The effect of different carbon sources on biofouling in membrane fouling simulators: microbial community and implications

Biofouling is a problem affecting the operation of nanofiltration systems due to the complexity of the carbon matrix affecting bacteria and biofilm growth. This study used membrane fouling simulators to investigate the effects of five different carbon sources on the biofouling of nanofiltration membranes. For all the carbon sources analyzed, the increase in pressure drop was most accelerated for acetate. The use of acetate as the single carbon source produced less adenosine triphosphate but more extracellular polymers than glucose. The microbial community was analyzed using 16 s rRNA. The use of more than a single carbon source produced an increase in bacteria diversity even at similar concentrations. The relative abundance of proteobacteria was the highest at the phylum level (95%) when a single carbon source was added. Additionally, it was found that the use of different carbon sources produced a shift in the microbial community, affecting the biofouling and pressure drop on membranes.</p

MOESM7 of Genomic identification and characterization of MYC family genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Additional file 7: Table S4. Segmental duplication of TaMYC gene

MOESM5 of Genomic identification and characterization of MYC family genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Additional file 5: Table S2. Numbers of cis-regulatory elements in the upstream promoter regions of TaMYC gene

MOESM1 of Genomic identification and characterization of MYC family genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Chromosomal localizations and syntenic relationships among TaMYC genes in Triticum aestivum, T. urartu and Ae. Tauschii. Lines in grey indicate tandem duplication. Lines in blue, green and orange indicate segmental duplicatio

MOESM2 of Genomic identification and characterization of MYC family genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Additional file 2: Figure. S2. Consensus sequence and logos of motifs from wheat MYC protein

MOESM4 of Genomic identification and characterization of MYC family genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Additional file 4: Table S1. The primers used in this stud

MOESM3 of Genomic identification and characterization of MYC family genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Additional file 3: File S1. Promoter sequences of MYC gene copie

MOESM6 of Genomic identification and characterization of MYC family genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Additional file 6: Table S3. miRNA targeting prediction of TaMYC gene famil

Uncovering ceRNA integrated networks that associate with fertility in a photoperiod and temperature sensitive male sterile wheat line

The pollen fertility of photoperiod/temperature sensitive genic male sterile (P/TGMS) wheat is controlled by light and/or temperature. Circular RNA (circRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are known to participate in the development of anthers in plants, but their impact on male sterility in the P/TGMS line is not well understood. In this study, we carried out high-throughput sequencing to investigate the differential expression of lncRNAs and circRNAs and their biological functions in anthers of photo-thermosensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) wheat line BS366-42L during the transition phase of male fertility under four different photoperiod and temperature treatments. Eight lncRNAs, 40 mRNAs and three circRNAs were screened out and thought as essential candidates that closely related to male sterility. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to predict the potential functions of differentially expressed RNAs. The results indicated that carbohydrate-related metabolism was important for male sterility in the wheat PTGMS line BS366-42L. lncRNA/circRNA-mRNA-miRNA (ceRNA) integrate networks were constructed to reflect their complex inner association with male sterility. Our study provides a systematic perspective on the potential function of RNAs in male fertility in PTGMS lines of wheat.</p