Number of LTR retrotransposon families relative to their insertion age expressed in million years.

<p>Number of LTR retrotransposon families relative to their insertion age expressed in million years.</p

Density of transposable elements (TE) along the linkage groups of <i>L. bicolor.</i>

<p>The density is graphically represented as the number of TE copy found in a window of 10 kb. Lane 1 represents the density of all TEs; Lane 2 represents the density of <i>Gypsy</i> and <i>Copia</i>; Lane 3 represents the density of <i>Helitron</i>; Lane 4 represents the density of <i>LARD</i>; Lane 5 represents the density of LINE; Lane 6 represents the density of TIRs.</p

Artemis v11 depiction showing two samples of the nested and clustered distribution of transposable elements (TE) on the <i>L. bicolor</i> LG 5 and LG 1.

<p>Artemis v11 depiction showing two samples of the nested and clustered distribution of transposable elements (TE) on the <i>L. bicolor</i> LG 5 and LG 1.</p

Relationships between LTR retrotransposons of <i>Laccaria bicolor</i> and <i>Coprinopsis cinerea.</i>

<p>This phylogenetic tree is based on reverse transcriptase (RT) and ribonuclease H (RH) amino-acid sequences of all the LTR retrotransposons identified by LTR_STRUC and after manual curation. In black: clade 1, in blue: clade 2. <i>Gypsy</i> elements are designated by blue font, <i>Copia</i> by black, <i>LARD</i> by magenta and <i>ERV</i> by orange.</p

Characterization of <i>MORE AXILLARY GROWTH</i> Genes in <i>Populus</i>

<div><p>Background</p><p>Strigolactones are a new class of plant hormones that play a key role in regulating shoot branching. Studies of branching mutants in Arabidopsis, pea, rice and petunia have identified several key genes involved in strigolactone biosynthesis or signaling pathway. In the model plant Arabidopsis, <i>MORE AXILLARY GROWTH1</i> (<i>MAX1</i>), <i>MAX2</i>, <i>MAX3</i> and <i>MAX4</i> are four founding members of strigolactone pathway genes. However, little is known about the strigolactone pathway genes in the woody perennial plants.</p><p>Methodology/Principal Finding</p><p>Here we report the identification of MAX homologues in the woody model plant <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>. We identified the sequence homologues for each MAX protein in <i>P. trichocarpa</i>. Gene expression analysis revealed that <i>Populus MAX</i> paralogous genes are differentially expressed across various tissues and organs. Furthermore, we showed that <i>Populus MAX</i> genes could complement or partially complement the shoot branching phenotypes of the corresponding Arabidopsis <i>max</i> mutants.</p><p>Conclusion/Significance</p><p>This study provides genetic evidence that strigolactone pathway genes are likely conserved in the woody perennial plants and lays a foundation for further characterization of strigolactone pathway and its functions in the woody perennial plants.</p></div

居民組織

2003-2004 > Academic research: refereed > Chapter in an edited book (author

Genetic complementation of <i>Arabidopsis max1</i> mutants with <i>Populus MAX1</i> genes.

<p>(<b>A</b>) RT-PCR analysis of <i>35S:PtrMAX1a</i> transgenic lines. (<b>B</b>) RT-PCR analysis of <i>35S:PtrMAX1b</i> transgenic lines. (<b>C</b>) Number of primary rosette-leaf branches. Shown are average numbers of primary rosette-leaf branches from at least 10 individual plants ± S.E. *, significant difference from <i>max1-4</i>, p<0.05.</p

Expression of <i>Populus MAX</i> homologous genes across various tissues and organs.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Illustration of tissues and organs used for expression analysis. (<b>B</b>) Quantitative RT-PCR data. Shown are means ± S.E. of three biological replicates.</p

Genetic complementation of <i>Arabidopsis max4</i> mutants with <i>Populus MAX4</i> genes.

<p>(<b>A</b>) RT-PCR analysis of <i>35S:PtrMAX4a</i> transgenic lines. (<b>B</b>) RT-PCR analysis of <i>35S:PtrMAX4b</i> transgenic lines. (<b>C</b>) Number of primary rosette-leaf branches. Shown are average numbers of primary rosette-leaf branches from at least 10 individual plants ± S.E. *, significant difference from <i>max4-1</i>, p<0.05.</p

Genetic complementation of <i>Arabidopsis max2</i> mutants with <i>Populus MAX2</i> genes.

<p>(<b>A</b>) RT-PCR analysis of <i>35S:PtrMAX2a</i> transgenic lines. (<b>B</b>) RT-PCR analysis of <i>35S:PtrMAX2b</i> transgenic lines. (<b>C</b>) Number of primary rosette-leaf branches. Shown are average numbers of primary rosette-leaf branches from at least 10 individual plants ± S.E. *, significant difference from <i>max2-4</i>, p<0.05.</p