Efikasi Trichoderma Harzianum Dengan Berbagai Bahan Organik Dalam Pengendalian Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang Pada Lada

The objective of this research was to determine the influence of the kinds of organic matter on the efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai to control foot rot of black pepper caused by Phytophthora capsici Leonian. Trichoderma spp. were isolated from suppressive and non-suppressive soils taken from black pepper fields with high disease incidence. Screening of Trichoderma spp. isolates was conducted through antagonistic test with dual culture technique. Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with six replications. Treatments were rice husk, rice straw, wood dust, Arachis pintoi, mixture of the four organic matters, the mixture without T. harzianum, and without organic matter. The test was conducted in greenhouse with media consisted of soil, organic matter, and sand (2 : 2 : 1, v/v). After being otoclaved, the medium was infested with T. harzianum and P. capsici each with five mycelium plugs of 1-cm diameter. Black pepper seedlings were planted 5 days after fungal infestation. After planting the seedlings, five leaf cuts were partly inserted into the soil on each pot. The variables observed were disease incidence on the leaf cuts inserted into the soil and disease severity on the stems and roots. The results show that all 16 Trichoderma isolates inhibited P. capsici colonies and some isolates showed stronger inhibition than the others. T. harzianum reduced disease severity, but there was no effect of the kinds of organic matter on the ability of T. harzianum to control foot rot

Efikasi Isolat Trichoderma Terpilih Dengan Bahan Organik Untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang Pada Lada Di Lapangan

Efficacy of selected Trichoderma isolate and organic matter to control foot rot of black pepper in the field. The objective of this experiment was to determine the efficacy of selected Trichoderma isolatand organic matter to control the disease. Dual culture method was used to select a Trichoderma isolate. The experiment to evaluate the efficacy of selected isolate consisted of control (no application of T. harzianum or organic matter), T. harzianum and rice straw, and T. harzianum and coffee husk. As starter, T. harzianum was grown in broken rice. Two liters of organic matter was infested with suspension of 10 g starter in 100 ml steril water and incubated for 2 weeks. The mixture was applied around the base of black pepper stem. The results showed that all plants treated with T. harzianum and organic matter did not show disease symptom. Ten percent of the control plants showed symptoms. However, statistical analysis showed that the occurrence of the disease was not significantly different between treatments. Applications ofT. harzianum and rice straw increased the density of Trichoderma for 1 and 2 months after application. T. harzianum and coffee husk increased the density of the fungus 1 month after application

Pengaruh Bakteri Paenibacillus Polymyxa Dan Jamur Trichoderma SP. Terhadap Penyakit Bulai (Peronosclerospora Maydis (Rac.) Shaw) Pada Tanaman Jagung

Salah satu kendala dalam budidaya jagung adalah penyakit bulai yang disebabkan oleh P. maydis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh agensia hayati P. polymyxa dan Trichoderma sp. terhadap penyakit bulai pada tanaman jagung. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Jurusan Proteksi Tanaman dan di Laboratorium Lapang Terpadu Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung dari November 2013 sampai Januari 2014. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan empat perlakuan dan lima ulangan (kelompok). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan sidik ragam dan selanjutnya diuji dengan uji BNT pada taraf 5%. Perlakuan terdiri atas kontrol (P0), perlakuan benih dan penyemprotan dengan bakteri P. polymyxa (P1), perlakuan benih dan penyemprotan dengan jamur Tricoderma sp. (P2), dan perlakuan benih dan penyemprotan dengan fungisida metalaksil (P3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi bakteri P. polymyxa dapat mengurangi keterjadian penyakit bulai pada tanaman jagung manis Bonanza F1 pada30 HST dan 37 HST. Aplikasi Trichoderma sp. dapat mengurangi keterjadian penyakit bulai tanaman jagung hibrida NK22 pada 33 dan 40 HST. Tanaman jagung manis Bonanza F1 dan jagung hibrida NK22 pada 7 HST yang diaplikasi dengan bakteri P. polymyxa dan Trichoderma sp. lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tinggi tanaman jagung yang tidak diberi agensia hayati apapun. Bobot tongkol jagung manis Bonanza F1 dan jagung hibrida NK22 akibat aplikasi P. polymyxa dan Trichoderma sp. lebih berat dibandingkan dengan bobot tongkol jagung dari tanaman yang tidak diberi agensia hayati apapun

Effectiveness of the Application of Organic Matter and Trichoderma Viride From Suppresive Soil to Control Fusarium Wilt on Banana Plant

Effectiveness of the application of organic matter and Trichoderma viride from suppresive soil to control fusarium wilt on banana plant. Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense is one of the problems in banana production. This research was aimed to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma viride isolated from suppresive soil and organic matter on controlling fusarium wilt on banana plant. The efficcacy trial consisted of 12 treatments and four replications within each treatment. Each experimental unit consisted of 10 plants. Organic matters used were rice straw, cassava peel, and compost. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design. Data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by orthogonal analysis (P≤0.05). Application of T. viride suppressed disease incident up to 65%. The highest disease incident occurred in plants treated without T. viride and organic matter and in plants treated with organic matter only (78.33%). Disease incidence in plants treated with T.viride was lower than those treated with the combination of T. viride and organic matter. Different application times (in nursery or soil medium) did not significantly affect fusarium wilt incidence. The type of organic matter did not significantly affect the incidence and severity of fusarium wilt

PENURUNAN KEPARAHAN PENYAKIT BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG PADA LADA AKIBAT APLIKASI BAHAN ORGANIK DAN TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM

Foot rot of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) caused by Phytophthora capsici Leionian is commonly considered as one of the most important problems in black pepper production. The objectives of this research was to determine the influence of organic matter and Trichoderma spp. on the severity of foot rot of black pepper. On the first experiment, five Trichoderma mycelial plugs were applied on planting medium consisting of soil, organic matter, and sand (2:2:1, v/v), then incubated for 7 days. Black pepper plants were transferred to the planting medium and after 14 days were inoculated on the stems. The variable observed was disease severity on the stem. On the second test, Trichoderma that was grown on broken rice (menir) as starter was applied into the planting medium which consists of soil and sand (2:1, v/v). Two weeks later, black pepper plants were inoculated on the leaves and stems. The variables observed were the diameter of necrotic on the leaves and disease severity on the stem. On the first experiment when 15 isolates of Trichoderma spp. were tested, five isolates (T. harzianum isolates 6, 8, 9, 10, and 15) significantly reduced disease severity. However, on the second test when four out of the five effective isolates were retested, none was found to significantly reduce disease severity on leaves or stems