Matriks Jordan Dan Aplikasinya Pada Sistem Linier Waktu Diskrit

Matrix is diagonalizable (similar with matrix diagonal) if and only if the sum of geometric multiplicities of its eigenvalues is n.If we search for an upper triangular form that is nearly diagonal as possible but is still attainable by similarity for every matrix, especially the sum of geometric multiplicities of its eigenvalues is less than n, the result is the Jordan canonical form, which is denoted by , and . In this paper, will be described how to get matrix S(in order to get matrix ) by using generalized eigenvector. In addition, it will also describe the Jordan canonical form and its properties, and some observation and application on discrete time linear system

Stratified analyses of Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of breast cancer with RBP4.

<p>Stratified analyses of Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of breast cancer with RBP4.</p

Origins of Opposite Syn−Anti Diastereoselectivities in Primary and Secondary Amino Acid-Catalyzed Intermolecular Aldol Reactions Involving Unmodified α-Hydroxyketones

The effects of different amino acid catalysts on the stereoselectivity of the direct intermolecular aldol reactions between α-hydroxyketones and isobutyraldehyde or 4-nitrobenzaldehyde have been studied with the aid of density functional theory methods. The transition states of the crucial C−C bond-forming step with the enamine intermediate addition to the aldehyde for the proline and threonine-catalyzed asymmetric aldol reactions are reported. B3LYP/6-31+G** calculations provide a good explanation for the opposite syn vs anti diastereoselectivity of these two kinds of amino acid catalysts (anti-selectivity for the secondary cyclic amino acids proline, syn-selectivity for the acyclic primary amino acids like threonine). Calculated and observed diastereomeric ratio and enantiomeric excess values are in good agreement

Elevated Serum Levels of Retinol-Binding Protein 4 Are Associated with Breast Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study

<div><p>Background</p><p>Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a recently identified adipokine that is elevated in patients with obesity or type 2 diabetes. A growing body of research has shown that RBP4 is associated with several types of cancer. However, no studies have investigated the relationship between serum RBP4 levels and breast cancer risk. We performed a case-control study to evaluate the association between serum RBP4 levels and the risk of breast cancer.</p><p>Methods</p><p>From August 2012 to December 2013, four-hundred subjects including 200 patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer and 200 matched healthy women were consecutively enrolled from Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College. Blood samples were collected from healthy controls and breast cancer patients before commencement of treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the serum RBP4 levels in separated serum samples. Meanwhile, the characteristics of breast cancer cases and controls were collected from medical records and pathological data.</p><p>Results</p><p>The serum levels of RBP4 were significantly higher in patients with breast cancer than that in the healthy control group (33.77±9.92 vs. 28.77±6.47μg/ml, P < 0.05). Compared to the subjects in the lowest quartile of serum RBP4 level, the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) is 2.16(1.01–4.61) and 2.07 (1.07–4.00) for women in the second and highest RBP4 tertile, respectively. For breast cancer patients, patients with PR or ER negative displayed significantly higher serum RBP4 levels than those with PR or ER positive.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Our results for the first time suggested serum RBP4 levels could be associated with the risk of breast cancer. However, further prospective studies are essential to confirm these observed results.</p></div

Characteristics of breast cancer cases and controls.

Characteristics of breast cancer cases and controls.</p

Correlation between Serum RBP4 and clinical characteristics in breast cancer patients.

<p>Correlation between Serum RBP4 and clinical characteristics in breast cancer patients.</p

Logistic Regression Analysis of Risk of Breast cancer for Serum Levels of RBP4.

<p>Logistic Regression Analysis of Risk of Breast cancer for Serum Levels of RBP4.</p

Partial correlation coefficient (β) for RBP4 and metabolism indexes.

<p>Partial correlation coefficient (β) for RBP4 and metabolism indexes.</p

The computational and experimental studies on a 1, 2, 3-triazole compound and its special binding to three kinds of blood proteins

A newly synthesized compound, ethyl 5-phenyl-2-(p-tolyl)-2H-1, 2, 3-triazole-4-carboxylate (EPPC) may be considered as a drug candidate and was exploited to study the structural and spectral properties by using quantum chemical calculation and multiple spectroscopic techniques. The results on theoretical spectrum of EPPC were consistent with experimental spectrum in great degree. In addition, EPPC has been as a special probe and investigated on the interactions with three kinds of blood proteins including human serum albumin (HSA), human immunoglobulin (HIgG) and bovine hemoglobin (BHb) by using UV–Vis, fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular modeling, respectively. Changes in various fluorescence and UV–Vis spectra were observed upon ligand binding along with a remarkable degree of fluorescence enhancement on complex formation under physiological condition with binding constant about 105 order of magnitudes, which caused the variations of conformation and microenvironment of these proteins in aqueous solution. The obtained results from the thermodynamic parameters calculated according to the van’t Hoff equation indicated that the entropy change ΔS° and enthalpy change ΔH° were found to be 0.168 KJ/mol K and 22.154 KJ/mol for EPPC-HSA system, 0.284 KJ/mol K and 54.408 KJ/mol for EPPC-HIgG system, and 0.228 KJ/mol K and 37.548 KJ/mol for EPPC-BHb system, respectively, which demonstrated that the primary binding pattern is determined by hydrophobic interaction. The results of docking and molecular dynamics simulation using three proteins crystal models revealed that EPPC could bind to three proteins well into hydrophobic cavity, which showed good consistence with the spectroscopic measurements. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma</p

The correlation analysis of the biomarkers were depended on Spearman rank correlation analysis (r = correlation coefficient, P value <i>of 0 <0</i>.<i>0001</i>).

<p>The correlation analysis of the biomarkers were depended on Spearman rank correlation analysis (r = correlation coefficient, P value <i>of 0 <0</i>.<i>0001</i>).</p