sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848211062406 – Supplemental material for Health-related quality of life in patients with long-standing ulcerative colitis in remission

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848211062406 for Health-related quality of life in patients with long-standing ulcerative colitis in remission by Georgios Mavroudis, Magnus Simrén, Lena Öhman and Hans Strid in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology</p

sj-docx-2-tag-10.1177_17562848211062406 – Supplemental material for Health-related quality of life in patients with long-standing ulcerative colitis in remission

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-tag-10.1177_17562848211062406 for Health-related quality of life in patients with long-standing ulcerative colitis in remission by Georgios Mavroudis, Magnus Simrén, Lena Öhman and Hans Strid in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology</p

Supplementary_Material – Supplemental material for Symptoms compatible with functional bowel disorders are common in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis and influence the quality of life but not the course of the disease

Supplemental material, Supplementary_Material for Symptoms compatible with functional bowel disorders are common in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis and influence the quality of life but not the course of the disease by Georgios Mavroudis, Magnus Simren, Börje Jonefjäll, Lena Öhman and Hans Strid in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology</p

Faecal secretogranin and chromogranin levels persist over time and are unrelated to disease history and outcome in patients with ulcerative colitis

<p><b>Objectives</b>: Chromogranins (Cg) and secretogranins (Sg) are expressed by endocrine cells and may be important for the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis (UC). We investigated dynamics of faecal granin expression in patients with UC during a period of 18 months, both during remission and relapse, and association to disease outcome the following 3 years.</p> <p><b>Materials and methods</b>: Secretoneurin (SN), Sg3, CgA and CgB were measured in three to seven serial faecal samples from UC patients who did not (n = 20) or did (n = 20) relapse during study time. All patients were in remission at baseline and disease characteristic were monitored during sampling and 3 years after the final sample.</p> <p><b>Results</b>: Faecal SN, Sg3, CgA and CgB levels showed no association to patient characteristic or disease history at baseline. Faecal granin levels showed low intra-patient variability and levels stayed constant during short and long intervals at remission, did not alter during or after clinical relapse and were not associated to medical therapy. In contrast, high inter-patient variability was detected and multivariate analysis revealed three distinct patient groups, where extensive disease was more common in patients with high levels of SN and CgA as compared to patients with low levels of all granins or patients with high levels of Sg3 and CgB. These patient subgroups did, however, not differ in patient characteristics, disease history or future disease course.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b>: Faecal granin levels are stable over time but are unrelated to disease history, activity and outcome and are thus not valuable markers for disease activity in UC patients.</p

MOESM3 of A distinct gut microbiota composition in patients with ankylosing spondylitis is associated with increased levels of fecal calprotectin

Additional file 3: Figure S2. Boxplot showing the distribution of the Dysbiosis Index among non-users, on-demand users and daily users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

MOESM2 of A distinct gut microbiota composition in patients with ankylosing spondylitis is associated with increased levels of fecal calprotectin

Additional file 2: Figure S1. Scatterplots of Probe Signal Intensity (PSI) of fecal bacteria (Y-axis) and fecal calprotectin (mg/kg) (X-axis) in AS patients. Patients on NSAIDs are represented by circles, patients not on NSAIDs represented by squares

MOESM1 of A distinct gut microbiota composition in patients with ankylosing spondylitis is associated with increased levels of fecal calprotectin

Additional file 1: Table S1. Comparison of the bacterial composition in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS, n = 150) and healthy controls (HC, n = 17). Table S2. Comparison of the bacterial composition in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with normal (≤ 50 mg/kg) versus increased (≥200 mg/kg) fecal calprotectin. Table S3. Correlations (Spearman’s Rho) between Probe Signal Intensity (PSI) of fecal bacteria and fecal calprotectin and parameters reflecting disease activity and function in 150 patients with ankylosing spondylitis. All correlations with a p-value ≤0.05 are shown. A Bonferroni corrected p-value of < 0.0009 was considered statistically significant (marked with *). Table S4. Comparison of the fecal microbiota composition in groups of ankylosing spondylitis patients with dichotomized levels (below vs. above median value and first vs. fourth quartile) of indices of disease activity, back mobility and function. Comparisons were also made between users vs. non-users of medication and smokers vs. non-smokers. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was used to define fecal microbial differences between the groups. The quality of OPLS-DA was based on the parameters R2, i.e., the goodness of fit of the model (values of ≥0.5 define good discrimination, best possible fit, R2 = 1), and Q2, i.e., the goodness of prediction of the model (values of ≥0.5 define high predictive ability)

MOESM4 of A distinct gut microbiota composition in patients with ankylosing spondylitis is associated with increased levels of fecal calprotectin

Additional file 4: Figure S3. Boxplot showing the distribution of the Dysbiosis Index among non-users and users of tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi)

Spontaneous Colitis in Muc2-Deficient Mice Reflects Clinical and Cellular Features of Active Ulcerative Colitis

<div><p>Background</p><p>The colonic mucus layer plays a critical role in intestinal homeostasis by limiting contact between luminal bacteria and the mucosal immune system. A defective mucus barrier in animal models allows bacterial contact with the intestinal epithelium and results in spontaneous colitis. A defective mucus barrier is also a key feature of active ulcerative colitis (UC). Alterations in the immune compartment due to intestinal bacterial breach in mice lacking the colon mucus barrier have not been characterized and correlated to active UC.</p><p>Aims</p><p>To characterize alterations in the immune compartment due to intestinal bacterial breach in Muc2^−/− mice, which lack the colon mucus barrier, and correlate the findings to active UC.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Bacterial contact with colon epithelium and penetration into colon tissue was examined in Muc2^−/− mice and colon biopsies from patients with active UC using fluorescence microscopy and qPCR. Neutrophils, lymphocytes, CD103⁺ dendritic cell subsets and macrophages in colon from Muc2^−/− mice and biopsies from UC patients were quantitated by flow cytometry.</p><p>Results</p><p>Inflamed UC patients and Muc2^−/− mice had bacteria in contact with the colon epithelium. Bacterial rRNA was present in colonic mucosa in humans and Muc2^−/− mice and in the draining lymph nodes of mice. Inflamed Muc2^−/− mice and UC patients had elevated colon neutrophils, T cells and macrophages while a reduced frequency of CD103⁺ DCs was present in the inflamed colon of both mice and humans.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>The parallel features of the colon immune cell compartment in Muc2^−/− mice and UC patients supports the usefulness of this model to understand the early phase of spontaneous colitis and will provide insight into novel strategies to treat UC.</p></div

Patient demographics.

<p>*NA; not applicable.</p