The Right to Vote, The Right to Health: Voter Suppression as a Determinant of Racial Health Disparities

Civic participation is beneficial to one’s health. Conversely, being unable to participate, such as being unable to vote, may be detrimental for health. Barriers that prevent voting and civic participation, which constitute voter suppression, disproportionately impact people of color. Therefore, voter suppression may explain intractable racial health disparities. However, few studies have examined the connection between voter suppression and health. In consideration of the frequent, and increasing, reports of voter suppression in recent elections, including the rise in voter identification laws, the reduction in early voting opportunities, and the closing of polling places, the field of public health should address voter suppression as a significant determinant of health inequities. This paper suggests a framework for how voter suppression may operate to negatively impact health and well-being, especially for people of color. Lastly, directions for future research are recommended to begin to disentangle the complex relationship between civic participation and health

Sports betting and advertising

Summary: Reviews the growth of sports betting and the accompanying proliferation of sports betting advertising, with particular focus on its integration into sporting events and broadcasts.It draws on lessons from the advertising of other potentially harmful products, and synthesises research into gambling advertising and the promotion of sports betting. Key messages Sports betting has grown substantially and is emerging as a significant contributor to problem gambling, especially among younger adult males. There is considerable community opposition to the prolific promotion of gambling through sport, especially related to potential negative impacts for children, adolescents, young men and problem gamblers. Research into the advertising of other harmful products suggests advertising increases uptake and consumption, especially in the adolescent starter market. Research into sports betting advertising suggests it can shape gambling attitudes, intentions and behaviours, and impacts most negatively on existing problem gamblers and sports bettors

Challenges in Responsible Provision of Gambling: Questions of Efficacy, Effectiveness and Efficiency

This paper aims to explain why responsible provision of gambling is an important corporate social issue facing many gambling providers by examining its status with reference to three characteristic features of such issues proposed in the corporate social responsibility literature--expectational gaps, impacts and controversy (Wartick and Mahon, 1994). The existence of expectational gaps, impacts and controversy relating to contemporary gambling operations thus clarifies why gambling providers are under pressure to manage their gambling operations in a more socially responsible manner. A second aim is to clarify why resolving this issue has been difficult. Drawing on a second explanatory framework from the corporate social responsibility literature (Waddock and Mahon, 1991 ), the paper identifies three areas hindering the resolution of this issue between gambling providers and key stakeholders-lack of agreement over the facts (efficacy), lack of agreement over goals (effectiveness) and lack of agreement over the means to achieve these goals (efficiency). By examining these existing barriers, it is hoped that some pathways to the issue\u27s resolution may be illuminated. Examples from Australia underpin the discussion

Improving Competitiveness Through Cooperation: Assessing The Benefits Of Cooperative Education Partnerships In Gaming Management

Cooperative education partnerships between industries and universities are becoming increasingly common in response to fundamental challenges facing both sectors. Theoretically, many benefits for both partners are espoused. This paper explores these benefits and then assesses whether and how these have occurred in a leading gaming management course in Australia. It was found that benefits for industry comprised enhanced industry professionalism and legitimacy; increased professional status; better public image; control of abstract knowledge and improved industry competitiveness. For the university, key benefits have included improved educational offerings; enhanced university reputation in the discipline and for cooperative education partnerships; additional student fees and economies of scale; and funds for discipline development and research and consultancy opportunities. However, precautions need to be taken in cooperative education partnerships if a university\u27s social contract is to remain intact in a climate of increased commercialization, and if it is to deliver expected benefits to industry

Treatment of refinery crude oil tank sludge : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Technology in Environmental Engineering at Massey University

Appendix A-5 held on floppy disk. Please consult print copy in Library.The treatment and disposal of oil refinery tank sludge is a critical issue among oil refineries. This is because of the hazardous nature of the sludge due to high levels of oil and heavy metals, which must be removed prior to disposal. This study was carried out to investigate the removal of crude oil and heavy metals to allow the design of an appropriate disposal treatment that could meet the environmental regulations for this type of waste. A typical emulsified crude oil tank sludge, produced from tank cleaning operations was characterised and was shown to contain approximately 41%, 16%, 25%, and 8% of solids (sand), oil, water and volatile materials, respectively. The sludge also contained high level of metals, of which more than 98% resided in the solids fraction. The heavy metals analysed were copper, nickel and zinc with average values of 3,955mg/kg, 443 mg/kg and 13,851 mg/kg of raw sludge, respectively. The crude oil fraction of the sludge was removed by solvent washing with kerosene which resulted in emulsion breakdown. A model which optimises the removal of crude oil was developed and validated against experimental data. The model predictions agreed well with experimental trials using kerosene as the solvent. A 2:1 solvent to sludge ratio is adequate to remove the oil (> 98%) in the sludge after two washing stages. This resulted in oil-free/metal-rich solids. Kerosene washing reduced the volume by 76% and mass by 59%, which allows easier handling and disposal. Heavy metals reduction was achieved by acid washing using 8N nitric acid and a 10:4 mixture of 2.4N hydrochloric and 8N nitric acids. Approximately 99% of the metals were removed using a 10:1 acid to solids ratio, at pH <1 and ambient conditions, making the sludge suitable for land application and meeting the appropriate disposal guidelines for oil and metal levels. The solvent washing process was shown to be industrially feasible for volume and mass reduction of the sludge. However, heavy metal reduction by acid washing requires further optimisation before it can be applied on an industrial scale

“Un-balanced” Economic Growth

Since the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor is not always one, and since technical progress is not always Harrod-neutral, it is desirable to have an endogenous growth model that admits all sizes of the elasticity and all known technology modes. We derive an equation to do just that, fully describing the per capita income growth rate at all times. It shows a typical economy needing hundreds if not thousands of years to reach its long term growth rate, leading to the conclusion that even the short run may be very long indeed.The elasticity of substitution, Non-Harrod-neutral technology, short-run growth

Flow Control Over a Tractor-Trailer Using Vortex Generators

No abstract available