Additional file 1 of Decoding pain through facial expressions: a study of patients with migraine

Supplementary Material 1

Resting state networks from EEG data.

<p>(a) Distributions of averaged cortical activation during an eyes-closed resting-state condition in 21 AD and 21 MCI patients, respectively. (b) 5 activated maps on the sagittal, coronal and axial MR images are shown. The sources values were smoothed after being re-interpolated (the size of the smoothing kernel = 5). The current strength of cortical sources is color coded; large values are represented in red, and small values are in blue.</p

The estimated normalized and averaged power spectrum of 12 ROIs at 1–40 Hz across AD and MCI, respectively.

<p>The bar plots represent the normalized power values in each frequency band in AD and MCI. δ, delta; θ, theta; α1, alpha1; α2, alpha2; β1, beta1; β2, beta2; γ, gamma. *, p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.001.</p

Movement-related beta desynchronization.

<p>The relative changes of movement-related beta power in controls (hollow circle) and patients with writer's cramp (solid circle) during the time interval from −3.5 to 2 s relative to movement onset. The horizontal line represents the reference period (3.5 to 2.5 s before the EMG onset). Each scatter and error bar illustrates the mean (±SEM).</p

Significant differences of functional connectivity within the DMN with respect to different frequency bands between AD and MCI.

<p>The solid line indicates larger IC values between brain regions in MCI, and the dotted line exhibits larger ones in AD. Scatter plots with linear regression represent the correlation between MMSE scores and IC values. *, p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***.</p

Movement-related and electrical-induced beta synchronization.

<p><b>A</b>. The relative changes of movement-related beta power for controls (hollow circle) and patients with writer's cramp (solid circle) during the time interval from −3.5 to 2 s relative to movement offset. The horizontal line represents the reference period (3.5 to 2.5 s before the EMG offset). <b>B</b>. The relative changes of electrical-induced beta power for controls (hollow circle) and patients with writer's cramp (solid circle) during the time interval from −0.5 to 1.5 s relative to movement onset. The horizontal line represents the reference period (0.5 to 0.1 s before the electrical stimulation). Time zero indicates electrical trigger onset. Each scatter and error bar illustrates the mean (±SEM). The asterisk (*) denotes a <i>p</i> value of <0.05.</p

Correlation between MMSE and normalized spectral power in the brain regions of DMN.

<p>ROI, region of interest; L, left hemisphere; R, right hemisphere; MFC, media frontal cortex; ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; MT, medial temporal; IP, inferior parietal cortex; PCC, posterior cingulate cortex; PCu, precuneus;</p>*<p>p<0.05;</p>**<p>p<0.01.</p

Box plots of averaged current strength of 12 ROIs in AD and MCI.

<p>Box plots of averaged current strength of 12 ROIs in AD and MCI.</p

Clinical profiles of the ten writer's cramp patients.

<p>Patient 2 received botox injection 3 months before MEG measurement.</p

Demographic information of AD and MCI subjects.

<p>IAF, individual alpha frequency; CDR, clinical dementia rating; MMSE, mini-mental state estimate.</p