Remittances and the household’s expenditures on health

This paper considers the effect of remittances on the share of health expenditures to total household expenditure. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate whether remittances are especially targeted towards household’s health in Mexico. We use a Tobit model with random effects and find a statistically significant effect of remittances on the proportion of health expenditures for households that do not have access to employment’s medical insurance: Our results suggest that around 10% of changes in remittances are devoted to health expenditure.Health expenditure; Remittances; Tobit; Health related consumption

The credit supply channel of monetary policy: evidence from a FAVAR model with sign restrictions

We test whether the credit channel of the monetary policy was present in the United States' economy from January 2001 to April 2016. To this end, we use a factor-augmented vector autoregression, and we impose sensible theoretical sign restrictions in our structural identification scheme. We use the expected substitution effect between bank commercial loans and commercial papers to identify the credit supply channel. We found that the credit channel appears to have operated in the US economy during the sample period. However, when we split the sample, we found that the credit channel did not operate after the subprime crisis (close to the Zero Lower Bound of the interest rate). This result is robust to changing the sign restriction horizons. It supports current views in the literature regarding the ineffectiveness of the credit channel as a means to foster real economic activity during crises episodes

Los bienes raíces de los moriscos expulsados

La expulsión de los moriscos fue un proceso complejo, a pesar de los innumerables trabajos que se han realizado hasta el día de hoy aún quedan aspectos por dilucidar. La confiscación y venta de los bienes raíces de los moriscos generó una inmensa documentación, cuyo estudio nos puede ayudar a comprender la vertiente económica de la expulsión, así como aspectos socioeconómicos de la minoría. En este artículo se presentan los primeros datos globales sobre la tasación de todos los bienes raíces de los moriscos en Castilla, Extremadura, Murcia y Andalucía, tanto en lugares de realengo como en lugares de señorío.The expulsion of the Moriscos was a complex process that despite the countless works that have been made to this day, still remain aspects to be elucidated. The seizure and sale of real estate of the Moriscos created a vast documentation whose study can help us understand the economic side of the expulsion, and also those socioeconomic aspects of the minority. This article presents the first comprehensive data on the valuation of all real property of the Moriscos in Castile, Extremadura, Murcia and Andalusia, both in lordships and in places of royal dominion

Estudio comparativo utilizando el gasto del hogar para medir la pobreza en México en el período de 1992 a 2002

Resumen: En este trabajo se comparan estimaciones acerca de la población mexicana en pobreza que han sido elaboradas a través de dos metodologías diferentes: (a) la oficial establecida por el Comité Técnico para la Medición de la Pobreza en 2002 que se basa en el análisis del ingreso de los hogares y (b) una metodología alternativa que toma como punto de partido el gasto de los hogares tal como es documentado por las Encuestas Nacionales de Ingresos y Gastos. En el estudio se examinan las diferencias arrojadas por ambas metodologías con respecto a la estimación de la población y los hogares pobres. Al descomponer los gastos en sus partes monetarias y no monetarias, se detectó que los componentes no monetarios pueden modificar los resultados de las mediciones. El trabajo examina, asimismo, el papel de los cambios en el tamaño de hogar y la inclusión de factores de edad y de escala para identificar el efecto de las decisiones de los hogares sobre los niveles de pobreza. Se encuentra que la no consideración de estos factores introduce variaciones en la proporción de población en pobreza, las cuales podrían deberse a errores de medición. Abstract: This study compares estimates of Mexican poor population which have been elaborated by the use of two different methodologies: (a) the official approach proposed in 2002 by the Technical Committee for the Measurement of Poverty based on the income of the households; (b) an alternative approach which takes into account the expenses made by households using the data of the National Survey of Income and Expenditure. The study examines the differences between both methodologies to estimate poor population and households. When expenditure is divided into its monetary and non-monetary parts, it is detected that non-monetary expenditure can affect the results of measurement. Factors such as the composition of households and the inclusion of age and scale factors are also considered in order to establish the effect of decisions made by households on the range of poverty. The disregard of these factors introduces variances into the proportion of poor population which can be caused by errors in the measurement process

Cytochrome c 6-like protein as a putative donor of electrons to photosystem I in the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. PCC 7119

Most organisms performing oxygenic photosynthesis contain either cytochrome c 6 or plastocyanin, or both, to transfer electrons from cytochrome b 6-f to photosystem I. Even though plastocyanin has superseded cytochrome c 6 along evolution, plants contain a modified cytochrome c 6, the so called cytochrome c 6A, whose function still remains unknown. In this article, we describe a second cytochrome c 6 (the so called cytochrome c 6-like protein), which is found in some cyanobacteria but is phylogenetically more related to plant cytochrome c 6A than to cyanobacterial cytochrome c 6. In this article, we conclude that the cytochrome c 6-like protein is a putative electron donor to photosystem I, but does play a role different to that of cytochrome c 6 and plastocyanin as it cannot accept electrons from cytochrome f. The existence of this third electron donor to PSI could explain why some cyanobacteria are able to grow photoautotrophically in the absence of both cytochrome c 6 and plastocyanin. In any way, the Cyt c 6-like protein from Nostoc sp. PCC 7119 would be potentially utilized for the biohydrogen production, using cell-free photosystem I catalytic nanoparticles.Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica BFU2006-01361/BMCJunta de Andalucía PAI BIO022 BIO19

Activation of effector immune cells promotes tumor stochastic extinction: A homotopy analysis approach

In this article we provide homotopy solutions of a cancer nonlinear model describing the dynamics of tumor cells in interaction with healthy and effector immune cells. We apply a semi-analytic technique for solving strongly nonlinear systems - the Step Homotopy Analysis Method (SHAM). This algorithm, based on a modification of the standard homotopy analysis method (HAM), allows to obtain a one-parameter family of explicit series solutions. By using the homotopy solutions, we first investigate the dynamical effect of the activation of the effector immune cells in the deterministic dynamics, showing that an increased activation makes the system to enter into chaotic dynamics via a period-doubling bifurcation scenario. Then, by adding demographic stochasticity into the homotopy solutions, we show, as a difference from the deterministic dynamics, that an increased activation of the immune cells facilitates cancer clearance involving tumor cells extinction and healthy cells persistence. Our results highlight the importance of therapies activating the effector immune cells at early stages of cancer progression

A Novel Approach for Learning How to Automatically Match Job Offers and Candidate Profiles

Automatic matching of job offers and job candidates is a major problem for a number of organizations and job applicants that if it were successfully addressed could have a positive impact in many countries around the world. In this context, it is widely accepted that semi-automatic matching algorithms between job and candidate profiles would provide a vital technology for making the recruitment processes faster, more accurate and transparent. In this work, we present our research towards achieving a realistic matching approach for satisfactorily addressing this challenge. This novel approach relies on a matching learning solution aiming to learn from past solved cases in order to accurately predict the results in new situations. An empirical study shows us that our approach is able to beat solutions with no learning capabilities by a wide margin.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figure

Estado actual de los injertos óseos: Biología, función, conservación, riesgo de transmisión de enfermedades, inmunogenicidad e incorporación

Los dos factores determinantes de la magnitud y la velocidad de unión entre el injerto y el husped son la estabilidad mecánica del lecho y el contacto entre ambos. Si el injerto no presenta una adecuada estabilidad mecanica, el tejido de granulación que lo rodea dara lugar a una fibrosis que se interpondra entre el injerto y el lecho, dificultando su incorporación. De particular importancia resulta la vascularización del lecho de implantación, así como la riqueza del mismo en progenitores de celulas endoteliales y fibroblastos, decisivas en la respuesta a un implante steoinductivo y/o osteoconductivo así como a estimulos angiogénicos (7,31,40,66,64)

El movimiento de los grupos políticos (cliques) en tres perídos presidenciales en México

En este artículo se analizan los cliques de tres presidentes mexicanos. El clique es una estructura en la que los actores están fuertemente conectados entre si, y sirve para entender la configuración de los grupos, como se mantienen a lo largo del tiempoIn this article we analyze the cliques of three Mexican presidential administrations. A clique is a structure where actors are strongly connected among themselves and it helps understand the configuration of groups, how they are maintained over time and