4 research outputs found

    Sorting of SMCs from RA-induced SM22α<sup>−/−</sup>

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    <p><sup><b><i>LacZ</i></b></sup><b> ESCs.</b> (A) Morphology change of SM22α<sup>−/−LacZ</sup> ESCs under the treatment of DMSO (upper panel) or 10<sup>−5</sup> M RA (lower panel) respectively as indicated time. (B) Comparison of β-gal staining of cells treated with either DMSO (left panel) or 10<sup>−5</sup> M RA (right panel). The upper panel showed that β-gal staining positive cells accumulated with RA treatment time, while only sporadic β-gal staining positive cells existed in DMSO-treated cell population. The lower panel showed representative magnified images by day 8. Scale bar = 100 µm. (C–D) Using 5-chloromethylfluorescein di-β-D-galactopyranoside (FDG) to react with intracellular glutathione. In <i>LacZ</i>-positive cells derived from RA-induced SM22α<sup>−/−LacZ</sup> ESCs, the FDG–glutathione adduct was converted to a bright green fluorescent product and <i>LacZ</i>-positive cells were subsequently sorted through a GFP channel (C) and cultured (D). Left panel: bright field; middle panel: GFP channel; right panel: merge. Scale bar = 100 µm. (E) Immunofluorescence staining of SMCs derived from sorted <i>LacZ</i>-positive cells with SMC-specific marker α-SMA antibody. The nuclei were co-stained with DAPI. Scale bar = 100 µm. (F) Gene expression of sorted cells analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, compared to undifferentiated ESCs (control, Ctrl) or cells before sorting. Before: before sorting; After: after sorting. *<i>p</i><0.05.</p

    Investigation on Thermal Degradation of Poly(1,4-butylene terephthalate) Filled with Aluminum Hypophosphite and Trimer by Thermogravimetric Analysis–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Thermogravimetric Analysis–Mass Spectrometry

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    Flame-retarded poly­(1,4-butylene terephthalate) (PBT) has been prepared using aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) and tri­(1-oxo-2,6,7-trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo­[2,2,2]­octane-methyl)­phosphate (Trimer). The combustion properties of flame-retarded PBT were evaluated using limiting oxygen index, UL-94, and cone calorimetry. The cone calorimeter data indicated that the presence of PBT/AHP/Trimer imparted a significant smoke-suppressing effect. The thermal degradation properties of flame-retarded PBT were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared and thermogravimetric analysis–mass spectrometry. For the samples of PBT, PBT/25% AHP, and PBT/AHP/Trimer, the main gas pyrolysis products were CO<sub>2</sub> and butadiene; the sample of PBT/AHP/Trimer generated less CO<sub>2</sub> and butadiene and consequently retained more carbon in the matrix. The amount of phosphorus–oxygen radicals of PBT/25% AHP was 1.3 times that of PBT/AHP/Trimer, which indicated that AHP alone showed slightly stronger gaseous phase effect than the combination of AHP and Trimer. This result is further confirmed by the analysis of the char residues by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

    Representative SEM micrographs of NF scaffold and sorted SMCs seeded on the scaffold.

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    <p>(A–B) Low and high magnification images of the NF scaffold respectively. The cells were seeded and cultured for 24 hours and observed at low (C) or high (D) magnifications. Arrows indicate the cell aggregates inside the pores of scaffolds.</p

    Histology of constructs implanted subcutaneously for 2 weeks.

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    <p>(A) β-gal staining. (Left) blank scaffold implants; (Right) cell-scaffold construct implants. Blue: positive <i>LacZ</i> staining; Red: nuclei. (B) H&E staining of cell-scaffold construct implants. Scale bar = 200 µm.</p
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