Case report: Usefulness of a picosecond Alexandrite laser therapy on atypical henna-induced Riehl's melanosis inferred from immunohistochemical analyses

Riehl's melanosis is a pigmented dermatitis that manifests as brown-gray facial pigmentation with pigment incontinence and infiltration of cells in the upper dermis. The associated inflammation is induced by a variety of products such as drugs and cosmetics. Henna, commonly referred to as a hypoallergenic cosmetic, has been reported to cause Riehl's melanosis in some cases. Although skin depigmenting agents have been occasionally used, satisfactory results have not been obtained and no established therapeutic strategies exist to treat Riehl's melanosis. Meanwhile, picosecond lasers effectively treat other hyperpigmentation disorders. In this study, we report safe and effective treatment of henna induced-atypical Riehl's melanosis using a 755-nm picosecond Alexandrite laser. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed a potential role of CD8-positive lymphocytes in henna-induced inflammation and hyperpigmentation of the basal layer, and a role of melanophages in the pigmented dermis of Riehl's melanosis

薬剤性過敏症症候群(DIHS)の皮疹部においてCD3陽性T細胞数に対するFoxP3陽性制御性T細胞数の割合は増加している

博士（医学）・甲第604号・平成25年11月27日© 2014 British Association of Dermatologists / The definitive version is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com

A Design of Microstrip-Disk-Type Directional Couplers

This paper describes a design of microstrip rectangular disk quadrature directional couplers on the basis of a modified eigenfunction expansion method with consideration of frequency dependences of an effective width and an effective relative permittivity of a microstrip disk circuit. Using this approximate method, we can optimize the disk configuration of directional couplers in a reasonable computational time. The validity of the design method is examined by comparison with the numerical results by the FDTD metho

QOLの視点からみた新入生の入学動機と意識変化の検討

In this paper we compare the motivations, views on life and pre-course knowledge of occupational therapy among entering students from the year 1999 and 2008. In 1999 a total of 49 students were enrolled and in 2008 a total of 42 students were enrolled. Informed awareness of the subject area increased significantly between 1999 and 2008 (p<0.01), which followed a similar trend of the nation. Students who entered in 2008 had increased information about occupational therapy from their high school teachers. We also found the later period student sought advice from enrolled students and that location was a greater factor in their enrollment decision. For students entering in 2008 there was a shift in their focal concerns. We used the Basic Quality of Life Scale (BAQL) to quantify differences between the groups and found differences in levels of desire, confidence, lifestyle and social networks between the groups

アルツハイマー型および血管性軽度認知障害(MCI)の神経心理学的徴候 : 日本版COGNISTATによる認知障害プロフィールの検討

Objective: The goal of this research is to investigate the neuropsychological characteristics of probable Alzheimer type mild impairment (MCI) and vascular MCI (VaMCI). Participants: Post acute stroke patients (n=22) were recruited from the post stroke rehabilitation unit; and community dwelling elderly people without cardiovascular disease, stroke and dementia (n=11) were also recruited. Methods: Cognitive performance was assessed using the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination (COGNISTAT). Participants were classified into five groups by their COGNISTAT scores and MCI criteria: elderly people with normal cognitive functions (controls) (n=7), MCI (n=4), VaMCI (n=18), vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) (n=4) and post stroke with non cognitive impairment (NCI) (n=2). Results: Deficits of construction and judgment were seen in MCI and VaMCI compared to controls. However, MCI were significantly more impaired on tests of repetition and Memory compared to the controls and VaMCI. Construction and judgment scores correctly classified participants (96.9%) into two groups (controls and MCI groups), and repetition and memory score correctly discriminated between MCI and VaMCI (100.0%) by the discriminant analysis. Conclusions: The results suggested that impairments of construction and judgment were characteristics of both MCI and VaMCI, though deficits of repetition and memory were specific features of MCI

学生の考える高齢者QOLに関する一考察 : 高齢者QOLと比較して

This study aimed to investigate the quality of life (QOL) of elderly people as judged by university students. A comparison was made between the QOL of the elderly as judged by university students with the actual QOL of the elderly. Subjects were 136 elderly with a mean age of 73.1±5.5 years, and 35 students with a mean age 21.7±1.12 years. A basic QOL scale was applied for the measurement of QOL. It was found that the elderly QOL judged by the students was generally a low value. Moreover, subjective well-being was viewed differently by the two groups. It was found that the elderly QOL judged by students was influenced by the students own QOL. It was concluded that the QOL of elderly peoples as judged by university students related to the actual QOL of the students

Osteoblast/osteocyte-derived interleukin-11 regulates osteogenesis and systemic adipogenesis

Exercise results in mechanical loading of the bone and stimulates energy expenditure in the adipose tissue. It is therefore likely that the bone secretes factors to communicate with adipose tissue in response to mechanical loading. Interleukin (IL)−11 is known to be expressed in the bone, it is upregulated by mechanical loading, enhances osteogenesis and suppresses adipogenesis. Here, we show that systemic IL-11 deletion (IL-11−/−) results in reduced bone mass, suppressed bone formation response to mechanical loading, enhanced expression of Wnt inhibitors, and suppressed Wnt signaling. At the same time, the enhancement of bone resorption by mechanical unloading was unaffected. Unexpectedly, IL-11−/− mice have increased systemic adiposity and glucose intolerance. Osteoblast/osteocyte-specific IL-11 deletion in osteocalcin-Cre;IL-11fl/fl mice have reduced serum IL-11 levels, blunted bone formation under mechanical loading, and increased systemic adiposity similar to IL-11−/− mice. Adipocyte-specific IL-11 deletion in adiponectin-Cre;IL-11fl/fl did not exhibit any abnormalities. We demonstrate that osteoblast/osteocyte-derived IL-11 controls both osteogenesis and systemic adiposity in response to mechanical loading, an important insight for our understanding of osteoporosis and metabolic syndromes

Solar urticaria: clinical characteristics, treatment effectiveness, long-term prognosis, and QOL status in 29 patients

IntroductionSolar urticaria (SU), a relatively rare skin inflammatory and photosensitivity disease, is often resistant to standard urticaria treatment. Quality of life (QOL) among SU patients has not been extensively explored. This study was performed to clarify the clinical features and effectiveness of therapies (e.g., hardening therapy) for SU and to determine QOL among SU patients.MethodsThe authors examined the characteristics, treatments, and QOL statuses of 29 Japanese SU patients using medical records and a questionnaire approach.ResultsAmong 29 patients, H1 antihistamine therapy (H1) was effective in 22 (75.8%) patients. H2 antihistamine therapy (H2) was effective in three of seven (42.9%) patients. Ultraviolet radiation A (UVA) hardening therapy was effective in eight of nine (88.9%) patients. Visible light (VL) hardening therapy was ineffective in three of three patients. In one patient who underwent both UVA and VL hardening therapy, only UVA hardening therapy was effective. In the questionnaire, 18 patients (90%) reported some improvement compared with disease onset (four had complete remission, six had completed treatment although mild symptoms persisted, and eight were receiving treatment with moderate symptoms), whereas two patients reported exacerbation. Patients in complete remission had a mean disease duration of 4 years, whereas patients not in remission had a mean disease duration of 8.8 years. The mean Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score for the current status was 7.4. There was a correlation between DLQI and symptom/treatment status. However, neither DLQI and action spectra nor DLQI and treatments exhibited significant differences.DiscussionThe questionnaire revealed current QOL status and long-term prognosis in SU patients. Compared with disease onset, most patients showed improvement when assessed for this study. Both H1 and H2 should be attempted for all SU patients. UVA hardening therapy may be an option for SU patients with an action spectrum that includes UVA

Identification of dihalogenated proteins in rat intestinal mucosa injured by indomethacin

Previous studies have shown that activated neutrophils and their myeloperoxidase (MPO)-derived products play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-related small intestinal injury. The aim of the present study is to identify dihalogenated proteins in the small intestine on indomethacin administration. Intestinal damage was induced by subcutaneous administration of indomethacin (10 mg/kg) in male Wistar rats, and the severity of the injury was evaluated by measuring the area of visible ulcerative lesions. Tissue-associated MPO activity was measured in the intestinal mucosa as an index of neutrophil infiltration. The dihalogenated proteins were separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) using novel monoclonal antibodies against dibromotyrosine (DiBrY), and they were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) peptide mass fingerprinting and a Mascot database search. Single administration of indomethacin elicited increased ulcerative area and MPO activity in the small intestine. 2D-PAGE showed an increased level of DiBrY-modified proteins in the indomethacin-induced injured intestinal mucosa and 6 modified proteins were found. Enolase-1 and albumin were found to be DiBrY modified. These proteins may be responsible for the development of neutrophil-associated intestinal injury induced by indomethacin