Gradient-Induced Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction

The Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) that arises in the magnetic systems with broken inversion symmetry plays an essential role in topological spintronics. Here, by means of atomistic spin calculations, we study an intriguing type of DMI (g-DMI) that emerges in the films with composition gradient. We show that both the strength and chirality of g-DMI can be controlled by the composition gradient even in the disordered system. The layer-resolved analysis of g-DMI unveils its additive nature inside the bulk layers and clarifies the linear thickness dependence of g-DMI observed in experiments. Furthermore, we demonstrate the g-DMI-induced chiral magnetic structures, such as spin spirals and skyrmions, and the g-DMI driven field-free spin–orbit torque (SOT) switching, both of which are crucial toward practical device application. These results elucidate the underlying mechanisms of g-DMI and open up a new way to engineer the topological magnetic textures

Intrinsic Atomic-Scale Antiferroelectric VOF₃ Nanowire with Ultrahigh-Energy Storage Properties

Antiferroelectrics with antiparallel dipoles are receiving tremendous attention for their technological importance and fundamental interest. However, intrinsic one-dimensional (1D) materials harboring antiferroelectric ordering have rarely been reported despite the promise of novel paradigms for miniaturized and high-density electronics. Herein, based on first- and second-principles calculations, we demonstrate the VOF3 atomic wire, exfoliated from an experimentally synthesized yet underexplored 1D van der Waals (vdW) bulk, as a new 1D antiferroelectric material. The energetic, thermal, and dynamic stabilities of the nanowire are confirmed theoretically. Moreover, the temperature-dependent phase transitions and double-hysteresis polarization-field loops are computed for the VOF3 nanowire by constructing the second-principles model. According to the hysteresis loops, high energy densities and efficiencies can be obtained simultaneously at room temperature in the VOF3 nanowire under moderate applied fields. Our identified 1D atomic wire not only expands the family of antiferroelectricity but also holds potential for novel high-power energy storage nanodevices

Primer sequences of five genes.

Primer sequences of five genes.</p

Immunofluorescence images.

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S100A8 expression under EAIs treatment_WB.

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RNA-seq-based detection of HAGs in SOECs before (T0) and after E2 treatment for different times (T1/T2/T3) and functional analysis.

(A) Cluster analysis of the top 100 HAGs between groups treated with E2 for different times and the control group (T1 vs. T0, T2 vs. T0, and T3 vs. T0; T1 = 1.5 h, T2 = 3.5 h, T3 = 5.5 h). (B) The number of HAGs between groups treated with E2 for different times and the control group. (C) Scatter plot of the top 20 GO terms associated with enriched HAGs (T1 vs. T0).</p

S100A8 expression under different EAIs concentration (q-PCR).

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Anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction and Topological Magnetism in Two-Dimensional Magnets Protected by <i>P</i>4̅<i>m</i>2 Crystal Symmetry

As a fundamental magnetic parameter, Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI), has gained a great deal of attention in the last two decades due to its critical role in formation of magnetic skyrmions. Recent discoveries of two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnets has also gained a great deal of attention due to appealing physical properties, such as gate tunability, flexibility, and miniaturization. Intensive studies have shown that isotropic DMI stabilizes ferromagnetic (FM) topological spin textures in 2D magnets or their corresponding heterostructures. However, the investigation of anisotropic DMI and antiferromagnetic (AFM) topological spin configurations remains elusive. Here, we propose and demonstrate a family of 2D magnets with P4m2 symmetry-protected anisotropic DMI. More interestingly, various topological spin configurations, including FM/AFM antiskyrmion and AFM vortex–antivortex pair, emerge in this family. These results give a general method to design anisotropic DMI and pave the way toward topological magnetism in 2D materials using crystal symmetry

S100A8 KD WB.

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S100A8 expression under E2 treament (5-8h) q-PCR.

(XLSX)</p