A tandem process for in situ H2O2 formation coupled with benzyl alcohol oxidation using Pd-Au bimetallic catalysts

[EN] Alcohol oxidation is one of the most important industrial organic reactions. Traditionally, the best-suited catalysts are Pd, Pt and Au supported nanoparticles. The research community has recently started developing strategies for synthesizing carbon-supported Pd/Au bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs), leading to higher activities and selectivities. However, the metallic active species in these catalysts are usually generated using sodium borohydride (NaBH4), which is not synthetically easy to reproduce. In fact, minor modifications in pH, concentration and/or other parameters have a prominent effect on the nature of the promoted material. In this work, a robust process involving dihydrogen flow (H2) at 200 °C as a reducing agent for synthesizing Pd/Au supported bimetallic materials was considered an alternative to the common pathway. The physicochemical properties of the materials derived from different reducing reagents and of varying composition ranges were studied using HR-TEM, XRD, CO chemisorption, and XPS. Their stability and activity were also tested for benzyl alcohol oxidation to benzaldehyde under mild reaction conditions (60 °C, water as the solvent, and PO2 = 1.5 bar). Notably, a catalyst from the hydrogen reduction process with a metal composition of 0.8%Pd¿0.2%Au/C consisting of bimetallic clusters (¿1.5 nm) proved to be the best material (C = 94%, S = 99%). Catalytic performances were strongly correlated with structural properties, such as nanoparticle size and distribution, which, in turn, were affected by the reduction step and the metal composition range. Finally, the influence of oxidants on benzyl alcohol oxidation has also been studied, along with the first approach for the tandem in situ formation of H2O2 coupled with alcohol oxidation.The authors are thankful for the financial support by the Spanish Government (RTI2018-096399-A-I00 and PGC2018-097277-B-I00 funded by MICINN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and Junta de Andalucia (P20 01027 and PYC 20 RE 060 UAL). The electron microscopy service of the UPV is acknowledged for their help in sample characterization.Martínez, JS.; Mazarío, J.; Gutiérrez-Tarriño, S.; Galdeano-Ruano, CP.; Gaona Miguélez, JA.; Domine, ME.; Oña-Burgos, P. (2022). A tandem process for in situ H2O2 formation coupled with benzyl alcohol oxidation using Pd-Au bimetallic catalysts. Dalton Transactions. 51(46):17567-17578. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2DT02831J1756717578514

FERTILITY AND MINERALOGY OF SOILS SUBJECT TO VINASSE APPLICATION ON A FARM SITUATED IN SANTA CRUZ DAS PALMEIRAS-SP, BRAZIL: Fertilidade e mineralogia do solo sujeito à disposição de vinhaça de uma fazenda em Santa Cruz das Palmeiras

With the ethanol production expansion in Brazil, there was an increase in the production of vinasse, an effluent from sugar and alcohol industry, which under certain conditions can be used for fertirrigation of sugarcane crops. The research aimed to evaluate the effect of vinasse applied in the period from 2012 to 2017, considering the chemical and mineralogical properties of the soil of a farm located in Santa Cruz das Palmeiras-SP, Brazil. From the results obtained, it was possible to observe that in 2014, which was the year of highest calculation of vinasse dosage, low fertility conditions occurred with high concentrations of H+Al and total CEC. The temporal analysis of one of the farm fields exposed that, in controlled doses, the application of vinasse can improve soil fertility and promote the reduction of acidity and aluminum toxicity. The granulometric and mineralogical tests characterize the studied soil as a sandy soil with high concentrations of silicates and oxides of iron and aluminum. The research evaluated the possibility of leaching of base cations and concentration of H+Al in rainy periods, while moisture and macronutrients would be replaced with fertirrigation in dry periods.Com a crescente produção de etanol no Brasil, houve o aumento da geração da vinhaça, efluente da indústria sucroalcooleira, que sob certas condições pode ser utilizada para a fertirrigação de lavouras de cana-de-açúcar. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da vinhaça aplicada no período de 2012 a 2017, considerando as propriedades químicas e mineralógicas do solo de uma fazenda situada em Santa Cruz das Palmeiras. A partir dos resultados obtidos, foi possível observar que no ano de 2014 de maior cálculo de dosagem de vinhaça ocorreram baixas condições de fertilidade com altas concentrações de H+Al e de CTC total. A análise temporal de uma das glebas da fazenda demonstrou que, em doses controladas, a aplicação de vinhaça pode melhorar a fertilidade do solo e promover a redução da acidez e da toxicidade por alumínio. Os ensaios granulométricos e mineralógicos caracterizaram o solo estudado como um solo arenoso com altas concentrações de silicatos e óxidos de ferro e alumínio. O estudo avaliou a possibilidade de lixiviação dos cátions de base e concentração de H+Al em períodos chuvosos, ao passo que haveria reposição de umidade e macronutrientes com a fertirrigação em períodos secos

VIII Encuentro de Docentes e Investigadores en Historia del Diseño, la Arquitectura y la Ciudad

Acta de congresoLa conmemoración de los cien años de la Reforma Universitaria de 1918 se presentó como una ocasión propicia para debatir el rol de la historia, la teoría y la crítica en la formación y en la práctica profesional de diseñadores, arquitectos y urbanistas. En ese marco el VIII Encuentro de Docentes e Investigadores en Historia del Diseño, la Arquitectura y la Ciudad constituyó un espacio de intercambio y reflexión cuya realización ha sido posible gracias a la colaboración entre Facultades de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño de la Universidad Nacional y la Facultad de Arquitectura de la Universidad Católica de Córdoba, contando además con la activa participación de mayoría de las Facultades, Centros e Institutos de Historia de la Arquitectura del país y la región. Orientado en su convocatoria tanto a docentes como a estudiantes de Arquitectura y Diseño Industrial de todos los niveles de la FAUD-UNC promovió el debate de ideas a partir de experiencias concretas en instancias tales como mesas temáticas de carácter interdisciplinario, que adoptaron la modalidad de presentación de ponencias, entre otras actividades. En el ámbito de VIII Encuentro, desarrollado en la sede Ciudad Universitaria de Córdoba, se desplegaron numerosas posiciones sobre la enseñanza, la investigación y la formación en historia, teoría y crítica del diseño, la arquitectura y la ciudad; sumándose el aporte realizado a través de sus respectivas conferencias de Ana Clarisa Agüero, Bibiana Cicutti, Fernando Aliata y Alberto Petrina. El conjunto de ponencias que se publican en este Repositorio de la UNC son el resultado de dos intensas jornadas de exposiciones, cuyos contenidos han posibilitado actualizar viejos dilemas y promover nuevos debates. El evento recibió el apoyo de las autoridades de la FAUD-UNC, en especial de la Secretaría de Investigación y de la Biblioteca de nuestra casa, como así también de la Facultad de Arquitectura de la UCC; va para todos ellos un especial agradecimiento

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

APRESENTAÇÃO DO PRIMEIRO NÚMERO DA REVISTA DE COMUNICAÇÃO DIALÓGICA

Apresentação dos artigos que compõem o primeiro número da revista e agradecimentos à equipe envolvida.</jats:p

EFEITOS DA APLICAÇÃO DE VINHAÇA NA FERTILIDADE DO SOLO

EFEITOS DA APLICAÇÃO DE VINHAÇA NA FERTILIDADE DO SOLO     RUBENS FERNANDO SERAFIM1; LAUREN NOZOMI MARQUES YABUKI1; JOÃO GABRIEL THOMAZ QUELUZ1; LARISSA RUAS GALDEANO1; MARCELO LOUREIRO GARCIA1   Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Avenida 24 A,1515, Bela Vista, CEP: 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] [email protected]     1 RESUMO   O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os efeitos da aplicação de vinhaça sobre as características de fertilidade do solo. Um estudo de monitoramento desses parâmetros foi realizado em uma fazenda localizada no interior do estado de São Paulo, no período de 2012 a 2017. Informações mineralógicas e sobre a concentração de metais no solo foram reportadas. Alterações significativas nas propriedades químicas do solo ao longo do tempo foram observadas, sendo a aplicação da vinhaça um dos fatores que exerceram influência na variação das características do solo, em combinação com fatores ambientais e o manejo agrícola. A saturação por bases decresceu em média de 64 para 40% entre 2012 e 2017, respectivamente, enquanto o volume médio anual de vinhaça foi 188 ± 31 m3 ha-1. A tendência de crescimento ao longo dos anos do parâmetro saturação por alumínio foi evidente e os valores de pH foram em torno de 5. Apesar da adoção de aplicação da vinhaça nos solos proporcionar a disponibilidade de nutrientes e água, é recomendado que o monitoramento e controle da qualidade do solo seja sempre realizado, mantendo-se consequentemente, a sua fertilidade e a sustentabilidade da produção de cana-de-açúcar.   Palavras-chave: fertirrigação, dosagens de efluente, características químicas do solo, impactos ambientais.     SERAFIM, R. F.; YABUKI, L. N. M.; QUELUZ, J. G. T.; GALDEANO, L. R.; GARCIA, M. L. EFFECTS OF VINASSE APLICATION ON SOIL FERTILITY   2 ABSTRACT   This study aimed to evaluate the effects of vinasse application on soil fertility characteristics. A monitoring study of soil fertility parameters was conducted in a farm fertirrigated with vinasse, located in the state of São Paulo, over the period from 2012 to 2017. Mineralogical and soil metal concentration information was reported. Significant alterations in the chemical properties of the soil over time were observed, being the vinasse application one of the factors that influenced the variation of the soil characteristics, combined with environmental factors and agricultural management. The base saturation decreased on average from 64 to 40% between 2012 and 2017, respectively, while the mean annual volume of vinasse was 188 ± 31 m3 ha-1. The increasing trend in the years for the parameter aluminum saturation was remarkable and the pH values were around 5. Although the adoption of vinasse application in soils provides the availability of nutrients and water, it is recommended that the monitoring and control of soil quality be performed at all times maintaining, consequently, its fertility and the sustainability of sugarcane production.   Keywords: fertigation, effluent dosage, soil´s chemical characteristics, environmental impacts.  </jats:p