Spectral variations of AeBe Herbig stars in the Mon R1 association

We present the change in the Halpha emission-line profile of the spectra of some AeBe Herbig stars. In the spectrum of VY Mon, Halpha may have one of three profile types: P Cyg, P Cyg III or single line in accordance with the brightness variations of the star. HD259431 now shows a double Halpha profile with the red component stronger than the blue component, while in the earlier observations the blue peak was higher than the red peak. Finally, the last Halpha profile of LkHalpha215 is very similar to that obtained by Finkenzeller et al.Comment: 4pages, 3figure

Near-Infrared Photometric Survey of Herbig Ae/Be Candidate Stars

We report near-infrared photometric measurements of 35 Herbig Ae/Be candidate stars obtained with direct imaging and aperture photometry. Observations were made through the broadband J, H, and K' filters, with each source imaged in at least one of the wavebands. We achieved subarcsecond angular resolution for all observations, providing us with the opportunity to search for close binary candidates and extended structure. The imaging revealed five newly identified binary candidates and one previously resolved T Tauri binary among the target sources with separations of <~2.5". Separate photometry is provided for each of the binary candidate stars. We detect one extended source that has been identified as a protoplanetary nebula. Comparing our magnitudes to past measurements yields significant differences for some sources, possibly indicating photometric variability. H-band finding charts for all of our sources are provided to aid follow-up high-resolution imaging.Comment: 22 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in A

Patients' acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells show heterogeneous growth behavior and drug sensitivity in vivo

Acute leukemias consist of heterogeneous cell populations and the most aggressive subpopulation determines prognosis and outcome in each patient. A better understanding of challenging subclones is intensively desired, regarding both genotype and functional phenotype. New therapies are required which eradicate aggressive subpopulations in order to improve the prognosis and cure rate of patients with cancer. Here, we aimed at characterizing single cell clones in order to find putative therapeutic targets. Primary tumor cells from a girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at first relapse were transplanted into severely immunocompromised mice and lentivirally modified to express the fluorochromes red, green and blue at different amounts and combinations (RGB marking, (Weber et al., 2011)). Single cell clones were generated by limiting dilution transplantation and their uniqueness was verified by LM-PCR. In order to identify challenging subclones, molecularly marked clone mixtures were transplanted into the same recipient mouse to perform competitive in vivo proliferation and drug sensitivity assays and analyzed separately by flow cytometry using their unique expression of molecular markers. In clone mixtures, certain clones were overgrown by others indicating unfavorable slow proliferation. When two clones were mixed and transplanted in groups of mice and animals were treated with glucocorticoids, one clone showed significantly reduced sensitivity against in vivo glucocorticoid treatment which was accompanied by slow growth, identifying this clone as especially aggressive and challenging for treatment. Taken together, the present work established a novel approach to characterize challenging subclones regarding functional features and genetic characteristics which will help to develop efficient novel treatment approaches to eliminate aggressive cell clones in the future.Akute Leukämien bestehen aus heterogenen Zellpopulationen, die sich sowohl in genetischen als auch in funktionellen Eigenschaften unterscheiden können. Letztendlich ist die jeweils aggressivste Subpopulation eines Tumors entscheidend für die Prognose und den Krankheitsverlauf des Patienten. Ein besseres Verständnis von aggressiven Subklonen sowohl bezüglich Genotyp als auch funktionellem Phänotyp ist erforderlich, um neue Angriffspunkte für Chemotherapeutika zu finden und so die Prognose und Heilungsrate von Krebspatienten zu verbessern. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, Einzelzellklone zu charakterisieren, um neue therapeutische Targets zu identifizieren. Dafür wurden primäre Tumorzellen von einem Mädchen mit akuter lymphatischer Leukämie (ALL) im ersten Rezidiv in immunsupprimierte Mäuse transplantiert und mit Lentiviren genetisch so modifiziert, dass sie ein rotes, ein grünes und ein blaues Fluoreszenzprotein in verschiedenen Mengen und Kombinationen exprimierten (RGB marking, (Weber et al., 2011)). Im Anschluss wurden Einzelzellklone der Leukämieprobe hergestellt, indem wenige RGB-gefärbte Xenograftzellen in Mäuse transplantiert wurden und dadurch individuell gefärbt Einzelzellen amplifiziert wurden. Die Identität der Zellen der Einzelzellklone wurde mittels LM-PCR bestätigt. Um aggressive Subklone aufzuspüren, wurden verschiedene Klone gemischt, zusammen in Mäuse transplantiert und in vivo Proliferationsassays und Chemoresistenzassays durchgeführt. Dabei konnten die Klone mittels Durchflusszytometrie anhand ihrer unterschiedlichen molekularen Farbmarkierungen klar voneinander unterschieden werden. Bei gemeinsamer Transplantation von Mischungen von verschiedenen Klonen zusammen in eine Maus wurden einige Klone von anderen überwachsen, was auf ein aggressives, langsames Wachstumsverhalten der überwachsenen Klone schließen lässt. Außerdem wurden zwei Klone gemeinsam in Mäuse transplantiert und diese Mäuse mit Glucocorticoiden behandelt. Dabei wies ein Klon eine erheblich geringere Sensitivität gegenüber in vivo Glucocorticoid-Behandlung in Kombination mit einem langsamen Wachstumsverhalten auf, was diesen Klon als besonders aggressiv und schwer zu behandeln identifizierte. Zusammenfassend wurde in der vorliegenden Arbeit eine neue Methode etabliert, um aggressive Subklone sowohl hinsichtlich funktioneller Besonderheiten als auch bezüglich genetischer Merkmale zu charakterisieren, was helfen wird, neue effiziente Behandlungsmethoden zu entwickeln, um aggressive Subklone in Zukunft besser eliminieren zu können

THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT SHOE MODELS AND THE TRIAL NUMBER ON SPRINTING PERFORMANCE IN SOCCER SHOE TESTING. A PILOT STUDY.

Testing and improving soccer shoe models is important because of the physical demands of the sport. However, sprint-specific activities can also influence sprint performance. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of different soccer shoe models and the trial number on sprinting and agility performance. Twenty-five soccer players completed four straight-line 30m sprints followed by four change-of-direction (COD) sprints and after each sprint the shoe model was quasi-randomized changed. For straight-line sprinting, horizontal force-velocity-profiling parameters and sprint times were computed and, in the COD,-test, sprint time was measured. The results indicate that the trial number affects the ability to generate horizontal force more at higher sprinting velocities than at low sprinting velocities, resulting in nonsystematic variance in the shoe model analysis