Two Efficient Cascade Reactions to Synthesize Substituted Furocoumarins

We have developed two efficient one-pot reactions to generate furo[3,2-c]coumarins and chlorofuro[3,2-c]coumarins through addition/cyclization/oxidation and chlorination. One cascade addition/cyclization/oxidation sequence of 1 with H2O in the presence of 20% CuCl as Lewis acid under an air atmosphere generated the 2-substituted-4H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one 2. Another sequence in the presence of 10% CuBr and excess CuCl2 as the oxidant afforded the 3-chloro-2-substituted-4H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one 3

dataset.sav

<div>This is a original raw data of our unpublished paper titled "The role of sex and femininity in preferences for unfamiliar infants among Chinese adults"</div

Stimulus-Responsive Biopolymeric Surface: Molecular Switches for Oil/Water Separation

In this work, we fabricated a stimulus-responsive biopolymeric material and demonstrated the reversible character of a hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface upon exposure to UV light. Importantly, this stimulus-responsive material exhibited excellent features in an oil/water separation system. Cellulose was functionalized on both sides of the surface with a dopamine polymer and further modified with an azobenzene-fluorosilane material. Azobenzene can alter the properties of a material via an isomerization effect (trans–cis) upon exposure to UV light. Initially, the azobenzene-fluorosilane material was in a hydrophobic state; the contact angle was over 130°; and absorption performance with various organic solvents showed there to be high levels of extractive activity and outstanding reusability. When we exposed the material to UV light, the surface changed to that of a hydrophilic nature, and this phenomenon was influenced by the azobenzene chemistry of folding and unfolding of an azobenzene-fluorosilane molecule. Significantly, this phenomenon is a reversible, reusable, and eco-friendly material. Furthermore, dopamine polymers could block organic material, bacteria, and fungi, and this surface can be used for wastewater purification. Therefore, we foresee that the stimulus-responsive surface of biopolymeric material could result in a different direction in the oil/water purification fields

Stimulus-Responsive Biopolymeric Surface: Molecular Switches for Oil/Water Separation

In this work, we fabricated a stimulus-responsive biopolymeric material and demonstrated the reversible character of a hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface upon exposure to UV light. Importantly, this stimulus-responsive material exhibited excellent features in an oil/water separation system. Cellulose was functionalized on both sides of the surface with a dopamine polymer and further modified with an azobenzene-fluorosilane material. Azobenzene can alter the properties of a material via an isomerization effect (trans–cis) upon exposure to UV light. Initially, the azobenzene-fluorosilane material was in a hydrophobic state; the contact angle was over 130°; and absorption performance with various organic solvents showed there to be high levels of extractive activity and outstanding reusability. When we exposed the material to UV light, the surface changed to that of a hydrophilic nature, and this phenomenon was influenced by the azobenzene chemistry of folding and unfolding of an azobenzene-fluorosilane molecule. Significantly, this phenomenon is a reversible, reusable, and eco-friendly material. Furthermore, dopamine polymers could block organic material, bacteria, and fungi, and this surface can be used for wastewater purification. Therefore, we foresee that the stimulus-responsive surface of biopolymeric material could result in a different direction in the oil/water purification fields

Electrophoretic mobility of DNA in cholesterol-peptide/DNA complexes at N/P ratio of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 and 15 respectively.

<p>Panel A. Ch-R5H5/DNA complexes, Panel B. Ch-R3H3/DNA complexes. Panel C. Ch-R5/DNA complexes. Panel D. Ch-R3/DNA complexes.</p

Stimulus-Responsive Biopolymeric Surface: Molecular Switches for Oil/Water Separation

In this work, we fabricated a stimulus-responsive biopolymeric material and demonstrated the reversible character of a hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface upon exposure to UV light. Importantly, this stimulus-responsive material exhibited excellent features in an oil/water separation system. Cellulose was functionalized on both sides of the surface with a dopamine polymer and further modified with an azobenzene-fluorosilane material. Azobenzene can alter the properties of a material via an isomerization effect (trans–cis) upon exposure to UV light. Initially, the azobenzene-fluorosilane material was in a hydrophobic state; the contact angle was over 130°; and absorption performance with various organic solvents showed there to be high levels of extractive activity and outstanding reusability. When we exposed the material to UV light, the surface changed to that of a hydrophilic nature, and this phenomenon was influenced by the azobenzene chemistry of folding and unfolding of an azobenzene-fluorosilane molecule. Significantly, this phenomenon is a reversible, reusable, and eco-friendly material. Furthermore, dopamine polymers could block organic material, bacteria, and fungi, and this surface can be used for wastewater purification. Therefore, we foresee that the stimulus-responsive surface of biopolymeric material could result in a different direction in the oil/water purification fields

Data_Sheet_1_Secular trends in the mortality of gastrointestinal cancers across China, Japan, the US, and India: An age-period-cohort, Joinpoint analyses, and Holt forecasts.docx

BackgroundColon cancer, esophageal cancer, and stomach cancer are the common causes of morbidity and mortality in China, Japan, the US., and India. The current study aims to assess and compare secular trends of the mortality of gastrointestinal cancers during the period, 1990–2017 in age-specific, time period, and birth cohort effects.MethodWe used the Joinpoint model to collect age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) for four countries. We designed an age-period-cohort (APC) analysis to estimate the independent effects on the mortality of three types of cancers.ResultThe Joinpoint model shows that in addition to the death rate of esophageal cancer in Japan, the ASMR of esophageal cancer and stomach cancer in other countries declined rapidly. The APC analysis presented a similar pattern of age effect between four countries for colon cancer and stomach cancer, which increased from 20 to 89 age groups. Differently, the period effect rapidly increased for esophageal cancer and stomach cancer in the US, and the period effect in China presented a declining volatility, showing its highest value in 2007. In future, highest mortality trends are likely to occur in China.ConclusionTherefore, the obvious increase in colon cancer recommended that earlier tactics must be performed to reduce mortality from specific causes from 2018 to 2027.</p

Cell viability of mammalian cells after incubation with Ch-R5H5-DNA, Ch-R3H3-DNA, Ch-R5, and Ch-R3 complexes at different N/P ratios compared to DNA and PEI/DNA complex at an N/P ratio of 10.

<p>Error bars represent standard deviation of 8 replicates. Panel A. HEK-293 cell line. Panel B. MCF-7 cell line.</p

Molecular Understanding on the Underwater Oleophobicity of Self-Assembled Monolayers: Zwitterionic versus Nonionic

Molecular dynamics simulations are conducted to investigate the underwater oleophobicity of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with different head groups. Simulation results show that the order of underwater oleophobicity of SAMs is methyl < amide < oligo­(ethylene glycol) (OEG) < ethanolamine (ETA) < hydroxyl < mixed-charged zwitterionic. The underwater–oil contact angles (OCAs) are <133° for all nonionic hydrophilic SAMs, while the mixed-charged zwitterionic SAMs are underwater superoleophobic (OCA can reach 180°). It appears that surfaces with stronger underwater oleophobicity have better antifouling performance. Further study on the effect of different alkyl ammonium ions on mixed-charged SAMs reveals that the underwater OCAs are >143.6° for all SAMs; mixed-charged SAMs containing primary alkyl ammonium ion are likely to possess the best underwater oleophobicity for its strong hydration capacity. It seems that alkyl sulfonate anion (SO₃^–) is more hydrophilic than alkyl trimethylammonium ion (NC₃⁺) for the hydrophobic methyl groups on nitrogen atoms and that the hydration of SO₃^– in mixed-charged SAMs can be seriously blocked by NC₃⁺. The monomer of SO₃^– should be slightly longer than that of NC₃⁺ to obtain better underwater oleophobicity in NC₃⁺–/SO₃^––SAMs. In addition, the underwater oleophobicity of SAMs might become worse at low grafting densities. This work systematically proves that a zwitterionic surface is more underwater oleophobic than a nonionic surface. These results will help for the design and development of superoleophobic surfaces

Engineering the Polymer Backbone To Strengthen Nonfouling Sulfobetaine Hydrogels

We have demonstrated that molecularly engineering the chemical structure of a monomer can lead to hydrogels with improved mechanical strength. In this case, hydrogels from zwitterionic sulfobetaine methacrylate monomers were compared to sulfobetaine vinylimidazole (pSBVI) hydrogels. We show that the introduction of the vinylimidazole backbone improves the tensile and compressive mechanical properties of the sulfobetaine hydrogel by an order of magnitude over the same properties of a methacrylate hydrogel. Zwitterionic groups have been shown to create surface coating materials with ultralow fouling properties, and we demonstrate here that the presence of the imidazole group does not compromise the nonfouling properties attributed to the zwitterionic sulfobetaine: surfaces coated with pSBVI exhibited exceptionally low nonspecific protein adsorption, and cell adhesion was reduced by 97% relative to low-fouling poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) hydrogels