8 research outputs found

    Lloret_Garcia_2016_Functional_Ecology

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    N: number of tree ID: identity of each tree PLOT: plot where the individual was sample Lat: Latitude Lon: Longitude BA: total basal area (BA) at ground surface, measured individually for each stem and then totalled dieback: green.canopy: fruits: herbs: % of herbs in the neighbouring vegetation shrubs: % of shrubs in the neighbouring vegetation trees: % of tree species in the neighbouring vegetation eco.pca1: ecological variables were summarised by two Principal Component Axis. These are the scores retained from PCA1. eco.pca2: ecological variables were summarised by two Principal Component Axis. These are the scores retained from PCA2. f: mean individual inbreeding estimated based on Jombart et al. (2008) fij: mean relatedness of each tree with all other trees within its plot. This is the Loiselle's inbreeding estimator according to Loiselle et al. (1995

    Structural, Spectral, and Magnetic Properties of End-to-End Di-μ-thiocyanato-Bridged Polymeric Complexes of Ni(II) and Co(II). X-ray Crystal Structure of Di-μ-thiocyanatobis(imidazole)nickel(II)

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    Thiocyanatonickel(II) and thiocyanatocobalt(II) complexes of the composition Ni(NCS)2(HIm)2 (1) and Co(NCS)2(HIm)2 (2), where HIm = imidazole, were prepared and studied. In particular, the crystal structure of Ni(NCS)2(HIm)2 was determined by X-ray methods. This compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n, with a = 7.720(1) Å, b = 5.557(1) Å, c = 13.774(3) Å, β = 102.54(3)°, and Z = 2. Its structure consists of a one-dimensional polymeric chain in which nickel(II) ions are bridged by two thiocyanate groups bonding in an end-to-end fashion in a trans arrangement. The Ni···Ni distance is 5.557(1) Å. The crystal packing is determined by the intermolecular hydrogen bonds and ring-stacking interactions. From their X-ray powder-diffraction patterns and IR spectra, the complexes 1 and 2 were found to be mutually isomorphous. The coordination compounds were identified and characterized using elemental analysis, magnetic measurements, and infrared and ligand-field spectra. Both complexes are first examples of ferromagnetically coupled one-dimensional polymeric compounds with double end-to-end thiocyanate bridges. The magnetic properties of the title compounds were investigated over the 1.9−290 K temperature range. The compounds exhibit long-range magnetic ordering with Tc equal to 5.0 and 5.5 K for 1 and 2, respectively. Their isothermal magnetization was also studied. The magnetostructural properties of the nickel(II) compound obtained are discussed and compared to those of other double end-to-end thiocyanate-bridged nickel(II) complexes

    Structural, Spectral, and Magnetic Properties of End-to-End Di-μ-thiocyanato-Bridged Polymeric Complexes of Ni(II) and Co(II). X-ray Crystal Structure of Di-μ-thiocyanatobis(imidazole)nickel(II)

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    Thiocyanatonickel(II) and thiocyanatocobalt(II) complexes of the composition Ni(NCS)2(HIm)2 (1) and Co(NCS)2(HIm)2 (2), where HIm = imidazole, were prepared and studied. In particular, the crystal structure of Ni(NCS)2(HIm)2 was determined by X-ray methods. This compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n, with a = 7.720(1) Å, b = 5.557(1) Å, c = 13.774(3) Å, β = 102.54(3)°, and Z = 2. Its structure consists of a one-dimensional polymeric chain in which nickel(II) ions are bridged by two thiocyanate groups bonding in an end-to-end fashion in a trans arrangement. The Ni···Ni distance is 5.557(1) Å. The crystal packing is determined by the intermolecular hydrogen bonds and ring-stacking interactions. From their X-ray powder-diffraction patterns and IR spectra, the complexes 1 and 2 were found to be mutually isomorphous. The coordination compounds were identified and characterized using elemental analysis, magnetic measurements, and infrared and ligand-field spectra. Both complexes are first examples of ferromagnetically coupled one-dimensional polymeric compounds with double end-to-end thiocyanate bridges. The magnetic properties of the title compounds were investigated over the 1.9−290 K temperature range. The compounds exhibit long-range magnetic ordering with Tc equal to 5.0 and 5.5 K for 1 and 2, respectively. Their isothermal magnetization was also studied. The magnetostructural properties of the nickel(II) compound obtained are discussed and compared to those of other double end-to-end thiocyanate-bridged nickel(II) complexes

    NSCdata

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    This database contains seasonal non-structural carbohydrates data (NSC; including total NSC, starch and soluble sugars) for terrestrial land plants (global scope), and it is based on a compilation of data from the literature. We selected only data that fulfilled the following criteria: (1) study duration was at least four months, (2) the same individuals or populations were measured at least three times spanning the length of the study, (3) plants were mature, (4) measurements were taken on leaves, stems, or belowground organs, (5) tissue was not bark, phloem or cortex, (6) values reported were total NSC, starch/fructans or soluble sugars, and (7) species were land plants (i.e., saltwater and freshwater species were not included)

    NSCdata_sources

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    This file lists the sources of all the individual datasets included in our final NSC database (”NSCdata_DRYAD.csv” file)

    Coligand Effects on the Field-Induced Double Slow Magnetic Relaxation in Six-Coordinate Cobalt(II) Single-Ion Magnets (SIMs) with Positive Magnetic Anisotropy

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    Two mononuclear cobalt­(II) compounds of formula [Co­(dmphen)2(OOCPh)]­ClO4·1/2H2O·1/2CH3OH (1) and [Co­(dmbipy)2(OOCPh)]­ClO4 (2) (dmphen = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, dmbipy = 6,6′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine and HOOCPh = benzoic acid) are prepared and magnetostructurally investigated. Each cobalt­(II) ion is six-coordinate with a distorted octahedral CoN4O2 environment. The complex cations are interlinked leading to supramolecular chains (1) and pairs (2) that grow along the crystallographic c-axis with racemic mixtures of (Δ,Λ)-Co units. FIRMS allowed us to directly measure the zero-field splitting between the two lowest Kramers doublets, which led to axial anisotropy values of 58.3 cm–1 ≤ D < 60.7 cm–1 (1) and 63.8 cm–1 ≤ D –1 (2). HFEPR spectra of polycrystalline samples of 1 and 2 at low temperatures confirm the positive sign of D and provide an estimate of the E/D quotient [0.147/0.187 (1) and 0.052 (2)]. Detailed ac and dc magnetic studies reveal that 1 and 2 are new examples of field-induced single-ion magnets (SIMs) with small transversal anisotropy. CASSCF/NEVPT2 calculations support these results. Two Orbach processes or one Orbach plus a direct relaxation mechanism provide similar agreements with the nonlinear experimental Arrhenius plots at Hdc = 500 and 2500 G for 1. Two independent relaxation processes occur in 2, but in contrast to 1, an observed linear dependence of ln­(τ) vs 1/T substantiates Orbach processes against the most widely proposed Raman and direct mechanisms. The analysis of each relaxation process in 2 provided values for Ea and τ0 that are very close to those found for 1, validating the predominant role of the Orbach relaxations in both compounds and, probably, also in other cobalt­(II) SIMs. A mechanism based on a spin-phonon coupling is proposed to account for the SIM behavior in 1 and 2 with any Raman or direct processes being discarded
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