Transformation of the organic food market in Poland using concentration and dispersion

Purpose: This paper aims to isolate transformations that have been taking place on the Polish organic food market through the lens of cluster development with the intention to indicate the dynamics of organic food clusters – their concentration and dispersion. Design/Methodology/Approach: The employed methodology is centred around location quotient as a measure of concentration which allows to pinpoint clusters. The narrative in the paper follows the development of structures as the Polish organic food market undergoes various transitions. Findings: Organic farmland and organic operators in Poland are not evenly distributed regionally. The conducted study allowed the identification of development patterns of their regional concentration at NUTS-2 level. Throughout the analysed period certain regions have become specialised in organic farming and organic food processing. Practical Implications: As organic producers and organic food processors undergo a process of geographic concentration and are located in proximity with each other the clusters that are formed should translate into an increase of the competitive advantage of the supply-side of the Polish organic food market. Given the necessity to compete not only among each other but with conventional farmers and food processors as well as distributors, organic producers and organic food processors should make use of the proximity advantage and cooperate with the aim of strengthening their position on the market. Originality/Value: The authors undertook a study that goes beyond static analysis of the organic food market in Poland.peer-reviewe

Organic food attributes determing consumer choices

The aim of the research was to identify the factors influencing consumption of organic food. In our research an attempt was made to find a method for identifying organic food and assessing the features ascribed to it by consumers. These features were then analyzed in terms of their technical and market attributes. The paper presents results of research conducted in 2005, 2010 and 2013 on the organic food market with special emphasis placed on pricing, distribution systems and consumers in the north-eastern Poland. Respondents’ answers indicate their increasing interest, knowledge and commitment to the environment. They also indicate that the most important technological attribute of organic food is its way of production, which ensures that the food is healthy, contains no chemical additives and has good, natural taste. Market attributes include the food’s high nutritious value and naturalness, the producer’s logo and price. Consumers buying organic food believe that the production and processing of food does not destroy the natural environment. Emphasizing the health and taste attributes of organic food is not enough, however, and it has to coincide with the consumer’s behavior and pro-environmental bias, which become explicit in his choice of food.peer-reviewe

OGRANICZENIA I SZANSE ROZWOJU GOSPODARSTW ROLNYCH Z REGIONU WARMII I MAZUR W KONTEKŚCIE ZMIAN WSPÓLNEJ POLITYKI ROLNEJ UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ

The main objective of the research was to diagnose the conditions for the development of farms implementing production in the conventional and ecological system, in the conditions set out in the Strategic Plan for the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) after 2023. In the study were used data obtained in direct surveys conducted in 2022 among the owners of farms from the region of Warmia and Mazury. 165 owners of conventional farms and 158 owners of organic farms participated in the research. The surveyed farm owners, despite a skeptical attitude towards solutions regarding the European Green Deal (EGD), lack of acceptance of the implementation of selected assumptions of this policy, e.g. restrictions on the use of mineral fertilizers and eco-schemes, were in favor of functioning within the EU structures. As a threat to the development of agriculture, leaving the EU structures or resigning from using EU funds were indicated. The contemporary geopolitical situation, restrictions on the import and export of raw materials to Ukraine and the lack of stability on many markets were also indicated as a potential limitation of development. The main potential opportunities for the development of agriculture in Poland, in the opinion of the surveyed owners of farms operating under the conventional production system, are the conditions created for small and medium-sized farms and the increase in demand for agricultural services. In the opinion of the owners of farms implementing production under ecological systems, the assumptions of the new CAP and the EGD may be an opportunity to strengthen the profitability of these entities and to search for alternative sources of income

OGRANICZENIA I SZANSE ROZWOJU GOSPODARSTW ROLNYCH Z REGIONU WARMII I MAZUR W KONTEKŚCIE ZMIAN WSPÓLNEJ POLITYKI ROLNEJ UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ

The main objective of the research was to diagnose the conditions for the development of farms implementing production in the conventional and ecological system, in the conditions set out in the Strategic Plan for the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) after 2023. In the study were used data obtained in direct surveys conducted in 2022 among the owners of farms from the region of Warmia and Mazury. 165 owners of conventional farms and 158 owners of organic farms participated in the research. The surveyed farm owners, despite a skeptical attitude towards solutions regarding the European Green Deal (EGD), lack of acceptance of the implementation of selected assumptions of this policy, e.g. restrictions on the use of mineral fertilizers and eco-schemes, were in favor of functioning within the EU structures. As a threat to the development of agriculture, leaving the EU structures or resigning from using EU funds were indicated. The contemporary geopolitical situation, restrictions on the import and export of raw materials to Ukraine and the lack of stability on many markets were also indicated as a potential limitation of development. The main potential opportunities for the development of agriculture in Poland, in the opinion of the surveyed owners of farms operating under the conventional production system, are the conditions created for small and medium-sized farms and the increase in demand for agricultural services. In the opinion of the owners of farms implementing production under ecological systems, the assumptions of the new CAP and the EGD may be an opportunity to strengthen the profitability of these entities and to search for alternative sources of income

Determinants of Changes in Agricultural Land Prices at Regional Level in Poland

The aim of the research was to identify factors determining changes in land prices and to indicate clusters of Polish voivodeships distinguished according to the adopted variables. Because of the specific features of the agricultural land market in Poland, the performed analyses accounted for the distinction in prices of agricultural land from the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury and from private land trade. In view of the formal and legal regulations implemented in Poland, and the way changes in land prices are recorded, the analysis concerned the time period of 2013-2020, divided into two subperiods: 2013-2016, and 2017-2020. One of the most significant considerations was the fact that there were two submarkets on the Polish agricultural land market, such as the farmland in private turnover and the farmland from the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury. The highest differentiation of land prices between the voivodeships was due to the average monthly disposal income per capita from a family farm relative to the average monthly income per capita from being self-employed, and the total acreage of farmland sold from the State Treasury Stock

Determinants of Changes in Agricultural Land Prices at Regional Level in Poland

The aim of the research was to identify factors determining changes in land prices and to indicate clusters of Polish voivodeships distinguished according to the adopted variables. Because of the specific features of the agricultural land market in Poland, the performed analyses accounted for the distinction in prices of agricultural land from the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury and from private land trade. In view of the formal and legal regulations implemented in Poland, and the way changes in land prices are recorded, the analysis concerned the time period of 2013-2020, divided into two subperiods: 2013-2016, and 2017-2020. One of the most significant considerations was the fact that there were two submarkets on the Polish agricultural land market, such as the farmland in private turnover and the farmland from the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury. The highest differentiation of land prices between the voivodeships was due to the average monthly disposal income per capita from a family farm relative to the average monthly income per capita from being self-employed, and the total acreage of farmland sold from the State Treasury Stock