Data_Sheet_1_Trigeminal neuralgia caused by cavernoma: A case report with literature review.PDF

Cavernoma is the second most common cerebrovascular lesion. Cavernoma involving the cranial nerves is very rare. Only 15 cases of cavernoma presenting with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) have been previously reported. Here, we report a rare case of cavernoma manifesting with TN. A young female patient with a 15-day history of right-sided lancinating pain in the face, difficulty in opening the mouth, and hearing dysesthesia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a well-demarcated lesion in the cerebellopontine angle related closely to the root of the trigeminal nerve. The initial impression was that of a neurinoma. The lesion was surgically resected via the retrosigmoid approach, postoperative pathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of cavernoma, and the patient's pain and difficulty in opening the mouth resolved completely. We presented the 16th documented case of cavernoma with TN. Although cavernoma involving the trigeminal nerve is extremely rare, this diagnosis should be taken into consideration when a lesion in the cerebellopontine angle is detected on MRI, and the clinical manifestation is consistent with that of secondary TN. Specialized MRI sequences, such as susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), gradient echo T2, and constructive interference in steady-state (CISS)-weighted imaging, aid in establishing the diagnosis. Resection via craniotomy may be the primary management strategy for cavernoma causing TN. In addition, gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) and percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) may ameliorate the pain to some extent.</p

Nickel Cobalt Sulfide Double-Shelled Hollow Nanospheres as Superior Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Photovoltaics and Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution

Transition metal chalcogenides with hollow nanostructures have been considered as promising substitutes as precious metal electrocatalysts for energy conversion and storage. We synthesized NiCo₂S₄ double-shelled ball-in-ball hollow spheres (BHSs) via a simple solvothermal route and applied them in both dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) at the same time, which were clean and sustainable ways to convert energy. Benefiting from their remarkable structure features and advantageous chemical compositions, NiCo₂S₄ BHSs composed of tiny crystals possessed large surface area, well-defined interior voids, and high catalytic activity. The DSSC with NiCo₂S₄ BHSs under 100 mW cm^–2 irradiation possessed a power conversion efficiency of 9.49% (Pt, 8.30%). Besides, NiCo₂S₄ BHSs as a HER catalyst also possessed a small onset overpotential (27.9 mV) and a low overpotential (89.7 mV at 10 mA cm^–2) under alkaline conditions. Therefore, this work offers a sensible strategy to synthesize bifunctional electrocatalysts for DSSCs and HERs

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Glucose-Reduced Graphene Oxide with Excellent Biocompatibility and Photothermal Efficiency as well as Drug Loading

Change of nGO, nGO-0, nrGO and nrGO-0 in mean diameter (Figure S1A), Zeta potential (Figure S1B) and Pdi (Figure S1C) can be found in supplementary materials. (DOC 10464 kb

Single-Probe-Based Colorimetric and Photothermal Dual-Mode Identification of Multiple Bacteria

Effective identification of multiple pathogenic bacteria in unknown samples is important for disease prevention and control but remains a challenge yet. A single-mode array-based sensing approach is simple and sensitive, but it usually relies on the use of multiple cross-reactive receptors to construct sensor arrays, which is cumbersome and insufficiently accurate. Here, we developed a sensor array with colorimetric and photothermal dual mode of differentiating multiple pathogenic bacteria. The sensor array was based on boronic acid-functionalized Au–Fe3O4 nanoparticles (BA–GMNPs), which not only possess localized surface plasmon resonance properties, showing a burgundy color similar to that of AuNPs, but also exhibit mild superparamagnetism, allowing for the differentiation of bacteria before and after binding to the nanoparticles. Immobilization of BA–GMNPs on the bacterial cell surface by covalent bonding would diminish NaCl-induced assembly of BA–GMNPs. Different BA–GMNPs@bacterial complexes differed in their ability to resist assembly and produced different colorimetric and photothermal response signals. A unique molecular fingerprint of each bacterium was obtained by linear discriminant analysis of the response patterns, demonstrating an effective differentiation among the six species studied. Compared with single-mode sensing arrays based on multiple receptors, this method only requires the preparation of a single nanomaterial, which produces two signal outputs for the identification of multiple bacteria with better differentiation. It can distinguish not only multiple pathogenic bacteria but also Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and, more importantly, it can perform preliminary discrimination of unknown samples

CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockout Reveals the Involvement of CYP304F1 in β‑Cypermethrin and Chlorpyrifos Resistance in Spodoptera litura

Functions of insect CYP2 clan P450s in insecticide resistance are relatively less reported. In Spodoptera litura, a gene from the CYP2 clan (CYP304F1) was validated to be up-regulated significantly in a pyrethroid- and organophosphate-resistant population (QJ) than a susceptible population by RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR. Spatial–temporal expression indicated the high expression of CYP304F1 in the fourth, fifth, and sixth instar larvae and the metabolism-related tissue fat body and malpighian tubules. CYP304F1 was knocked out by CRISPR/Cas9, and a homozygous population (QJ-CYP304F1) with a G-base deletion at exon 2 was obtained after selection. Bioassay results showed that the LD50 values to β-cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos in the QJ-CYP304F1 population decreased significantly, and the resistance ratio was both 1.81-fold in the QJ population compared with that in the QJ-CYP304F1 population. The toxicity of fenvalerate, cyhalothrin, or phoxim showed no significant change. These results suggested that CYP304F1 is involved in β-cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos resistance in S. litura

ESMPE: A combined strategy for school tuberculosis prevention and control proposed by Dalian, China

<div><p>Background</p><p>Although China has paid more attention on the prevention and control of tuberculosis (TB) in schools, several unsolved questions in this field still threaten the progress of TB control. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a systematic and practical strategy for Chinese school TB prevention and control system. In this study, we aimed to assess the feasibility of a combined strategy named ESMPE (examination, screening, monitoring, prevention and education) that adhere to the basic principles of Chinese schools TB control strategy.</p><p>Methods</p><p>The ESMPE strategy included five sections, namely TB screening during physical examination for the school freshmen entrances, screening of close contacts, monitoring of high-risk schools, preventive treatment and TB education. The effectiveness of ESMPE strategy was evaluated from 2011 to 2016. The original data were provided by the Dalian Tuberculosis Hospital. Descriptive analysis and nonparametric tests were used for comparing statistical differences of results between different years.</p><p>Results</p><p>The detection rate of active pulmonary TB in school freshmen was decreased from 2011 to 2016 (<i>χ</i>^<i>2</i> = 41.941, <i>P</i> = 6.0551E-8). 97.22% (17,043/17,530) of close contacts experienced close contacts screening, and the secondary attack rate (SAR) of TB in schools fell by 146.35/10⁵ from 2011 to 2012, and finally reduced to 85.57/10⁵ in 2016. There was a significant correlation between SAR of student TB and the rate of screened close contacts (<i>r</i> = -0.924, <i>P</i> = 0.009). TB incidence of five monitored schools had a substantial decline after receiving monitoring, and this declining trend continued in 2016. Due to the TB education and advanced screening methods, the mean of diagnostic delay time in students with TB was shortened (15.71 days), while still fewer latent TB infection students received preventive treatment (30.38%).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>The ESMPE strategy has shown a favorable effect on TB prevention and control in Dalian schools. More systematic evidence is needed on the effect of this strategy in reducing the incidence of TB in schools from other settings prior to its further scaling-up in China.</p></div

Screening of close contacts and secondary attack rate (SAR) from 2011 to 2016.

<p>Screening of close contacts and secondary attack rate (SAR) from 2011 to 2016.</p

Analysis of preventive treatment to LTBI students from 2013 to 2016.

<p>Analysis of preventive treatment to LTBI students from 2013 to 2016.</p

Trend of TB incidence of five high-risk schools from 2011 to 2016.

<p>Trend of TB incidence of five high-risk schools from 2011 to 2016.</p