Additional file 1: of Prospective association of the Mediterranean diet with cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality and its population impact in a non-Mediterranean population: the EPIC-Norfolk study

Text S1. Scoring method of the four Mediterranean diet scores. Table S1. Mediterranean dietary pattern scores, components and corresponding food frequency questionnaire items used in EPIC-Norfolk. Table S2. Pyramid based Mediterranean diet score (PyrMDS) scoring criteria. Table S3. Characteristics of dietary consumption of components of the Mediterranean diet at baseline and follow-up among 23,902 adults in EPIC-Norfolk. Table S4. Prospective association between fifths of the degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and incident cardiovascular diseases in EPIC-Norfolk (n = 23,902, 7606 cases/269,935 person-years). Table S5. Associations of adherence to the Mediterranean diet with incident CVD when two measures of the adherence were evaluated simultaneously for comparison: EPIC-Norfolk Study. Table S6. Cardiovascular disease incidence or mortality and all-cause mortality, the number of cases and proportion preventable by increasing adherence to the Mediterranean diet to the top third of the Mediterranean dietary score based on the dietary pyramid: the EPIC-Norfolk cohort. Table S7. Prospective association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and incident cardiovascular diseases in EPIC-Norfolk: sensitivity analysis to examine robustness of the findings across different analytical approaches. Figure S1. Prospective association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and incidence of cardiovascular diseases in EPIC-Norfolk: sensitivity analysis to examine influence of each component of the Mediterranean diet. (DOCX 215 kb

Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary estimates by dietary factor in the 2011–2012 BIHS.

Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary estimates by dietary factor in the 2011–2012 BIHS.</p

Characteristics of the 2011–2012 Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (BIHS)¹.

Characteristics of the 2011–2012 Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (BIHS)1.</p

Relation between individualized household intake estimates as predictors of individual dietary intakes in the 2011–2012 BIHS¹.

Relation between individualized household intake estimates as predictors of individual dietary intakes in the 2011–2012 BIHS1.</p

Supplementary material.

Appendix A. Dietary dataset preparation. Appendix B. Methods for individualizing consumption data from household surveys. Table A. Reliability and relevance assessment of the 2011–2012 BIHS by the International Household Survey Network criteria. Table B. Definitions and units of dietary factors used in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table C. Relation between individualized household intake estimates as predictors of individual dietary intakes in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table D. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor in men in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table E. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor in women in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table F. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor in children 5 years and under in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table G. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor in children 6–10 years old in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table H. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor in adolescents 11–19 years old in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table I. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor in adults 20–44 years old in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table J. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor in adults over 45 years of age in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table K. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor in adults (≥20 years old) of low educational level ( Table L. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor in adults (≥20 years old) of medium and high educational level (≥6 years) in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table M. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor in Muslims1 in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table N. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor among other religions1 in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table O. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor among individuals in the first quintile of household income in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table P. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor among individuals in the second quintile of household income in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table Q. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor among individuals in the third quintile of household income in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table R. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor among individuals in the fourth quintile of household income in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table S. Comparison of individualized household consumption and individual dietary intake estimates by dietary factor among individuals in the fifth quintile of household income in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table T. Relation between individualized household intake estimates as predictors of individual dietary by sex in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table U. Relation between individualized household intake estimates as predictors of individual dietary intakes by age in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table V. Relation between individualized household intake estimates as predictors of individual dietary intakes by education in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table W. Relation between individualized household intake estimates as predictors of individual dietary intakes by religion in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Table X. Relation between individualized household intake estimates as predictors of individual dietary intakes by household income in the 2011–2012 BIHS. Figure A. Distribution of individualized household estimates and 24-hour recall intakes for selected dietary factors in the overall population in the 2011–2012 BIHS. (DOCX)</p

National mean individualized household estimates compared with 24-hour recall intakes as the reference measure of individual-level consumption, overall and by sex and age for selected dietary factors in the 2011–2012 BIHS.

Mean individualized dietary consumption estimated from household survey data by the Adult Male Equivalent (AME) and per capita (PC) approach (Appendix B in S1 File) and individual-level 24-hr dietary recall (24hR) intakes are presented for the overall population (all), by sex (men, women), and by age (0-5y, 6-10y, 11-19y, 20-44y, 45+y). Intakes are presented in g/d for foods, and in mg/d (except for vitamin A, μg/d) for nutrients.</p

Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Organometallic Cobaltadithiaazulenes

Reaction of tropolone or hinokitiol with phosphorus pentasulfide (P₂S₅) directly gives the sulfurized precursor [PS₂(SST)]₂ or [PS₂(SSH)]₂ (SST = dithiotropolonato or SSH = dithiohinokitiolato). The resulting [PS₂(SST)]₂ or [PS₂(SSH)]₂ is further reacted with [CpCoI₂(CO)] (Cp = η⁵-cyclopentadienyl) to form the organometallic [CpCo­(I)­(SST)] (<b>1</b>) or [CpCo­(I)­(SSH)] (<b>2</b>), respectively. <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> have a cobaltadithiaazulene ring containing one cobalt and two sulfur atoms in the five-membered ring of azulene. Although X-ray structure analysis of <b>1</b> reveals the iodide-coordinated structure, <b>1</b> becomes the iodide-free complex [CpCo­(SST)]⁺ (<b>4</b>^<b>+</b>) in solution. Electrochemical studies of <b>4</b>^<b>+</b> by CV and spectroelectrochemical measurements (ESR, UV–vis–NIR) in solution are carried out. <b>4</b>^<b>+</b> is stepwise reduced by 2e^– to form the stable neutral radical (<b>4</b>^<b>•</b>) and unstable anion (<b>4</b>^<b>–</b>). It is proposed that the anion <b>4</b>^<b>–</b> undergoes dimerization to afford the dimer (<b>6</b>^<b>2–</b>) by anion radical coupling at the 5 or 7 position in the seven-membered ring of the cobaltadithiaazulene, since the similar anion radical coupling of a reduced azulene has been reported. Electrochemical reoxidation of <b>6</b>^<b>2–</b> slowly undergoes monomerization, giving the original monomer <b>4</b>^<b>•</b>. DFT calculation of <b>4</b>^<b>+</b> explains that there is a delocalized lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) in the whole molecule, and that of radical <b>4</b>^<b>•</b> has a delocalized singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO). In these CpCo–SST (or SSH) complexes, there could be metal/ligand electron transfer since the SST (or SSH) ligand is potentially redox active. The spin density distribution of <b>4</b>^<b>–</b> obtained by the DFT method supports the mechanism of the anion radical coupling at the 5 or 7 position in the seven-membered ring

Additional file 1: of The association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and hepatic steatosis: cross-sectional analysis of two independent studies, the UK Fenland Study and the Swiss CoLaus Study

Figure S1. Flow chart for the Fenland and CoLaus sample selection. Table S1. Mediterranean diet score specified by three definitions and their components. Table S2. Characteristics of participants included and excluded from the analysis, Fenland and CoLaus studies. Table S3. Association between adherence to the literature-based and tertile-based Mediterranean diet and prevalence of hepatic steatosis, Fenland and CoLaus studies. Table S4. Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and prevalence of hepatic steatosis within alcohol consumption strata, Fenland and CoLaus studies. Table S5. Sensitivity analyses for the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and prevalence of hepatic steatosis, Fenland and CoLaus studies. Table S6. Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and prevalence of hepatic steatosis, Fenland Study. Table S7. Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and ALT and GGT, Fenland and CoLaus studies. Table S8. Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and prevalence of hepatic steatosis within BMI strata, Fenland and CoLaus studies. (DOCX 124 kb

Effects on fasting insulin of isocaloric replacements between carbohydrate (CHO), saturated fat (SFA), monounsaturated fat (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) in randomised controlled feeding trials.

<p>Values represent pooled mean effects (95% CI) of specified macronutrient replacements, with other macronutrients held constant. No significant sources of heterogeneity were detected. †Estimates not shown due to wide, 95% CIs; see <a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002087#pmed.1002087.s005" target="_blank">S3 Table</a> for numeric information. 1 μIU/mL = 6 pmol/L.</p

Effects on fasting glucose of isocaloric replacements between carbohydrate (CHO), saturated fat (SFA), monounsaturated fat (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) in randomised controlled feeding trials.

<p>Values represent pooled mean effects (95% CI) of specified macronutrient replacements, with other macronutrients held constant. *Significant heterogeneity across strata after correction for false-discovery rate (exploration of multiple characteristics for heterogeneity). †Estimates not shown due to wide 95% CIs; see <a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002087#pmed.1002087.s005" target="_blank">S3 Table</a> for numeric information. 1 mg/dL = 0.0555 mmol/L.</p