Average impact of patents following hits.

<p>We define hits as patents with top 10% impact. Horizontal axis is number of patents including a hit and all subsequent patents by the same team that made the hit. The hit is not necessarily the team’s first patent. Vertical axis is average impact. Horizontal axis is cut so that number of samples is greater than approximately 100. Red, grayish red, blue, and grayish blue lines correspond to Japanese “no switch,” Japanese “switch to new team,” U.S.’s “no switch,” and U.S.’s “switch to new team.” Brackets show standard errors. Black horizontal line is impact = 1.</p

Overview of datasets.

<p>Datasets used are Japanese (JP) and United States patent data (US). Range of years in which patents were applied for is labeled “duration.” In addition, table lists numbers of patents, inventors, teams, and citations.</p

Average number of patents made by a team after it achieves a patent of a given impact.

<p>Horizontal axis is the impact of baseline patent. Vertical axis is average number of subsequent patents by same team. Brackets show standard errors. Horizontal axis is cut so that number of samples is greater than approximately 100.</p

Cumulative probability distribution of team size in the U.S. Horizontal axis shows team size.

<p>Vertical axis shows cumulative probability. Data is separated around middle of duration.</p

Average impact of repeat collaborations categorized by technological development.

<p>Horizontal axis is repetitions of team patents. Vertical axis is average impact. Brackets show standard errors. “Inexperienced with technology” (InEx) means patents using technologies that teams have no experience with. “Experienced with technology” (Ex) means the opposite. Horizontal axis is cut so that number of samples is greater than approximately 100. Black horizontal line is impact = 1.</p

Cumulative probability distribution of team size.

<p>Horizontal axis shows team size. Vertical axis shows cumulative probability. Lines are fitted to log-normal distributions.</p

Cumulative probability distribution of team size in Japan.

<p>Horizontal axis shows team size. Vertical axis shows cumulative probability. Data is separated around middle of duration.</p

Relationship between <i>ρ</i>r and repetition.

<p>Horizontal axis is number of patents including a hit and all subsequent patents by the same team that made the hit. Vertical axis is ratio (<i>ρ</i>r). Hits are patents with top 10% impact. Horizontal axis is cut so that number of samples is greater than approximately 100. Black horizontal line is <i>ρ</i>r = 1.</p

Average impact of repeat collaborations categorized by development of team members.

<p>Horizontal axis is repetitions by inventor pairs. Vertical axis is average impact. Brackets show standard errors. “Inexperienced team setup” (InEx) means some members other than target pairs enter or exit. “Experienced team setup” (Ex) means the opposite. Horizontal axis is cut so that number of samples is greater than approximately 100. Black horizontal line is impact = 1.</p

Cumulative probability distribution of impact.

<p>Horizontal axis shows impact. Vertical axis shows cumulative probability. Lines are fitted to log-normal distributions.</p