45 research outputs found
Nonredox Metal-Ions-Enhanced Dioxygen Activation by Oxidovanadium(IV) Complexes toward Hydrogen Atom Abstraction
Dioxygen activation toward efficient
catalysis at ambient temperature is still a big challenge for industrial
oxidations, while it proceeds smoothly in nature. This work presents
an example of that adding nonredox metal ions as Lewis acid can enhance
dioxygen activation by oxidovanadium(IV) complex, [V<sup>IV</sup>(O)Cl(TPA)]PF<sub>6</sub> (where TPA is tris-[(2-pyridy)methyl]amine), which leads
to efficient hydrogen abstraction at ambient temperature, whereas,
in the absence of a Lewis acid, the catalytic hydrogen abstraction
of the oxidovanadium(IV) complex is very sluggish. Ultraviolet-visible
light (UV-vis), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), mass, and nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR) studies have provided informative clues to
indicate the interaction between the Lewis acid and vanadium complexes,
including assisting the dissociation of the chloride from the oxidovanadium(IV)
complex, interacting with the vanadium oxido group, and stabilizing
the vanadium(V) superoxo species. These interactions enhanced the
dioxgyen activation efficiency of oxidovanadium(IV) complex, and improved
the hydrogen abstraction ability of vanadium(V) oxido species, which
leads to efficient hydrogen abstraction in a catalytic process. A
brief mechanism has also been proposed for dioxygen activation toward
hydrogen abstraction by an oxidovanadium(IV) complex
Degradation of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> biofilms using a chimeric lysin
<div><p>Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) is responsible for a large number of chronic infections due to its ability to form robust biofilms. Herein, the authors evaluated the anti-biofilm activity of a <i>Staphylococcus</i> specific chimeric lysin ClyH on MRSA biofilms. ClyH is known to be active against planktonic MRSA cells <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. The minimum concentrations for biofilm eradication (MCBE) of ClyH were 6.2–50 mg l<sup>−1</sup>, much lower than those of antibiotics. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis revealed that ClyH eliminated MRSA biofilms through cell lytic activity in a time-dependent manner. Viable plate counts and kinetic analysis demonstrated that biofilms of different ages displayed varying susceptibility to ClyH. Together with previously demonstrated <i>in vivo</i> efficacy of ClyH against MRSA, the degradation efficacy against biofilms of different ages indicates that ClyH could be used to remove MRSA biofilms <i>in vivo</i>.</p></div
Enhanced Hydrogen Production from Sawdust Decomposition Using Hybrid-Functional Ni-CaO-Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> Materials
A hybrid-functional
material consisting of Ni as catalyst, CaO
as CO<sub>2</sub> sorbent, and Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> as polymorphic
“active” spacer was synthesized by freeze-drying a mixed
solution containing Ni, Ca and Si precursors, respectively, to be
deployed during sawdust decomposition that generated gases mainly
containing H<sub>2</sub>, CO, CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub>. The
catalytic activity showed a positive correlation to the Ni loading,
but at the expense of lower porosity and surface area with Ni loading
beyond 20 wt %, indicating an optimal Ni loading of 20 wt % for Ni-CaO-Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> hybrid-functional materials, which enables
∼626 mL H<sub>2</sub> (room temperature, 1 atm) produced from
each gram of sawdust, with H<sub>2</sub> purity in the product gas
up to 68 vol %. This performance was superior over a conventional
supported catalyst Ni–Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> that produced
443 mL H<sub>2</sub> g-sawdust<sup>–1</sup> under the same
operating condition with a purity of ∼61 vol %. Although the
Ni-CaO bifunctional material in its fresh form generated a bit more
H<sub>2</sub> (∼689 mL H<sub>2</sub> g-sawdust<sup>–1</sup>), its cyclic performance decayed dramatically, resulting in H<sub>2</sub> yield reduced by 62% and purity dropped from 73 to 49 vol
% after 15 cycles. The “active” Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> spacer offers porosity and mechanical strength to the Ni-CaO-Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> hybrid-functional material, corresponding
to its minor loss in reactivity over cycles (H<sub>2</sub> yield reduced
by only 7% and H<sub>2</sub> purity dropped from 68 to 64 vol % after
15 cycles)
Screening and Molecular Evolution of a Single Chain Variable Fragment Antibody (scFv) against Citreoviridin Toxin
Citreoviridin
(CIT), a small food-borne mycotoxin produced by <i>Penicillium
citreonigrum</i>, is generally distributed in various cereal
grains and farm crop products around the world and has caused cytotoxicity
as an uncompetitive inhibitor of ATP hydrolysis. A high affinity single
chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody that can detect the citreoviridin
in samples is still not available; therefore, it is very urgent to
prepare an antibody for CIT detection and therapy. In this study,
an amplified and assembled scFv from hybridoma was used to construct
the mutant phage library by error-prone PCR, generating a 2 ×
10<sup>8</sup> capacity mutated phage display library. After six rounds
of biopanning, the selected scFv-5A10 displayed higher affinity and
specificity to CIT antigen, with an increased affinity of 13.25-fold
(<i>K</i><sub>aff</sub> = 5.7 × 10<sup>9</sup> L/mol)
compared to that of the original wild-type scFv. Two critical amino
acids (P100 and T151) distributed in H-CDR3 and L-FR regions that
were responsible for scFv-5A10 to CIT were found and verified by oligonucleotide-directed
mutagenesis, and the resulting three mutants except for the mutant
(P100K) lost binding activity significantly against CIT, as predicated.
Indirect competitive ELISA (ic-ELISA) indicated that the linear range
to detect CIT was 25–562 ng/mL with IC<sub>50</sub> at 120
ng/mL. The limit of detection was 14.7 ng/mL, and the recovery average
was (90.612 ± 3.889)%. Hence, the expressed and purified anti-CIT
MBP-linker-scFv can be used to detect CIT in corn and related samples
Image_3_A novel cuproptosis-related prognostic lncRNA signature for predicting immune and drug therapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma.tif
Intratumoral copper levels are closely associated with immune escape from diverse cancers. Cuproptosis-related lncRNAs (CRLs), however, have an unclear relationship with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Gene expression data from 51 normal tissues and 373 liver cancer tissues from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were collected and analyzed. To identify CRLs, we employed differentially expressed protein-coding genes (DE-PCGs)/lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) analysis, Kaplan–Meier (K-M) analysis, and univariate regression. By univariate and Lasso Cox regression analyses, we screened 10 prognosis-related lncRNAs. Subsequently, five CRLs were identified by multivariable Cox regression analysis to construct the prognosis model. This feature is an independent prognostic indicator to forecast overall survival. According to Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and Gene Ontology (GO), both immune-related biological processes (BPS) and pathways have CRL participation. In addition, we found that the characteristics of CRLs were associated with the expression of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and crucial immune checkpoints. CRLs could predict the clinical response to immunotherapy based on the studies of tumor immune dysfunction and rejection (TIDE) analysis. Additionally, it was verified that tumor mutational burden survival and prognosis were greatly different between high-risk and low-risk groups. Finally, we screened potential sensitive drugs for HCC. In conclusion, this study provides insight into the TME status in patients with HCC and lays a basis for immunotherapy and the selection of sensitive drugs.</p
Image_1_A novel cuproptosis-related prognostic lncRNA signature for predicting immune and drug therapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma.png
Intratumoral copper levels are closely associated with immune escape from diverse cancers. Cuproptosis-related lncRNAs (CRLs), however, have an unclear relationship with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Gene expression data from 51 normal tissues and 373 liver cancer tissues from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were collected and analyzed. To identify CRLs, we employed differentially expressed protein-coding genes (DE-PCGs)/lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) analysis, Kaplan–Meier (K-M) analysis, and univariate regression. By univariate and Lasso Cox regression analyses, we screened 10 prognosis-related lncRNAs. Subsequently, five CRLs were identified by multivariable Cox regression analysis to construct the prognosis model. This feature is an independent prognostic indicator to forecast overall survival. According to Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and Gene Ontology (GO), both immune-related biological processes (BPS) and pathways have CRL participation. In addition, we found that the characteristics of CRLs were associated with the expression of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and crucial immune checkpoints. CRLs could predict the clinical response to immunotherapy based on the studies of tumor immune dysfunction and rejection (TIDE) analysis. Additionally, it was verified that tumor mutational burden survival and prognosis were greatly different between high-risk and low-risk groups. Finally, we screened potential sensitive drugs for HCC. In conclusion, this study provides insight into the TME status in patients with HCC and lays a basis for immunotherapy and the selection of sensitive drugs.</p
Table_1_Malnutrition diagnosed by the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria predicting survival and clinical outcomes of patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.DOCX
ObjectivesRecently, some cohorts have looked into the use of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in cancer patients. The objective of the current meta-analysis was to determine its utility in predicting clinical and survival outcomes for cancer patients.MethodSearching and screening literature from PubMed, Web of Science and Embase until September 13, 2022 was performed by two researchers independently. According to the exclusion and inclusion criteria, articles reporting the impact of malnutrition diagnosed by GLIM on long-term survival and clinical outcomes were included. Data of interest were also extracted from the included papers. The stability of the pooled results was evaluated using sensitivity analysis. With the aid of subgroup analysis, heterogeneity was revealed. To assess publication bias, Egger’s and Begg’s tests were conducted. The influence of publication bias on the pooling risk estimate was examined using a trim-and-fill analysis.Results15 studies that qualified for our study were identified. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) from both multivariate and univariate regression analysis showed a worse overall survival in GLIM-defined malnourished cancer patients than those in well-nourished status. Meanwhile, disease-free survival was also poorer in malnourished patients. Moreover, pooled odds ratio (OR) demonstrated that malnourished cancer patients were more likely to develop overall postoperative complications, complications ≥ Clavien-Dindo grade IIa and complications ≥ Clavien-Dindo grade IIIa. Two articles reported negative relation between GLIM-defined malnutrition and 30-day readmission/mortality.ConclusionGLIM-defined malnutrition possesses value in predicting poorer survival and clinical outcomes for cancer patients.Systematic review registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=321094], identifier [CRD42022321094].</p
Alkoxy Side-Chain Engineering of Quinoxaline-Based Small Molecular Acceptors Enables High-Performance Organic Solar Cells
Alkoxy side-chain engineering is an effective strategy
for constructing
efficient organic photovoltaic materials. Here, we develop three A-DA’D-A
type small molecule acceptors (SMAs) with different alkoxy chains
substituted on quinoxaline (Qx) central cores, named BQO-C2, BQO-C4,
and BQO-C6. The different lengths of alkoxy chains on the Qx core
exhibit critical effects on the physicochemical properties, active
layer morphology, and photovoltaic properties of resultant SMAs. BQO-C2
with shorter alkoxy chains demonstrates down-shifted energy levels,
more planar molecular configuration, and stronger crystallinity compared
to its two counterparts. Benefiting from the preferred face-on molecular
packing orientation and better active layer morphology, the PBDB-T:BQO-C2-based
device shows more efficient exciton dissociation, higher and more
balanced charge carrier mobility, suppressed recombination, and thus
a much higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.65% than BQO-C4-
(PCE = 8.93%) and BQO-C6-based (PCE = 8.45%) devices. This work reveals
the structure–performance relationship of alkoxy chain-substituted
Qx-based SMAs, which provides important guidelines for the further
design of high-performance active layer materials
Table_2_A novel cuproptosis-related prognostic lncRNA signature for predicting immune and drug therapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma.xlsx
Intratumoral copper levels are closely associated with immune escape from diverse cancers. Cuproptosis-related lncRNAs (CRLs), however, have an unclear relationship with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Gene expression data from 51 normal tissues and 373 liver cancer tissues from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were collected and analyzed. To identify CRLs, we employed differentially expressed protein-coding genes (DE-PCGs)/lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) analysis, Kaplan–Meier (K-M) analysis, and univariate regression. By univariate and Lasso Cox regression analyses, we screened 10 prognosis-related lncRNAs. Subsequently, five CRLs were identified by multivariable Cox regression analysis to construct the prognosis model. This feature is an independent prognostic indicator to forecast overall survival. According to Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and Gene Ontology (GO), both immune-related biological processes (BPS) and pathways have CRL participation. In addition, we found that the characteristics of CRLs were associated with the expression of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and crucial immune checkpoints. CRLs could predict the clinical response to immunotherapy based on the studies of tumor immune dysfunction and rejection (TIDE) analysis. Additionally, it was verified that tumor mutational burden survival and prognosis were greatly different between high-risk and low-risk groups. Finally, we screened potential sensitive drugs for HCC. In conclusion, this study provides insight into the TME status in patients with HCC and lays a basis for immunotherapy and the selection of sensitive drugs.</p
Additional file 1 of Ce6-modified Fe ions-doped carbon dots as multifunctional nanoplatform for ferroptosis and photodynamic synergistic therapy of melanoma
Additional file 1: Figure S1. PL spectra of Fe-CDs under different excitation wavelengths. Figure S2. Deconvoluted C 1s and O 1s XPS spectra of Fe-CDs. Figure S3. FTIR spectrum of Fe-CDs and Fe-CDs@Ce6. Figure S4. XPS full spectra, deconvoluted C 1s and O 1s spectra of Fe-CDs@Ce6. Figure S5. Evaluation of stability of Fe-CDs@Ce6 (2 mg/mL) in PBS (pH=7.4), acidic PBS (pH=5.0) and serum (10% FBS). Figure S6. Photographs of solution for the chromatic reaction of Fe ions and SA. From left to right: SA, SA+FeSO4, SA+Fe-CDs (0.2 mg/mL), SA+Fe-CDs (0.5 mg/mL), SA+GSH-reduced Fe-CDs (0.2 mg/mL), and SA+GSH-reduced Fe-CDs (0.5 mg/mL). Figure. S7 Photographs of solution for the chromogenic reaction of Fe2+ and K3[Fe(CN)6]. From left to right: (a) 0.1 mg/mL K3[Fe(CN)6], (b) 0.1 mg/mL K3[Fe(CN)6] + 0.01 mg/mL FeSO4, (c) 0.1 mg/mL K3[Fe(CN)6] + 0.01 mg/mL Fe2(SO4)3, (d) 0.1 mg/mL K3[Fe(CN)6] + 0.1 mg/mL Fe-CDs, (e) 0.1 mg/mL K3[Fe(CN)6] + 0.2 mg/mL Fe-CDs, (f) 0.1 mg/mL K3[Fe(CN)6] + 0.5 mg/mL Fe-CDs. Figure S8. Evaluation of Fenton reaction by measuring the UV-Vis absorption spectra of MB and H2O2 under different concentrations of Fe-CDs (A) and GSH reduced Fe-CDs (B) (insets show the solution photographs of MB+H2O2 and different concentrations of Fe-CDs and GSH reduced Fe-CDs). Figure. S9 ELISA assay of TNF-α (A) and IL-10 (B) expression level in B16 conditioned medium after Fe-CDs@Ce6+PDT treatment. Figure S10. A-B The levels of ROS in B16 cells after treatment with Fe-CDs (Scale bar: 500 μm). C-D The alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential in B16 cells after treatment with Fe-CDs (Scale bar:100 μm) (n=3, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 were considered statistically significant). Figure S11. Western blot analysis for β-catenin, xCT, Lef1, HO1 and GPX4 (n=3, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 were considered statistically significant). Figure S12. Stimulation of tube formation in HUVECs using B16 cell supernatant after treatment (Scale bar: 200 μm and 100 μm from top to bottom) (n=3, ****p<0.0001 were considered statistically significant). Figure S13. A Macroscopic presentation of tumors, along with measurements of B tumor volume and C mouse body weight (n=6) (Scale bar: 1 cm). Figure. S14 Co-staining of Lyso- and Mito tracker with Fe-CDs@Ce6 at the incubation temperature of 4 and 37°C. Scale bar: 100 μm. Figure. S15 Time-dependent cellular uptake of Fe-CDs@Ce6 by B16 cells at the incubation temperature of 4 and 37°C. Scale bar: 100 μm. Figure S16. The result of H&E staining of main organs of nude mice after treatment (Scale bar: 100 μm). Figure S17. Volcano plot of melanoma in PBS vs Fe-CDs. Figure S18. Immunohistochemical analysis of β-catenin, Lef1, HO1 and GPX4 (n=3, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001 were considered statistically significant). Figure S19. Western blot analysis for β-catenin, xCT, Lef1, HO1 and GPX4 (n=3, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001 were considered statistically significant)