Oestrid myiasis in European Mouflon from Spain

From February 1992 to March 1997, 245 European mouflon (Ovis orientalis musimon) from Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas Natural Park (southern Spain) were surveyed for oestrid larvae in order to estimate prevalence and mean intensity of parasitism by Oestrus ovis. Over 46 percent of the animals surveyed were infected, with a mean intensity of 9.6 larvae/host parasitized. No significant differences in prevalence rates between host sexes were observed, but older mouflons were infected with more larvae than younger ones.Peer Reviewe

The current therapeutic scenario for relapsed mantle cell lymphoma

Purpose of reviewPatients with relapsing mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) still represent a demanding challenge for the hematooncologist. The dismal prognosis and the absence of generally accepted therapeutic standards hamper the clinical management of such cases. Moreover, the availability of many targeted approaches, in a field so far missing efficient salvage regimens, challenges current therapeutic algorithms in these patients.Recent findingsMolecular targeted drugs provide unprecedented response rates in relapsed and even chemorefractory MCL. Many phase II studies demonstrated impressive antilymphoma activity of compounds such as bortezomib, lenalidomide and temsirolimus, whereas ongoing phase III trials currently assess the real world' benefit and the impact on survival, both alone and in combination with chemotherapy or monoclonal antibodies. Recently, the Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib, targeting the B-cell receptor cascade, showed impressive response rates and will be soon available in phase III trials.SummaryIn the present review we focus on the major therapeutic discoveries of the last few years to offer a practical algorithm to select the appropriate treatment in patients with relapsed MCL

The current therapeutic scenario for relapsed mantle cell lymphoma

Purpose of reviewPatients with relapsing mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) still represent a demanding challenge for the hematooncologist. The dismal prognosis and the absence of generally accepted therapeutic standards hamper the clinical management of such cases. Moreover, the availability of many targeted approaches, in a field so far missing efficient salvage regimens, challenges current therapeutic algorithms in these patients.Recent findingsMolecular targeted drugs provide unprecedented response rates in relapsed and even chemorefractory MCL. Many phase II studies demonstrated impressive antilymphoma activity of compounds such as bortezomib, lenalidomide and temsirolimus, whereas ongoing phase III trials currently assess the real world' benefit and the impact on survival, both alone and in combination with chemotherapy or monoclonal antibodies. Recently, the Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib, targeting the B-cell receptor cascade, showed impressive response rates and will be soon available in phase III trials.SummaryIn the present review we focus on the major therapeutic discoveries of the last few years to offer a practical algorithm to select the appropriate treatment in patients with relapsed MCL

Current understanding on pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and safety of progestins for treating pain associated to endometriosis

Introduction: Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen and progestogen responsive inflammatory disease associated with pain symptoms and infertility. The medical therapy of endometriosis aims to induce decidualization within the hormonally dependent ectopic endometrium, and it is often administered to ameliorate women\u2019 pain symptoms or to prevent post-surgical disease recurrence. A variety of progestins have been used in monotherapy for the medical management of women with endometriosis. Areas covered: This review aims to offer the reader a complete overview of pharmacokinetic (PK) and clinical efficacy of progestins for the treatment of endometriosis. Expert opinion: Each progestin has a distinct PK parameters and pharmacodynamics affinity not only for progesterone receptor, but also for other steroid receptors, such as estrogen, androgen, and glucocorticoid. Moreover, progestins can also be delivered in different formulations. All these characteristics influence their final biological effect. Randomized, controlled, non-blinded studies support the use of oral progestin-only treatment for pelvic pain associated with endometriosis. Currently, the only two progestins approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of endometriosis are norethindrone acetate (NETA) and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA)