1,431 research outputs found
THERMAL HYDRAULIC ISSUES OF CONTAINMENT FILTERED VENTING SYSTEM FOR A LONG OPERATING TIME
This study investigated the thermal hydraulic issues in the Containment Filtered Venting System (CFVS) for a long operating time using the MELCOR computer code. The modeling of the CFVS, including the models for pool scrubbing and the filter, was added to the input file for the OPR-1000, and a Station Blackout (SBO) was chosen as an accident scenario. Although depressurization in the containment building as a primary objective of the CFVS was successful, the decontamination feature by scrubbing and filtering in the CFVS for a long operating time could fail by the continuous evaporation of the scrubbing solution. After the operation of the CFVS, the atmosphere temperature in the CFVS became slightly above the water saturation temperature owing to the release of an amount of steam with high temperature from the containment building to the scrubbing solution. Reduced pipe diameters at the inlet and outlet of the CFVS vessel mitigated the evaporation of scrubbing water by controlling the amount of high-temperature steam and the water saturation temperature
Investigating the potential association of temporary employment and job dissatisfaction with alcohol use disorder and depressive symptoms: a 13-wave longitudinal analysis
Background
There has been growing interest in protecting workers’ mental health. Identifying social determinants that affect workers’ mental health could play an important role in preventing psychiatric diseases.
Aims
We investigated the effects of temporary employment and job dissatisfaction on alcohol use disorder and depressive symptoms.
Method
The Korea Welfare Panel Study data-set (2009–2021) was used, and 9611 participants with 52 639 observations were included. Generalised linear mixed models were employed to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was calculated to assess supra-additive interactions between temporary employment and job dissatisfaction.
Results
Increased risks for depressive symptoms were observed among fixed-term workers (odds ratio 1.12, 95% CI 1.00–1.26) and daily labourers (odds ratio 1.68, 95% CI 1.44–1.95). Daily labourers were associated with an increased risk of alcohol use disorder (odds ratio 1.54, 95% CI 1.22–1.95). Job dissatisfaction was associated with alcohol use disorder (odds ratio 1.78, 95% CI 1.52–2.08) and depressive symptoms (odds ratio 4.88, 95% CI 4.36–5.46). This effect became stronger when workers were concurrently exposed to temporary employment and job dissatisfaction. Daily labourers with job dissatisfaction showed the highest risks for alcohol use disorder (odds ratio 2.99, 95% CI 2.21–4.03) and depressive symptoms (odds ratio 9.00, 95% CI 7.36–11.02). RERIs between daily employment and job dissatisfaction were >0 for alcohol use disorder (0.91, 95% CI 0.06–1.76) and depressive symptoms (3.47, 95% CI 1.80–5.14), indicating a supra-additive interaction.
Conclusions
We revealed that temporary employment and job dissatisfaction had detrimental effects on alcohol use disorder and depressive symptoms
The role of work–family conflict in the association between long working hours and workers’ sleep disturbance and burnout: results from the sixth Korean Working Conditions Survey
Background
The effect of long working hours on mental health has drawn great social attention in recent years.
Aims
We investigated how work–family conflict mediates the associations between long working hours and sleep disturbance and burnout.
Method
We included 19 159 individuals from a nationally representative sample of workers in South Korea. We decomposed the total effect into a direct effect (long working hours → sleep disturbance or burnout) and an indirect effect (long working hours → work–family conflict → sleep disturbance or burnout). Logistic mediation models were used.
Results
Long working hours were associated with increased risks of work–family conflict, sleep disturbance and burnout. The longer the working hours, the stronger the direct and indirect effects. The odds ratios of the direct effects of long working hours on sleep disturbance were 1.64 (95% CI 1.39–1.95) for 49–54 h/week and 1.66 (95% CI 1.37–2.01) for ≥55 h/week; those of the indirect effects were 1.16 (95% CI 1.12–1.21) for 49–54 h/week and 1.27 (95% CI 1.21–1.33) for ≥ 55 h/week. Similarly, odds ratios of the direct effects of long working hours on burnout were 1.18 (95% CI 1.05–1.33) for 49–54 h/week and 1.20 (95% CI 1.04–1.37) for ≥55 h/week; those of the indirect effects were 1.11 (95% CI 1.09–1.15) for 49–54 h/week and 1.20 (95% CI 1.16–1.24) for ≥55 h/week.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that work–family conflict mediates the associations between long working hours and sleep disturbance and burnout. Longitudinal studies should be followed to confirm the causal relationship
α-Tocopheryl Succinate Inhibits Osteoclast Formation by Suppressing Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappaB Ligand (RANKL) Expression and Bone Resorption
Objective: Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing multinucleated cells derived from the monocyte/macrophage lineage during
normal and pathological bone turnover. Recently, several studies revealed that alpha-tocopheryl succinate (αTP-suc)
have demonstrated potent anti-cancer activities in vitro and in vivo. However, the effects of αTP-suc on osteoclast
formation and bone resorption remain unknown. Thus, in this study, we examined the effects of αTP-suc on osteoclast
differentiation and bone resorbing activity in inflammatory bone loss model.
Methods: Osteoclast differentiation assay was performed by cocultures of mouse bone marrow cells and calvarial
osteoblasts in culture media including interleukin-1 (IL-1). Osteoclasts were stained for tartrate-resistant acid
phosphatase (TRAP). The level of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) mRNA was determined
by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). ICR mice were administered an intraperitoneal
injections of αTP-suc or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 1 day before the implantation of a freeze-dried collagen sponge
loaded with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or IL-1 over the calvariae and every other day for 7 days. The whole
calvariae were obtained and analyzed by micro-computed tomography (CT) scanning, and stained for TRAP.
Results: αTP-suc inhibits osteoclast formation in cocultures stimulated by IL-1 and decreased the level of expression
of RANKL mRNA in osteoblasts. In addition, administered intraperitoneal injections of αTP-suc prevented
IL-1-mediated osteoclast formation and bone loss in vivo.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that αTP-suc may have therapeutic value for treating and preventing bone-resorptive
diseases, such as osteoporosis.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2012-01/102/0000026258/9SEQ:9PERF_CD:SNU2012-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000026258ADJUST_YN:NEMP_ID:A076310DEPT_CD:861CITE_RATE:0FILENAME:골대사학회지-TP-succinate.pdfDEPT_NM:치의학과EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:NCONFIRM:
Hemorrhagic Transformation of Ischemic Stroke: Severe Complications of Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis
Ischemic stroke is a common complication of infective endocarditis (IE), occurring in 20-40% of left side IE cases. In these subsets, anticoagulation therapy may provoke hemorrhagic transformation (HT) of ischemic stroke, and complications of this magnitude deteriorate the clinical course for IE patients. However, in cases of IE complicated with a mechanical prosthetic valve, the physician can be concerned over the maintenance of anticoagulation due to the risk of thrombotic complication. According to our retrospective review, HT of ischemic stroke in prosthetic valve endocarditis occurred 13.8% (4/29) of the time in a variety of situations. Some of these even arose in patients with a subtherapeutic range of prothrombin time
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