Pemanfaatan Serbuk Kaca Sebagai Bahan Tambah Agregat Halus Untuk Meningkatkan Kuat Tekan Beton

Concrete is a building which is composed by an aggregate (sand rocks), cement and water (plus the other ingredients can be additive or admixture). Much research has been done on the concrete technology to meet the needs in infrastructure development started from the street, buildings, bridges, etc. The more concrete and more widespread use of the increasing scale of development also shows the more concrete needs in the foreseeable future, thus affecting the development of concrete technology which will demand new innovations regarding the concrete itself The times in the era of globalization, this resulted in a rapid increase of the number of goods waste residu which existence can be a problem for life, one of which is the presence of household glass waste. In this regard the efforts made are the utilization of powder glass as fine aggregate additive to enhance strong press concrete. Glass powder is used as a supplement for is smooth, with the addition of different variations, it is hoped to provide strong value press the concrete which is more varied and can be determined the optimum levels of glass powder. As for the variation of the addition of powder glass used is 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 %, with tests on a 3-day, 7-day, 14-day and 28 days. The result shows that glass powder can increase the strength of the concrete of compressive strength of concrete press 12 % normal, whereas for the optimum proportion is 25%

Batu Kapur Baturaja Sebagai Filler Pada Lapis Asphalt Concrete-binder Course (Ac-bc) Campuran Panas

Daerah Baturaja merupakan kawasan penghasil batu kapur yang ada di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Dengan tersedianya batu kapur yang berlimpah, peneliti mencoba menggunakannya sebagai bahan pengisi (filler) alternatif dalam campuran aspal beton. Tujuan dari pemanfaatan filler batu kapur Baturaja ini untuk meningkatkan kemampuan suatu perkerasan aspal dalam mendukung beban lalu-lintas yang dapat diindikasikan dari properties campuran yang dihasilkan.Penelitian ini menggunakan aspal AC Pen 60/70 produk Pertamina dengan nilai kadar sesuai spesifikasi Bina Marga yaitu 4,5%, 5%, 5,5%, 6% dan 6,5% dan dengan variasi kadar filler 1%, 2% dan 3%, untuk memperoleh komposisi campuran Laston Binder Course (AC – BC) yang paling baik. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini dalam pengujian campuran dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Maeshall Test. Hasil pengujian Marshall di laboratorium disimpulkan bahwa; pada kadar aspal optimum (KAO) filler batu kapur 3% didapat nilai yang paling bagus yaitu sebesar 5,75 % dengan nilai Stabilitas sebesar 2020 kg, Marshall Quotient (MQ) sebesar 570 kg/mm, Rongga Dalam Agregat (VMA) sebesar 17 %, Rongga Dalam Campuran (VIM) sebesar 3,9 %, Kelelehan (Flow) sebesar 3,63 mm, Rongga Terisi Aspal (VFA) sebesar 77 % dan nilai kepadatan sebesar 2,362 gr/cc. Filler tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif campuran AC-BC pada perkerasan Laston

Insights into 28-homobrassinolide (HBR)-mediated redox homeostasis, AsA–GSH cycle, and methylglyoxal detoxification in soybean under drought-induced oxidative stress

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are well recognized for their defensive role in plants under abiotic stress conditions, but 28-homobrassinolide (HBR)-induced tolerance to drought stress has not been reported in soybean (Glycine max L.). The present study investigated the effect of HBR on soybean seedlings under drought stress. Drought stress suppressed growth and photosynthetic systems while increased the proline, glycine betaine (GB), anthocyanin, total phenolic (TP), and total flavonoid (TF) levels in soybean seedlings. HBR restricted reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and decreased the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content by triggering the antioxidant systems. HBR acts as a shield in soybean, protecting the plant against the harmful effects of methylglyoxal (MG) effects by upregulating the enzymes glyoxalase I, (Gly I;15%) and glyoxalase II (Gly II;29.1%) compared to the levels in drought stressed seedlings. Overall, HBR improved drought tolerance in soybean seedlings by modulating osmolytes, the AsA–GSH cycle, and enzyme activities

A comprehensive health effects assessment of the use of sanitizers and disinfectants during COVID-19 pandemic: a global survey

COVID-19 has affected all aspects of human life so far. From the outset of the pandemic, preventing the spread of COVID-19 through the observance of health protocols, especially the use of sanitizers and disinfectants was given more attention. Despite the effectiveness of disinfection chemicals in controlling and preventing COVID-19, there are critical concerns about their adverse effects on human health. This study aims to assess the health effects of sanitizers and disinfectants on a global scale. A total of 91,056 participants from 154 countries participated in this cross-sectional study. Information on the use of sanitizers and disinfectants and health was collected using an electronic questionnaire, which was translated into 26 languages via web-based platforms. The findings of this study suggest that detergents, alcohol-based substances, and chlorinated compounds emerged as the most prevalent chemical agents compared to other sanitizers and disinfectants examined. Most frequently reported health issues include skin effects and respiratory effects. The Chi-square test showed a significant association between chlorinated compounds (sodium hypochlorite and per-chlorine) with all possible health effects under investigation (p-value <0.001). Examination of risk factors based on multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that alcohols and alcohols-based materials were associated with skin effects (OR, 1.98; 95%CI, 1.87-2.09), per-chlorine was associated with eye effects (OR, 1.83; 95%CI, 1.74-1.93), and highly likely with itching and throat irritation (OR, 2.00; 95%CI, 1.90-2.11). Furthermore, formaldehyde was associated with a higher prevalence of neurological effects (OR, 2.17; 95%CI, 1.92-2.44). Furthermore, formaldehyde was associated with a higher prevalence of neurological effects (OR, 2.17; 95%CI, 1.92-2.44). The use of sodium hypochlorite and per-chlorine also had a high chance of having respiratory effects. The findings of the current study suggest that health authorities need to implement more awareness programs about the side effects of using sanitizers and disinfectants during viral epidemics especially when they are used or overused