Effect of IL-17A, IL-17F or IL-22 on transepithelial diffusion rate of FITC-dextran in ARPE-19 monolayer.

<p>Stimulation of ARPE-19 monolayer with 50 ng/ml IL-17A, IL-17F or IL-22 for 6 days induced a higher FITC-dextran diffusion rate at 24 hours compared with the control group. A diffusion percentage approaching 100% indicates that the amount of dextran-FITC in the upper and lower chamber approaches the same values. IL-22 had no effect on diffusion rate. Data were shown as the means±SEM of four independent experiments. *<i>p</i><0.05 versus the control group.</p

Expression of IL-22R and IL-17RC in ARPE-19 cells.

<p>(A) Coexpression of IL-22R and IL-17RC in ARPE-19 cells was shown by immunocytochemistry. Scale bar  = 75 µm. (B) Western blot revealed that ARPE-19 cells expressed only IL-17RC. However, PBMCs expressed both IL-17RA and IL-17RC.</p

IL-17A and IL-17F but not IL-22 promoted chemokines and IL-6 production in ARPE-19 cells.

<p>Confluent ARPE-19 cells were stimulated with different concentrations of IL-17A, IL-17F or IL-22 as indicated. After 24 hours of incubation, protein concentrations of CXCL8, CCL2, CCL20 and IL-6 released into the supernatants were measured by ELISA. Data were shown as the means±SEM of four independent experiments. **<i>p</i><0.01 versus the control group.</p

Effect of IL-17A, IL-17F or IL-22 on the distribution of junction proteins in ARPE-19 monolayer.

<p>Cells were incubated with or without 50 ng/ml IL-17A, IL-17F or IL-22 for 6 days, then fixed and immunolabeled with ZO-1 or occludin. Immunostaining for ZO-1 and occludin in untreated or IL-22-treated ARPE-19 monolayer showed a continuous labeling in the region of cell-cell contact. Incubation with IL-17A or IL-17F caused a marked disruption of ZO-1 and occludin staining. The immunostaining shown is representative of three independent experiments. Scale bar  = 15 µm.</p

Effect of IL-17A, IL-17F or IL-22 on TER of cultured ARPE-19 monolayer.

<p>Monolayers were cultured for 21 days, where after the various stimuli were added. Incubation of ARPE-19 monolayers with 50 ng/ml IL-17A or IL-17F induced a gradual decrease of TER, and a significant effect occurred 5 days (p = 0.019, p = 0.045) after stimulation. The continuous decreases were also observed 6 days (p = 0.01, p = 0.016) and 7 days (p = 0.023, p = 0.008) after stimulation. IL-22 had no effect on TER. Data were shown as the means±SEM of four independent experiments. *<i>p</i><0.05 versus the control group.</p

Influence of cold sintering process on the structure and properties of garnet-type solid electrolytes

Influence of cold sintering process on the structure and properties of garnet-type solid electrolyte

Age and gender distribution in VKH patients and controls.

<p>Age and gender distribution in VKH patients and controls.</p

Primers of CCR6 SNPs and FGFR10P restriction enzymes used for PELP analysis.

<p>Primers of CCR6 SNPs and FGFR10P restriction enzymes used for PELP analysis.</p

Clinical characteristic of VKH patients.

<p>Clinical characteristic of VKH patients.</p

Areal Density Control of Liquid-Supported Carbon Nanotube Thin Films

Carbon nanotube (CNT) films have extensive applications due to their excellent electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. A grand challenge is controlling areal density of CNT films to accommodate various applications. Here, a method based on the Marangoni effect is used to fabricate liquid-supported CNT films with tunable areal density, scalable area, and transferability to arbitrary substrates. By adjusting the viscosity and surface tension of the base liquid media, the Marangoni flow area of surfactant-assisted single-walled CNT (SWCNT) dispersion on the surface of base media was controllable and sparse or dense SWCNT films can be easily obtained. The thickness of the films is controlled by changing the concentration of the SWCNT dispersion. These SWCNT-based transparent-conductive films have widely controllable transmittance and conductivity and exhibit great photoelectric properties (T ∼ 82.4%, Rs ∼ 407 Ω/sq)