Ion temperature measurements in the Maryland Spheromak

Initial spectroscopic data from MS showed evidence of ion heating as deduced from the line widths of different ion species. Detailed measurements of OIV spectral emission line profiles in space and time revealed that heating takes place at early time, before spheromak formation and is occurring within the current discharge. The measured ion temperature is several times the electron temperature and cannot be explained by classical (Spitzer) resistivity. Classically, ions are expected to have lower temperatures than the electrons and therefore, lower temperatures than observed. High ion temperatures have been observed in different RFP`s and Spheromaks but are usually associated with relaxation to the Taylor state and occur in the sustainment phase. During formation, the current delivered to start the discharge is not axisymmetric and as a consequence, X-points appear in the magnetic flux. A two dimensional analysis predicts that magnetic reconnection occurring at an X-point can give rise to high ion heating rates. A simple 0-dimensional calculation showed that within the first 20 {mu}s, a conversion of mass flow kinetic energy into ion temperature could take place due to viscosity

Study of Negative-Ion TPC Using {\mu}-PIC for Directional Dark Matter Search

Negative-ion time projection chambers(TPCs) have been studied for low-rate and high-resolution applications such as dark matter search experiments. Recently, a full volume fiducialization in a self-triggering TPC was realized. This innovative technology demonstrated a significant reduction in the background with MWPC-TPCs. We studied negative-ion TPC using the {\mu}-PIC+GEM system and obtained sufficient gas gain with CS$_{2}$gas and SF$_{6}$ gas at low pressures. We expect an improvement in detector sensitivity and angular resolution with better electronics

A comparison of the nutritional content of processed foods available on the French market, according to the type of brand, and potential impact on nutrient intakes—An Oqali study

The French Observatory of Food Quality (Oqali) aims to collect all nutrition data provided on processed food labels, at the level of brand products, in order to monitor reformulation and nutrition labeling changes over time. This work aimed to make a cross‐sectional comparison of the nutrition content of processed foods on the French market, according to their type of brand (national brands, retailer brands, entry‐level retailer brands, hard discount, and specialized retailer brands), and to study the potential impact of the differences observed on simulated nutrient intakes. A total of 16,453 branded processed foodstuffs were considered, collected between 2008 and 2011 and divided into 24 food sectors. Labeled nutrition values were compared between types of brands by family of products. Nutrition values were matched with consumption data from the French Individual and National Study on Food Consumption (INCA 2) (Afssa, 2006–2007) to determine whether the nutrition differences underlined were magnified or diminished when crossing them with consumption data. Only isolated differences in nutrient contents between types of brands could be highlighted. In the case of a theoretical and exclusive consumption of processed foodstuffs from one specific type of brand, protein intakes from first‐price products (entry‐level retailer brands and hard discount) appeared to be significantly lower than the ones from national or retailer brand products. The absence of systematic differences in the nutrition contents of processed foods from various types of brands is an encouraging result when considering social inequalities and nutrition. As protein intakes in France are currently above recommended levels (Afssa, 2007), consumption of first‐price foodstuffs does not imply any risk of deficiency for French consumers

Étiquetage des allergènes alimentaires dans les produits transformés français

Journées francophones de nutrition, Marseille 2015International audienceIntroduction et but de l’étude : L’Oqali a pour mission de suivre l’évolution de la qualité nutritionnelle de l’offre alimentaire des produits transformés (informations et composition nutritionnelles disponibles sur les emballages). Cette étude a pour objectif de réaliser un état des lieux des taux de présence dans les listes d’ingrédients et d’étiquetage de précaution des 14 catégories d’allergènes alimentaires à déclaration obligatoire : gluten, crustacés, œuf, poissons, arachide, soja, lait, fruits à coque, céleri, moutarde, sésame, sulfites, lupin et mollusques. [...

Study of Negative-Ion TPC Using μ-PIC for Directional Dark Matter Search

Negative-ion time projection chambers(TPCs) have been studied for low-rate and high-resolution applications such as dark matter search experiments. Recently, a full volume fiducialization in a self-triggering TPC was realized. This innovative technology demonstrated a significant reduction in the background with MWPC-TPCs. We studied negative-ion TPC using the μ-PIC+GEM system and obtained sufficient gas gain with CS2 gas and SF6 gas at low pressures. We expect an improvement in detector sensitivity and angular resolution with better electronics

Special Supplement to the DMJ - Jacques Ferron

Symposium marking the 20th anniversary of the death of Dr. Jacques Ferron. THE CANADA OF JACQUES FERRON: Le Moncton de Jacques Ferron : lieu de déperdition identitaire ou embryon de mythe littéraire? / The Moncton of Jacques Ferron : Site of Identity Loss or Literary Myth in the Making? by Jean Morency -- Quinze esquisses pour un portrait virtuel de Jacques Ferron / Fifteen Sketches for a Virtual Portrait of Jacques Ferron by Herménégilde Chiasson -- Jacques Ferron’s Alberta, and Mine by Ray Ellenwood. THE PHYSICIAN WRITING: In Search of the Anglophone Doctor in Jacques Ferron’s ‘Le petit William’ / A la recherche du médecin «anglais » dans ‘Le petit William’ de Jacques Ferron by Vivian McAlister -- Jacques Ferron et L’Information médicale et paramédicale: une collaboration de 30 ans / Jacques Ferron and L’Information médicale et paramédicale: 30 Years of Collaboration by Luc Gauvreau -- Physicians as Writers / Les médecins-écrivains by Jock Murray -- Writing the Human Brain: The Work of Oliver Sacks / Écrire le cerveau humain : l’oeuvre d’Oliver Sacks by Dylan Blacquière -- William Carlos Williams by Thalia Field -- Samuel Shem The House of God by Kira Rich-- Anton Chekhov by Christopher Hinkewich and Ashley McCormick -- W. Somerset Maugham by Alison Archibald -- À la manière de Jacques Ferron : médecine et littérature / The Way of Jacques Ferron: Medicine and Literature by Jean Désy -- ‘Reading, Writing, Doctoring’: Doctor-Readers and Doctor-Writers in the Fiction of Jacques Ferron / ‘Lire, Écrire, Soigner’ : médecins-lecteurs et médecins-écrivains dans les oeuvres de fiction de Jacques Ferron by Betty Bednarski -- “Sardonic As an Idol:” Jacques Ferron and the Fine Points of Medicine by Ian Cameron and Patrick Sullivan -- Exploring the Limits of the Self: Birth and Death in Jacques Ferron’s Writing / Explorer les limites du “Moi” : la naissance et la mort dans l’oeuvre de Jacques Ferron by Viviane Brochot and Evelyne Szaryk -- Jacques Ferron’s Wild Roses: Blurring the Boundaries Between “Madness” and Sanity / Les Roses sauvages de Jacques Ferron: le brouillage des frontières entre la folie et la normalité by Molleen Shilliday -- “Crazy” (This collaboration between Nadia Alam and Linda Clarke is a creative storytelling performance provoked by Ferron’s “Wild Roses”. / Cette performance, fruit d’une collaboration entre Nadia Alam et Linda Clarke, est une création provoquée par une lecture de Les Roses sauvages de Ferron.