Unknotting the polarized vacuum of quenched QED

A knot-theoretic explanation is given for the rationality of the quenched QED beta function. At the link level, the Ward identity entails cancellation of subdivergences generated by one term of the skein relation, which in turn implies cancellation of knots generated by the other term. In consequence, each bare three-loop diagram has a rational Laurent expansion in the Landau gauge, as is verified by explicit computation. Comparable simplification is found to occur in scalar electrodynamics, when computed in the Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau formalism.Comment: 11 pages, LaTe

Mass Corrections to the Vector Current Correlator

Three-loop QCD corrections to the vector current correlator are considered. The large momentum procedure is applied in order to evaluate mass corrections up to order $(m^2/q^2)^6$. The inclusion of the first seven terms to the ratio $R=\sigma(e^+e^- \to hadrons)/\sigma(e^+e^- \to \mu^+\mu^-)$ leads to reliable predictions from the high energy region down to relatively close to threshold.Comment: 16 pages, LaTeX, 11 postscript figures. The complete paper, including figures, is also available via anonymous ftp at ftp://ttpux2.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/ , or via www at http://www-ttp.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/cgi-bin/preprints

Double Bubble Corrections to Heavy Quark Production

Second order ${\cal O}(\alpha_s^2)$ corrections to the heavy quark production cross-section due to massless quarks and coloured scalars are calculated for all energies above threshold. Based on the method introduced in this letter also the gauge non-invariant second order corrections due to the pure gluonic selfenergy insertion and a certain class of ${\cal{O}}(\alpha_s^3)$ and ${\cal{O}}(\alpha_s^4)$ corrections are determined. For the special choice of the gauge parameter, $\xi=4$, the leading threshold and high energy behaviour of the pure second order gluonic corrections to the cross-section are governed by the gluonic self energy insertion.Comment: 9 pages, latex, 17 figures, the complete postscript file of this preprint, including figures, is available via anonymous ftp at ftp://www-ttp.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/ttp96-04/ttp96-04.ps (129.13.102.139) or via www at http://www-ttp.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/cgi-bin/preprints

Connections between Deep-Inelastic and Annihilation Processes at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order and Beyond

We have discovered 7 intimate connections between the published results for the radiative corrections, \Ck, to the Gross--Llewellyn Smith (GLS) sum rule, in deep-inelastic lepton scattering, and the radiative corrections, \Cr, to the Adler function of the flavour-singlet vector current, in \ee annihilation. These include a surprising relation between the scheme-independent single-electron-loop contributions to the 4-loop QED $\beta$\/-function and the zero-fermion-loop abelian terms in the 3-loop GLS sum rule. The combined effect of all 7 relations is to give the factorization of the 2-loop $\beta$\/-function in \Ds\equiv\Ck\Cr-1=\frac{\Be}{\Aq}\left\{S_1\Cf\Aq+\left[S_2\Tf\Nf +\Sa\Ca+\Sf\Cf\right]\Cf\Aq^2\right\}+O(\Aq^4)\,, where \Aq=\al(\mu^2=Q^2)/4\pi is the \MS coupling of an arbitrary colour gauge theory, and S_1=-\Df{21}{2}+12\Ze3\,;\quad S_2=\Df{326}{3}-\Df{304}{3}\Ze3\,;\quad \Sa=-\Df{629}{2}+\Df{884}{3}\Ze3\,;\quad \Sf=\Df{397}{6}+136\Ze3-240\Ze5 specify the sole content of \Ck that is not already encoded in \Cr and \Be=Q^2\rd\Aq/\rd Q^2 at O(\Aq^3). The same result is obtained by combining the radiative corrections to Bjorken's polarized sum rule with those for the Adler function of the non-singlet axial current. We suggest possible origins of $\beta$ in the `Crewther discrepancy', \Ds, and determine \Ds/(\Be/\Aq), to all orders in \Nf\Aq, in the large-\Nf limit, obtaining the {\em entire\/} series of coefficients of which $S_1$ and $S_2$ are merely the first two members.Comment: 11 pages, LATEX, preprint INR-820/93, OUT-4102-45; In memoriam Sergei Grogorievich Corishny, 1958-198

Bjorken unpolarized and polarized sum rules: comparative analysis of large-N_F expansions

Analytical all-orders results are presented for the one-renormalon-chain contributions to the Bjorken unpolarized sum rule for the F_1 structure function of nu N deep-inelastic scattering in the large-N_F limit. The feasibility of estimating higher order perturbative QCD corrections, by the process of naive nonabelianization (NNA), is studied, in anticipation of measurement of this sum rule at a Neutrino Factory. A comparison is made with similar estimates obtained for the Bjorken polarized sum rule. Application of the NNA procedure to correlators of quark vector and scalar currents, in the euclidean region, is compared with recent analytical results for the O(alpha_s^4 N_F^2) terms.Comment: 9 page

The alpha_s^3 correction to Gamma (Z^0 -> hadrons)

We present the alpha_s^3 correction to the Z^0 decay rate into hadrons in the limit m_top >> m_Z.Comment: 7pages, NIKHEF-H/93-2

Calculation of Feynman diagrams with zero mass threshold from their small momentum expansion

A method of calculating Feynman diagrams from their small momentum expansion [1] is extended to diagrams with zero mass thresholds. We start from the asymptotic expansion in large masses [2] (applied to the case when all $M_i^2$ are large compared to all momenta squared). Using dimensional regularization, a finite result is obtained in terms of powers of logarithms (describing the zero-threshold singularity) times power series in the momentum squared. Surprisingly, these latter ones represent functions, which not only have the expected physical `second threshold' but have a branchcut singularity as well below threshold at a mirror position. These can be understood as pseudothresholds corresponding to solutions of the Landau equations. In the spacelike region the imaginary parts from the various contributions cancel. For the two-loop examples with one mass $M$, in the timelike region for $q^2 \approx M^2$ we obtain approximations of high precision. This will be of relevance in particular for the calculation of the decay $Z \to b\bar{b}$ in the $m_b=0$ approximation.Comment: 17 pages with figures and tables, PostScript file gzip'ed and uuencode

Bottom-Tau Yukawa Unification in the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model

We discuss the unification of the bottom quark and tau lepton Yukawa couplings within the framework of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model. We compare the allowed regions of the $m_t$-$\tan \beta$ plane to those in the minimal supersymmetric standard model, and find that over much of the parameter space the deviation between the predictions of two models is small, and nearly always much less than the effect of current theoretical and experimental uncertainties in the bottom quark mass and the strong coupling constant. However over some regions of parameter space top-bottom Yukawa unification cannot be achieved. We also discuss the scaling of the light fermion masses and mixing angles, and show that to within current uncertainties the results of recent texture analyses performed for the minimal model also apply to the next-to-minimal model.Comment: Southampton preprint SHEP 93/94-15, This is a latex file with postscript figures attached to the end of the documen

ФОРМУВАННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ, ПАТРІОТИЧНИХ, ЗАГАЛЬНОЛЮДСЬКИХ ЦІННОСТЕЙ МОЛОДІ ЗАСОБАМИ УКРАЇНОЗНАВСТВА

The article analyzes the formation and development of folk cossack pedagogy, which over the centuries generated the wisdom of generations and became a synthesis of experience, philosophy, psyche, physical and spiritual life of the people. Also, their role in the comprehensive development of personality, the formation of patriotism in youth, the feeling of pride for his own people, his heroic history, and a high level of culture and spirituality are revealed.У статті проаналізовано становлення і розвиток народної та козацької педагогіки, що впродовж віків генерували мудрість поколінь і стали синтезом досвіду, філософії, психіки, фізичного і духовного життя народу. Також, показано їх роль у всесторонньому розвитку особистості, формуванні в молоді патріотизму, почуття гордості за свій народ, його героїчну історію, захист свободи та незалежності батьківщини

Estimates of the higher-order QCD corrections: Theory and Applications

We consider the further development of the formalism of the estimates of higher-order perturbative corrections in the Euclidean region, which is based on the application of the scheme-invariant methods, namely the principle of minimal sensitivity and the effective charges approach. We present the estimates of the order $O(\alpha^{4}_{s})$ QCD corrections to the Euclidean quantities: the $e^+e^-$-annihilation $D$-function and the deep inelastic scattering sum rules, namely the non-polarized and polarized Bjorken sum rules and to the Gross--Llewellyn Smith sum rule. The results for the $D$-function are further applied to estimate the $O(\alpha_s^4)$ QCD corrections to the Minkowskian quantities $R(s) = \sigma_{tot} (e^{+}e^{-} \to {\rm hadrons}) / \sigma (e^{+}e^{-} \to \mu^{+} \mu^{-})$ and $R_{\tau} = \Gamma (\tau \to \nu_{\tau} + {\rm hadrons}) / \Gamma (\tau \to \nu_{\tau} \overline{\nu}_{e} e)$. The problem of the fixation of the uncertainties due to the $O(\alpha_s^5)$ corrections to the considered quantities is also discussed.Comment: revised version and improved version of CERN.TH-7400/94, LATEX 10 pages, six-loop estimates for R(s) in Table 2 are revised, thanks to J. Ellis for pointing numerical shortcomings (general formulae are non-affected). Details of derivations of six-loop estimates for R_tau are presente