204 research outputs found
Effects of Fertilizer Applications on Seed Yield and Quality of \u3cem\u3eElymus sibiricus\u3c/em\u3e in a Rain-Fed Condition
Siberian wildrye grass (Elymus sibiricus L.) is widely used for reseeding as part of grassland improvement programs in Inner Mongolia. Shortage of seed supply has been a problem that limits wider use of E. sibiricus in Northern China steppes. In this research, we investigate the effects of fertilizer application on the seed yield and seed quality of E. sibiricus grown under rain-fed conditions in Inner Mongolia
Screening effects on field emission from arrays of (5,5) carbon nanotubes: Quantum-mechanical simulation
The simulation of field electron emission from arrays of micrometer-long
open-ended (5, 5) carbon nanotubes is performed in the framework of quantum
theory of many electrons. It is found that the applied external field is
strongly screened when the spacing distance is shorter than the length of the
carbon nanotubes. The optimal spacing distance is two to three times of the
nanotube length, slightly depending on the applied external fields. The
electric screening can be described by a factor that is a exponential function
of the ratio of the spacing distance to the length of the carbon nanotubes. For
a given length, the field enhancement factor decreases sharply as the screening
factor larger than 0.05. The simulation implies that the thickness of the array
should be larger than a value but it does not help the emission much by
increasing the thickness a great deal
Atomic decoration for improving the efficiency of field electron emission of carbon nanotubes
The field electron emission from the single-walled carbon nanotubes with
their open ends terminated by -BH, -NH, and -O has been simulated. The
apex-vacuum barrier and the emission current have been calculated. It has been
found that -BH and -NH suppress the apex-vacuum barrier significantly and lead
to higher emission current in contrast to the -O terminated structure in the
same applied field. The calculated binding energy implies that the carbon
nanotubes terminated with -BH and -NH are more stable than those saturated by
oxygen atoms or by hydrogen atoms.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, LaTeX; content changed, typos corrected,
references adde
Bis(triphenylÂstannÂyl) thioÂphene-2,5-dicarboxylÂate
MolÂecules of the title compound, [Sn2(C6H5)6(C6H2O4S)], lie on inversion centres with the central thioÂphene ring disordered equally over two orientations. The carboxylÂate groups are approximately coplanar with the thioÂphene ring [dihedral angle = 4.0â
(1)°] and the SnâO bond distance of 2.058â
(4)â
Ă
is comparable to that in related organotin carboxylÂates
Microorganism-regulated mechanisms of temperature effects on the performance of anaerobic digestion
Additional file 2. Additional tables
Influence of viewing conditions on cross-media color matching
We investigated observer metamerism under a variety of viewing conditions, in a set of color-matching
experiments using displays and printed color samples under specific light sources. A selection
was made of light sources with different illuminances, spectral power distributions, and correlated
color temperatures, as well as displays with different sets of primaries. A panel of 157 observers
with normal color vision and ages between 20 and 59 years old performed 5465 visual color matches
around 9 different color centers. The results from the simulated and real experiments were quite
different. Specifically, the mean color difference from the mean changed with experimental viewing
conditions, ranging from 0.73 to 1.64 CIELAB units (average 0.99 CIELAB units) in simulated
experiments, and from 3.12 to 4.03 CIELAB units (average 3.55 CIELAB units) in real experiments.
In real experiments, observersâ variability reduced for light sources with high illuminance
and high correlated color temperature. Spectral power distributions affected observer metamerism,
but the role played by the primaries of the two displays employed was unclear.National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC), 61675029. Ministry of
Economy and Competitiveness of the Government of Spain, co-financed by the European Regional
Development Fund (ERDF) of the European Union, research project FIS2016-80983-P
Impact of glyphosate on the rhizosphere microbial communities of a double-transgenic maize line D105
Plant roots shape the rhizosphere microbiome, recruiting microbes with beneficial functions. While genetically engineered crops offer yield advantages, their impacts on rhizosphere microbial communities remain understudied. This study evaluated the effects of transgenic maize, alongside a non-transgenic counterpart, on rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community composition using 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon sequencing. Additionally, glyphosate was used to evaluate its impact on microbial assembly and the magnitude of its effect at various maize growth stages. The results showed that transgenic maize D105 line significantly increased bacterial alpha diversity but not fungal diversity. Beta diversity analysis showed clear separation between bacterial and fungal communities at higher glyphosate treatment. Specific bacterial taxa such as Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas were enriched, while fungal taxa such as Ascomycota, Lasiosphaeriaceae, Verticillium were differentially abundant in glyphosate treatments. LEfSe analysis identified distinct enrichment patterns of bacterial (Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria) and fungal taxa (Verticillium and Guehomyces) associated with the transgenic line and glyphosate levels. KEGG functional analysis suggested potential impacts on bacterial metabolic pathways and shifts in fungal trophic modes (saprotrophs, pathogens) within the rhizosphere microbiome. This research provides insights into the classification, functional relationships, and underlying mechanisms shaping microbial communities carrying insect resistance and glyphosate resistance traits
Second harmonic generation in a centrosymmetric gas medium with spatiotemporally focused intense femtosecond laser pulses
We demonstrate unexpectedly strong second harmonic generation (SHG) in Argon
gas by use of spatiotemporally focused (SF) femtosecond laser pulses. The
resulting SHG by the SF scheme at a 75 cm distance shows a significantly
enhanced efficiency than that achieved with conventional focusing scheme, which
offers a new promising possibility for standoff applications. Our theoretical
calculations reasonably reproduce the experimental observations, which indicate
that the observed SHG mainly originates from the gradient of nonuniform plasma
dynamically controlled by the SF laser field.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure
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