Additional file 1: Figure S1. of IL-17A is implicated in lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in aged rats via microglial activation

The specificity of IL-17A antibody to IL-17. The antibodies were incubated with blocking peptide (BL) 10, 20, and 40 μg/μl, respectively, before injection. TNF-α protein expression in the hippocampus was determined by ELISA. The data are presented as the mean ± s.e.m. (n = 3). **P < 0.01 versus control group, ## P < 0.01 versus LPS treatment group, &&P < 0.01 versus LPS treatment group, ^^P < 0.01 versus LPS + anti-IL-17A group. Figure S2. The full gels of western blots. (DOCX 910 kb

Additional file 1: of IL-17A contributes to perioperative neurocognitive disorders through blood-brain barrier disruption in aged mice

Training and learning data. Table A. Freezing time before shock during the training period. Table B. Freezing time after shock 1 during the training period. Table C. Freezing time after shock 2 during the training period. Table D. Freezing time in contextual fear test. (n = 12). (PDF 73 kb

Additional file 2: of IL-17A contributes to perioperative neurocognitive disorders through blood-brain barrier disruption in aged mice

Original full Western blotting images for Figs. 6 and 7. The cross-section was not included in this study. (PDF 4281 kb

Additional file 1 of Enhanced meningeal lymphatic drainage ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced brain injury in aged mice

Additional file 1: Table. The number of animals used for multiple study parameters. Figure S1. Open field was performed to analyze the locomotor activity at day 3 after LPS injection. Figure S2. Intracisternal injection of the AAV1-eGFP virus into the cisterna magna did not yield any observable effect on liver lymphatic lymphangiogenesis. Figure S3. Schematic diagram of lymph fluid from the head entering the blood circulation

Additional file 2: Figure S2. of Histamine upregulates the expression of histamine receptors and increases the neuroprotective effect of astrocytes

The effects of HR antagonists on expression levels of the histamine H1, H2, and H3 receptor subtypes. The astrocytes were exposed to the H1R antagonist cetirizine (10 μM), the H2R antagonist ranitidine (10 μM), and the H3R antagonist carcinine (10 μM) for 24 h. The expression levels of the histamine H1, H2, and H3 receptor subtypes were examined by quantitative RT-PCR. The data are presented as the mean ± s.e.m. of three independent experiments. (TIFF 365 kb

Additional file 3: Figure S3. of Histamine upregulates the expression of histamine receptors and increases the neuroprotective effect of astrocytes

The expression levels of the histamine H4 receptor subtype in primary microglia and astrocytes. The expression of H4 receptor subtype was detected via Western blotting using specific antibody. The blot is representative of three experiments. (TIFF 546 kb

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Histamine upregulates the expression of histamine receptors and increases the neuroprotective effect of astrocytes

The effects of histamine and HR antagonists on cell viability in primary astrocytes. (A) The astrocytes were exposed to different concentrations of histamine (0.001–1 μg/ml) for 24 h. (B) The astrocytes were exposed to the H1R antagonist cetirizine (10 μM), the H2R antagonist ranitidine (10 μM), and the H3R antagonist carcinine (10 μM) and/or histamine (0.1 μg/ml) for 24 h. Cell viability was determined using a colorimetric method. Each data point represents the mean ± s.e.m. of at least three separate experiments in which treatments were performed in quadruplicates. (TIFF 507 kb