Results of the pressure wave analysis (PWA) for patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transfemoral TAVR procedure.

Characteristic parameters of the calculated central pressure waves from measurements of both radial and carotid sites are displayed. Variables are given as median and IQR. Comparison of the parameters before and after TAVR was performed using the Wilcoxon-test. Correlation between all measurements for radial and carotid sites were assessed by calculating the Pearson´s correlations coefficient. P-values <0.05 indicate statistical significance.</p

Characteristic pulse wave forms before and after TAVR.

The results of pulse wave analysis recorded by applanation tonometry for a representative patient with severe aortic stenosis before (A) and after (B) TAVR are displayed. Radial and carotid measurements sites as well as calculated central curves are shown.</p

Correlation for PWA measures between peripheral measurement sites.

The results for the calculated parameters SEVR (A), dP/dtmax (B), AIx (C) and AGPH (D) are displayed. Linear regression was performed between the two peripheral measurement sites, 95% confidence intervals and the correlation coefficients are indicated.</p

Cardiac performance and vascular stiffness indices before and after TAVR.

The results for the calculated parameters SEVR (A), dP/dtmax (B), AIx (C) and AGPH (D) are displayed as Tukey plots. Medians were compared by the Wilcoxon test.</p

Correlation of butyrylcholinesterase activity within young patients and remaining age strata.

<p>Continuous data are presented as median (interquartile range) and their association with butyrylcholinesterase was assessed using Spearman–Rho correlation coefficient. Median butyrylcholinesterase values are demonstrated within categorical data and were analyzed using Mann-Whitney-U test</p><p>* P-value for comparison of median values within young patients and the remaining age strata using Mann-Whitney-U test</p><p>** P-values for comparison of median butyrylcholinesterase values within categorical variables in young patients and the remaining age strata using Mann-Whitney-U test</p><p>Correlation of butyrylcholinesterase activity within young patients and remaining age strata.</p

Unadjusted and adjusted effects of BChE on cardiac mortality.

<p>Cox proportional hazard model for butyrylcholinesterase in the entire cohort and age-groups. Hazard ratios (HR) for continuous variables refer to a 1-SD increase.</p><p>* The multivariate model was adjusted for gamma-GT, Quick Test, fibrinogen, age, BMI, resuscitation before angiography, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterinemia, positive smoking status, family history of CVD, STEMI, coronary intervention, fibrinolysis and male gender)</p><p>Unadjusted and adjusted effects of BChE on cardiac mortality.</p

Baseline characteristics of the entire study-cohort and age strata.

<p>Categorial data are presented as counts and percentages, continuous as median and IQR (interquartile range). Categorical data are analyzed using a test for linear association (Maentel–Haenszel-chi-square-test), continuous data using Kruskal-Wallis test.</p><p>Baseline characteristics of the entire study-cohort and age strata.</p

Forrest plot for cardiac mortality stratified by age cohorts: Adjusted HR per 1-SD for butyrylcholinesterase within the age-cohorts (Cohort 1: p = 0.002; Cohort 2: p = 0.612; Cohort 3: p = 0.366) and the entire patient collective (p = 0.608).

<p>Forrest plot for cardiac mortality stratified by age cohorts: Adjusted HR per 1-SD for butyrylcholinesterase within the age-cohorts (Cohort 1: p = 0.002; Cohort 2: p = 0.612; Cohort 3: p = 0.366) and the entire patient collective (p = 0.608).</p

Baseline characteristics of total study population and for patients with impaired anti-oxidant HDL function (HDL oxidant index (HOI)>5.90) and the residual study population (HOI≤5.90).

<p>Baseline characteristics of total study population and for patients with impaired anti-oxidant HDL function (HDL oxidant index (HOI)>5.90) and the residual study population (HOI≤5.90).</p

Left ventricular myocardial biopsies from HFpEF patients.

<p>Panel A shows a representative myocardial biopsy from a patient with a normal stroke volume (70ml) and a small extent of extracellular matrix (12%/mm²). In contrast, panel B shows a representative myocardial biopsy from a patient with a lower stroke volume (51 ml) and a significant amount of extracellular matrix (57%/mm²). Trichrome stain. Extracellular matrix stains blue-purple or green.</p