Additional file 1 of High levels of TDO2 in relation to pro-inflammatory cytokines in synovium and synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis

Additional file 1: SupplementaryFigure 1. Isotype controls for immunofluorescence staining andimmunohistochemistry staining and raw data of western blot inFigure 1.(A) representativephoto of the isotype control for immunofluorescence staining;(B) representativephoto of the isotype control for immunohistochemistry staining; (C) the original gels showing TDO2 expression in Fig 1C; (D) the original gels showing β-actinexpression in Fig 1C. (E) theoriginal gels showing TDO2 expression in Fig 1E; (F) the original gels showing β-actinexpression in Fig 1E. Since our original exposure was very bright, there was no way to changeit, and we could not see the edges of the gels by adjusting the contrast in theoriginal gels of western blot

Additional file 2 of High levels of TDO2 in relation to pro-inflammatory cytokines in synovium and synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis

Additional file 2: SupplementaryFigure 2. Raw data of western blot in Figure 4. (A) the original gels showing TDO2 expression inFig 4A; (B) the original gelsshowing β-actin expression in Fig 4A; (C) the original gels showing TDO2 expression in Fig 4B; (D) the original gels showing β-actinexpression in Fig 4B

A sensitive LC-MS/MS method to determine ginkgolide B in human plasma and urine: application in a pharmacokinetics and excretion study of healthy Chinese subjects

1. Ginkgolide B (GB), the most active of the ginkgolides, has been developed as a new drug for the treatment of vascular insufficiency; however, the pharmacokinetics of GB remain unclear. Here, we investigated the pharmacokinetics and urine excretion properties of GB in healthy Chinese subjects administered single- and multiple-dose injectable GB based on a new LC-MS/MS method. 2. GB pharmacokinetics were found to be dose-dependent from 20 to 60 mg. GB reached a steady state by day 6 with once-daily dosing at 40 mg. Systemic exposure to GB, as characterised by AUC0–∞, indicated accumulation following repeated once-daily dosing for seven consecutive days. The mean urinary cumulative excretion rate of GB in response to 20, 40, and 60 mg GB was 41.9 ± 18.5%, 32.9 ± 12.2%, and 43.9 ± 8.5%, respectively. 3. Dose-proportional pharmacokinetics of GB were observed after intravenous administration in healthy subjects. A gradual reduction in the volume of distribution and slight change in mean resistance time led us to conjecture the limited accumulation of GB based on distribution equilibrium in vivo. 4. This comprehensive study of the clinical pharmacokinetics of GB will provide useful information for its application and further development.</p