Development of lower limb rehabilitation evaluation system based on virtual reality technology

Nowadays, with the development of the proportion of the elderly population in the world, several problems caused by the population aging gradually into people's horizons. One of the biggest problems plagued the vast majority of the elderly is hemiplegia, which leads to the vigorous development of the physical therapists. However, these traditional methods of physical therapy mainly rely on the skill of the physical therapists. In order to make up the defects of traditional methods, many research groups have developed different kinds of robots for lower limb rehabilitation training but most of them can only realize passive training which cannot adopt rehabilitation training based on the patients' individual condition effectively and they do not have a rehabilitation evaluation system to assess the real time training condition of the hemiplegic patients effectively. In order to solve the problems above, this paper proposed a lower limb rehabilitation evaluation system which is based on the virtual reality technology. This system has an easy observation of the human-computer interaction interface and the doctor is able to adjust the rehabilitation training direct at different patients in different rehabilitation stage based on this lower limb rehabilitation evaluation system. Compared with current techniques, this novel lower limb rehabilitation evaluation system is expected to have significant impacts in medical rehabilitation robot field

Transdermal Drug Delivery System: Current Status and Clinical Application of Microneedles

As a new type of transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS), microneedles have garnered significant attention for their noninvasiveness, portability, controllable drug administration, and wide-ranging loading capacity. While initially designed for transdermal administration via the stratum corneum for minimizing adverse reactions associated with systemic administration and enhancing patient compliance, microneedles have recently found applications in a multitude of medical contexts. Hence, their potential in medical applications transcends mere drug delivery. Recent reviews on microneedles have extensively covered various aspects, including needle types, materials, and manufacturing methods, as well as their applications in treating skin diseases. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the diverse designs and applications of microneedles from different new perspectives, which encompass traditional integrated microneedles as well as more intelligent and structurally optimized ones in nowadays. Additionally, this review offers a comprehensive analysis of the material properties utilized in microneedles for different applications, including nondegradable materials and degradable materials. Furthermore, the review presents the wide-ranging applications of these microneedles in different medical scenarios such as regeneration and repair, disease treatment, monitoring, and prevention. Moreover, the discussion of the article highlights the future clinical applications of microneedles and the necessary efforts required to achieve their widespread adoption. This review serves as a valuable reference for bridging the gap between the laboratory setting and the clinical practice in terms of using microneedles in medical scenarios