Precipitation and Wind Speed Observation in the Blizzard by the Doppler Weather Radar at Syowa Station, Antarctica

The 14th Symposium on Polar Science/Ordinary sessions [OM] Polar meteorology and glaciology, Wed. 15 Nov. / Entrance Hall (1st floor), National Institute of Polar Researchconference objec

Non-pathological roles of microglial TREM2/DAP12: TREM2/DAP12 regulates the physiological functions of microglia from development to aging

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) forms a receptor complex with DNAX-activating protein of 12 kDa (DAP12) on the microglial plasma membrane. A wide variety of protein and non-protein ligands, including lipids and DNA, can bind to TREM2, inducing the activation of microglia via DAP12. Both Trem2 and Dap12 have been identified as causative genes for Nasu-Hakola disease, which causes presenile dementia in association with bone cysts. Furthermore, TREM2/DAP12 signaling represents an essential inducer of the activated microglial phenotype in neuronal diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, most previous studies examining TREM2/DAP12 have focused on their roles in microglia under pathological conditions. However, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated the involvement of TREM2/DAP12 signaling in the regulation of physiological functions in microglia. Accordingly, by examining the importance of TREM2/DAP12 in the regulation of microglial activity during development, homeostasis, and aging in the brain, this review elucidates the roles played by this complex in the healthy brain.journal articl

A potential diagnostic biomarker: Proteasome LMP2/b1i-differential expression in human uterus neoplasm

Uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS) develops more often in the muscle tissue layer of the uterine body than in the uterine cervix. The development of gynecologic tumors is often correlated with female hormone secretion; however, the development of uterine ULMS is not substantially correlated with hormonal conditions, and the risk factors are not yet known. Importantly, a diagnostic-biomarker which distinguishes malignant ULMS from benign tumor leiomyoma (LMA) is yet to be established. Accordingly, it is necessary to analyze risk factors associated with uterine ULMS, to establish a treatment method. Proteasome low-molecular mass polypeptide 2(LMP2)/b1i-deficient mice spontaneously develop uterine LMS, with a disease prevalence of ~40% by 14 months of age. We found LMP2/b1i expression to be absent in human LMS, but present in human LMA. Therefore, defective-LMP2/b1i expression may be one of the risk factors for ULMS. LMP2/b1i is a potential diagnostic-biomarker for uterine ULMS, and may be a targeted-molecule for a new therapeutic approach

Multi-Physics Simulation Platform and Multi-Layer Metal Technology for CMOS-MEMS Accelerometer with Gold Proof Mass

This chapter describes technical features and solutions to realize a highly sensitive CMOS-MEMS accelerometer with gold proof mass. The multi-physics simulation platform for designing the CMOS-MEMS device has been developed to understand simultaneously both mechanical and electrical behaviors of MEMS stacked on LSI. MEMS accelerometer fabrication process is established by the multi-layer metal technology, which consists of the gold electroplating and the photo-sensitive polyimide film. The proposed MEMS accelerometers are fabricated and evaluated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed techniques regarding sub-1G MEMS and arrayed MEMS devices. The experimental results show that the Brownian noise of the sub-1G MEMS accelerometer can achieve 780 nG/(Hz)1/2 and the arrayed MEMS accelerometer has a wide detection, ranging from 1.0 to 20 G. Moreover, using the developed simulation platform, we demonstrate the proposed capacitive CMOS-MEMS accelerometer implemented by the multi-layer metal technology. In conclusion, it is confirmed that the multi-physics simulation platform and the multi-layer metal technology for the CMOS-MEMS device have a potential to realize a nano-gravity sensing technology

Fine structure of a precipitation event associated with a synoptic-scale disturbance at Syowa Station, Antarctica

The 14th Symposium on Polar Science/Ordinary sessions [OM] Polar meteorology and glaciology, Wed. 15 Nov. / 2F Auditorium, National Institute of Polar Researchconference objec