compare the effect of endurance, resistance and concurrent training on the heart structure. Thirty-nine untrained female students (mean age 24±2.58 yrs) were randomly divided into four groups: Control (C; n=9), Endurance (E; n=10), Strength (S; n=10) and Concurrent (SE; n=10).E group training consisted of running at 65% of maximum heart rate (MHR) for 16 min per training unit during the first week, reaching 80% of MHR for 30 min during the 8th week. S group training consisted of performing four leg presses, bench presses, pull down curls, and leg curls. During the first week, the training was performed at 50% of one repetition maximum (1RM) in 2 sets with 10 repetitions. The intensity of training increased to 80% 1RM in 3 sets and 6 repetitions during the 8th week. The SE training included the sum of the training performed by the E and S training groups. Left ventricular end diastolic and systolic diameters, post-wall thickness, left ventricular mass and mass index and septum wall thickness were measured by m-mode and 2-D echocardiography as the structural parameters. The end diastolic diameter in E and SE groups, the ventricular end systolic diameter, left ventricular mass and mass index of the SE group after the training increased (P≤0.05). In comparing the groups, only the increase of the end diastolic diameter in the SE group was significant (P≤0.05). The 8 weeks of concurrent training compared with endurance or resistance training alone resulted in a significant increase in left ventricular end diastolic diameter. However, no significant differences were found for any other measured variables

Comparison of two teaching methods on nursing students’ learning and retention: concept mapping or lecture?

Introduction: Nursing educators should use teaching methods that promote deep learning and retention. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of lecture and concept mapping approaches on the nursing students' learning and knowledge retention in cardiovascular nursing course. Methods: In a quasi-experimental study on two groups with pre test-post test design, 66 fifth-semester nursing students were selected through census method and randomly divided into two groups (experiment and control). After pre test, ..

Spiritual health and life satisfaction in older adults in Shahrekord hospitals, 2013

Background and aims: It is in high importance to pay attention to different aspects of health and well-being in the elderly age. So, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the association between spiritual health and life satisfaction in the elderly hospitalized in Shahrekord hospitals. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 308 elderly hospitalized in medical internal and surgical wards were enrolled into study by convenience sampling in 2013. The tools of gathering data were Spiritual Well-Being Scale and Life satisfaction Scale questionnaires. After collecting data, they were analyzed using SPSS software and independent t-test and one-way ANOVA tests. Results: Spiritual health in 51.3% of the elderly was low and the mean score for spiritual health was 86.16±18.61. Spiritual health was significantly associated with marital status, age, and number of children (P≤0.001). Life satisfaction was high (slightly satisfied, satisfied and very satisfied) in 63.9% of the elderly with mean score of 20.80±5.8 Life satisfaction was associated with demographic characteristics such as gender (P=0.002), social status (P=0.001), and number of children (P=0.001). There was a positive, significant association between spiritual health and life satisfaction (P≤0.001). Conclusion: Over half of the elderly reported their spiritual health in low level, but most of them had a high level of life satisfaction. Therefore, it seems necessary to conduct religious interventions to promote spiritual health in hospitalized elderly

Evaluation of dot immunogold filtration assay (DIGFA) by recombinant protein EPC1 for anti- echinococcus granulosus IGG antibody

Background: Cystic echinococcosis is an important zoonosis caused by the Echinococcus granulosus with a substantial impact in human and animal health in endemic areas. The purpose of the present study was serodiagnosis optimizing of dog echinococcosis in order to achieve a rapid diagnostic method. Methods: Eight dogs were challenged with protoscoleces in order to have positive echinococcosis serum and 2 two-month old puppies were used as uninfected controls. Colloidal gold was prepared by controlled reduction of a boiling solution of chloroauric acid (H [AuCl4]) with sodium citrate and labeled with recombinant EPC1. Dot immunogold filtration assay (DIGFA) was developed by coating rEPC1 labeled colloidal gold on nitrocellulose membrane. The canine sera, taken three times including, 15, 28 and 35 days post infection were tested. A total of 30 serum samples including 24 sera from 8 infected dogs and 6 sera from 2 puppies were comparatively detected with both DIGFA and ELISA. Results: Gold labeled antigen, showed a dark purple dot with agglutination particles in positive sera and light purple dot without agglutination in negative sera. Among 30 serum samples, 23 were positive and 7 were negative with DIGFA and 24 were positive, 6 were negative with ELISA. Conclusion: DIGFA as a rapid and simple procedure could be utilized in quickly diagnosis of echinococcosis

SITE SELECTION TO HAZARDOUS WASTE LANDFILL OF GILANEGHARB TOWNSHIP IN KERMANSHAH PROVINCE, WESTERN IRAN BY USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS

Each of them has different effects on site selection of hazardous waste landfill. Some factors cause limits to site selection such as; climatic, topographic, land use, edaphic, quakeable, regions under conservation of environment organization and so on. these factors may be cause unsustainable and move hazardous waste to surface and under ground water and also air pollution according to wind aspect, consequently different contaminations. This study was conducted in Gilanegharb town in Kermanshah province west of Iran in 2012 to find best area of landfill of hazardous wastes. Each of the factors valued and weighted based on experts opinions and then evaluated each of the preperated layers in RS and GIS softwares. In the first evaluation of 19 sites, 6 sites were investigated. The results show that asphalt factory site is the best region and then Shahrdary, Tan Kooshk sites are better to landfill of hazardous waste respectively. The reasons for selecting of this regions were far form surface and ground water resources and as a result avoiding to be defiled of ground water. On the other hand, there is no air pollution and malodorous of Ghilangharb town because of wind blow aspect in the region

A comparison of factors influencing special value in Samsung and Nokia Mobile based on customers’ approach

This study examined the factors influencing special value of the cell phone brands: Nokia and Samsung in the consumers' views; the universe includes all students of Islamic Azad University, Malayer who had Nokia or Samsung cellphone in 2013. Considering the universe number was not clear the Kokeran formula was used to define the sample size and the sample number became 267 ones with standard of error ten percent. The sampling was simple random. By the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test it became clear that the data distribution is not normal so Mann Whitney statistic method was used to test the hypotheses (To compare two independent universes). The findings indicated the views of the consumers using Nokia and Samsung brands were significant differently concerning 'Loyalty to the brand', 'Brand association', 'Awareness of the brand' and 'Perceived quality' (The mean of four mentioned dimensions of Nokiais more than the Samsung's)