Influencia de la sensibilización sobre la percepción de la molestia

Actualmente el ruido en entornos aeroportuarios presenta unos niveles de aceptación muy bajos. Los niveles de emisión acústica de las aeronaves han decrecido notablemente en las últimas décadas y dicha mejora no ha redundado en una disminución de la molestia. En algunos aeropuertos donde se aplica el concepto de enfoque equilibrado no existe demasiado margen para la reducción en las emisiones acústicas. Una alternativa es investigar el papel que pueden desempeñar las estrategias de sensibilización y de comunicación de las emisiones acústicas por parte de los gestores del ruido, intentando responder a las siguientes cuestiones: ¿Cómo afecta la comunicación en materia de ruido sobre la percepción de molestia?, ¿Puede contribuir activamente a mejorar la aceptación de los aeropuertos?, ¿Cómo podemos hacer estas estrategias más eficaces

Spindle cell squamous carcinoma of the tongue in a child

AbstractBackgroundSpindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) is an infrequent and aggressive type of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) characterized by the proliferation of epithelial and mesenchymal components. Oral SCC in children is an extremely rare entity and the SpCC variant has been reported in one case in the paediatric patient literature.MethodsIn this paper, we report a case of SpCC of the tongue in an 11-year-old boy treated by on-block surgical resection and microvascular tissue reconstruction.ResultsAfter 14 months the patient is free of disease with easily intelligible speech and normal swallowing.ConclusionsDiagnosis and treatment of this rare tumour in this age group is a challenge because of the overlapping of histopathological features and the complex reconstruction required to achieve adequate aesthetic and functional results

Subcutaneous anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin for prevention of disease in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trialResearch in context

Summary: Background: Anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin (hIG) can provide standardized and controlled antibody content. Data from controlled clinical trials using hIG for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 outpatients have not been reported. We assessed the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin 20% (C19-IG20%) compared to placebo in preventing development of symptomatic COVID-19 in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We did a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, in asymptomatic unvaccinated adults (≥18 years of age) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within 5 days between April 28 and December 27, 2021. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive a blinded subcutaneous infusion of 10 mL with 1 g or 2 g of C19-IG20%, or an equivalent volume of saline as placebo. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants who remained asymptomatic through day 14 after infusion. Secondary endpoints included the proportion of individuals who required oxygen supplementation, any medically attended visit, hospitalisation, or ICU, and viral load reduction and viral clearance in nasopharyngeal swabs. Safety was assessed as the proportion of patients with adverse events. The trial was terminated early due to a lack of potential benefit in the target population in a planned interim analysis conducted in December 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov registry: NCT04847141. Findings: 461 individuals (mean age 39.6 years [SD 12.8]) were randomized and received the intervention within a mean of 3.1 (SD 1.27) days from a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. In the prespecified modified intention-to-treat analysis that included only participants who received a subcutaneous infusion, the primary outcome occurred in 59.9% (91/152) of participants receiving 1 g C19-IG20%, 64.7% (99/153) receiving 2 g, and 63.5% (99/156) receiving placebo (difference in proportions 1 g C19-IG20% vs. placebo, −3.6%; 95% CI -14.6% to 7.3%, p = 0.53; 2 g C19-IG20% vs placebo, 1.1%; −9.6% to 11.9%, p = 0.85). None of the secondary clinical efficacy endpoints or virological endpoints were significantly different between study groups. Adverse event rate was similar between groups, and no severe or life-threatening adverse events related to investigational product infusion were reported. Interpretation: Our findings suggested that administration of subcutaneous human hyperimmune immunoglobulin C19-IG20% to asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection was safe but did not prevent development of symptomatic COVID-19. Funding: Grifols