Power and thermal characteristics of up-conversion luminescence in Er3+/Yb3+-doped Nb2O5 nano-powder

Nb2O5 nano-powder doped with Er3+ and Yb3+ ion can emit strong up-conversion emissions under infrared (975 and 1550nm) excitation. The intensities of the up-conversion emissions is very sensitive to temperature. Based on luminescence intensity ration, the thermal sensitivity had been studied. Under 1550nm excitation, the relative sensitivity SR1 is higher at 300-460K range, whose maximal value is 9.13%/K

Additional file 1 of Consumption of milk and dairy products and risk of asthma in children: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

Supplementary Material

Biosynthesis of Undecaprenyl Phosphate-Galactosamine and Undecaprenyl Phosphate-Glucose in <i>Francisella novicida</i>

Lipid A of Francisella tularensis subsp. novicida contains a galactosamine (GalN) residue linked to its 1-phosphate group. As shown in the preceding paper, this GalN unit is transferred to lipid A from the precursor undecaprenyl phosphate-β-D-GalN. A small portion of the free lipid A of Francisella novicida is further modified with a glucose residue at position-6′. We now demonstrate that the two F. novicida homologues of Escherichia coli ArnC, designated FlmF1 and FlmF2, are essential for lipid A modification with glucose and GalN, respectively. Recombinant FlmF1 expressed in E. coli selectively condenses undecaprenyl phosphate and UDP-glucose in vitro to form undecaprenyl phosphate-glucose. Recombinant FlmF2 selectively catalyzes the condensation of undecaprenyl phosphate and UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine to generate undecaprenyl phosphate-N-acetylgalactosamine. On the basis of an analysis of the lipid A composition of flmF1 and flmF2 mutants of F. novicida, we conclude that FlmF1 generates the donor substrate for the modification of F. novicida free lipid A with glucose, whereas FlmF2 generates the immediate precursor of the GalN donor substrate, undecaprenyl phosphate-β-D-GalN. A novel deacetylase, present in membranes of F. novicida, removes the acetyl group from undecaprenyl phosphate-N-acetylgalactosamine to yield undecaprenyl phosphate-β-D-GalN. This deacetylase may have an analogous function to the deformylase that generates undecaprenyl phosphate-4-amino-4-deoxy-α-l-arabinose from undecaprenyl phosphate-4-deoxy-4-formylamino-α-l-arabinose in polymyxin-resistant strains of E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium

Protective efficacy of combined use of parecoxib and dexmedetomidine on postoperative hyperalgesia and early cognitive dysfunction after laparoscopic cholecystectomy for elderly patients

Abstract Purpose: To investigate efficacy of combined use of parecoxib and dexmedetomidine on postoperative pain and early cognitive dysfunction after laparoscopic cholecystectomy for elderly patients. Methods: The present prospective randomized controlled study included a total of 80 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery during January 2016 to November 2017 in our hospital. All patients were randomly divided into 4 groups, the parecoxib group, the dexmedetomidine group, the parecoxib and dexmedetomidine combined group, and the control group. Demographic data and clinical data were collected. Indexes of heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), levels of jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvO2) and jugular venous oxygen pressure (PjvO2) were recorded at different time points before and during the surgery. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score, Ramsay score and Visual Analogue Score (VAS) were measured. Results: Levels of both SjvO2 and PjvO2 were significantly higher in parecoxib group, dexmedetomidine group and the combined group than the control group. Meanwhile, levels of both SjvO2 and PjvO2 in the combined group were the highest. VAS scores were significantly lower in the combined group than all other groups, and total patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) pressing times within 48 h after surgery were the lowest in the combined group. Both Ramsay and MMSE scores were the highest in the combined group compared with other groups, while were the lowest in the control group. Conclusion: The combined use of parecoxib and dexmedetomidine could reduce the postoperative pain and improve the postoperative sedation and cognitive conditions of patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.</div

The complete chloroplast genome of an endangered plant <i>Artemisia borotalensis</i> (Asteraceae) and phylogenetic analysis

Artemisia borotalensis Poljakov is an endemic and endangered herb in China. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the complete chloroplast genome of this species. Sequencing revealed the genome to be 151,179 bp in length, containing a large single copy region (82,862 bp), a small single copy region (18,377 bp), and a pair of inverted repeat regions (24,970 bp each). Our analyses demonstrated that it contained 133 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA genes, eight ribosomal RNA genes, and one pseudogene (ycf1). Furthermore, we found the genome to have an overall GC content of 37.4%. A phylogenetic analysis indicated that A. borotalensis and A. maritima clustered together as sister group to A. annua and A. fukudo clade.</p

Supplementary Tables from Comprehensive insights into the genetic background of Chinese populations using Y chromosome markers

China is located in East Asia. With a high genetic and cultural diversity, human migration in China has always been a hot topic of genetics research. To explore the origins and migration routes of Chinese males, 3333 Chinese individuals (Han, Hui, Mongolia, Yi and Kyrgyz) with 27 Y-STRs and 143 Y-SNPs from published literatures were analysed. Our data showed that there are five dominant haplogroups (O2-M122, O1- F265, C-M130, N-M231, R-M207) in China. Combining analysis of haplogroup frequencies, geographical positions and time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA), we found that haplogroup C-M130, N-M231 and R1-M173 and O1a-M175 probably migrated into China via the northern route. Interestingly, we found that haplogroup C*-M130 in China may originate in South Asia, whereas the major subbranches C2a-L1373 and C2b-F1067 migrated from northern China. The results of BATWING showed that the common ancestry of Y haplogroup in China can be traced back to 17 000 years ago, which was concurrent with global temperature increases after the Last Glacial Maximum

Phylogeography suggest the Yili Valley being the glacial refuge of the genus <i>Ixiolirion</i> (Amaryllidaceae) in China

The Pleistocene climatic oscillations had profound effects on the demographic history and genetic diversification of plants in arid north-west China where some glacial refugia have been recognized. The genus Ixiolirion comprises three species, of which two, I. tataricum and I. songaricum (endemic), occur in China. In some locations they are sympatric. We investigated their population structure and population history in response to past climatic change using a sample of 619 individuals in 34 populations with nITS and ptDNA sequences. A significant genetic divergence between the two species was supported by a high level of pairwise genetic differentiation, very low gene flow, and phylogenetic analysis showing that I. songaricum haplotypes were monophyletic, whereas those of I. tataricum were polyphyletic. We found significant differentiation and phylogeographic structure in both species. The split of the two species was dated to the late Miocene (∼7 Ma), but deep divergence occurred in the mid-late Quaternary. A similar haplotype distribution pattern was found in both species: one to two dominant haplotypes across most populations, with unique haplotypes in a few populations or a geographic group. The genetic diversity, haplotype number, and haplotype diversity decreased from the Yili Valley to the central Tianshan and Barluk Mountains. Additionally, ptDNA analysis showed that I. tataricum diversified in the eastern Tianshan and Barluk Mountains, which might be due to physical barriers to long distance seed dispersal such as desert. In conclusion, our results indicated that the Yili Valley was likely a glacial refuge for Ixiolirion in China, with postglacial dispersal from the Yili Valley eastward to the eastern Tianshan Mountains, and northward to the Barluk Mountains. The climatic changes in the Miocene and Pleistocene and geographic barriers are important factors driving species divergence and differentiation of Ixiolirion and other taxa.</p

Additional file 1 of Comparative analysis of complete Artemisia subgenus Seriphidium (Asteraceae: Anthemideae) chloroplast genomes: insights into structural divergence and phylogenetic relationships

Additional file 1: Table S1. GenBank information for species derived from the NCBI database used in the phylogenetic analysis. Table S2. List of annotated genes in the subg. Seriphidium chloroplast genomes. Table S3. Raw data from the analysis of simple sequence repeats in the subg. Seriphidium. Table S4. Raw data from the analysis of long dispersed repeats in the subg. Seriphidium. Table S5. Raw values for each variant region of the subg. Seriphidium chloroplast genome used for hypervariable regions analysis

Additional file 2 of Comparative analysis of complete Artemisia subgenus Seriphidium (Asteraceae: Anthemideae) chloroplast genomes: insights into structural divergence and phylogenetic relationships

Additional file 2: Figure S1. Intraspecific synteny analyses of 20 subg. Seriphidium chloroplast genomes. The A. ferganensis chloroplast genome appears at the top as the reference sequence. Within each of the Mauve alignments, locally collinear blocks are indicated the same color and are connected by lines. Figure S2. Analysis of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) of the 20 Artemisia subg. Seriphidium chloroplast genomes. a. Numbers of the six SSR types; b. Numbers of SSRs distributed in the various copy regions; c. NumberS of SSRs distributed in various gene regions; d. Numbers of SSR repeat unit types. Figure S3. Sliding-window analysis of nucleotide diversity (Pi) of the aligned Artemisia subg. Seriphidium chloroplast genomes (window length 800 bp; step size 200 bp). Figure S4. Variation in subg. Seriphidium chloroplast genome sequences. Y axis: variation (50–100%). X axis: coordinate in the chloroplast genome. Figure S5. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the maximum likelihood method based on highly variable sequences (ndhC – trnV-UAC) selected from 17 subg. Seriphidium species (16 newly sequenced and one published). Numbers near the nodes is maximum likelihood bootstrap support values. Figure S6. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the maximum likelihood method based on highly variable sequences (ndhF) selected from 17 subg. Seriphidium species (16 newly sequenced and one published). Numbers near the nodes is maximum likelihood bootstrap support values. Figure S7. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the maximum likelihood method based on highly variable sequences (ndhG – ndhI) selected from 17 subg. Seriphidium species (16 newly sequenced and one published). Numbers near the nodes is maximum likelihood bootstrap support values. Figure S8. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the maximum likelihood method based on highly variable sequences (rpl32 – trnL-UAG) selected from 17 subg. Seriphidium species (16 newly sequenced and one published). Numbers near the nodes is maximum likelihood bootstrap support values. Figure S9. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the maximum likelihood method based on highly variable sequences (trnE-UUC – ropB) selected from 17 subg. Seriphidium species (16 newly sequenced and one published). Numbers near the nodes is maximum likelihood bootstrap support values. Figure S10. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the maximum likelihood method based on highly variable sequences (trnK-UUU – rps16) selected from 17 subg. Seriphidium species (16 newly sequenced and one published). Numbers near the nodes is maximum likelihood bootstrap support values. Figure S11. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the maximum likelihood method based on highly variable sequences (trnT-GGU) selected from 17 subg. Seriphidium species (16 newly sequenced and one published). Numbers near the nodes is maximum likelihood bootstrap support values. Figure S12. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the maximum likelihood method based on highly variable sequences (ycf1) selected from 17 subg. Seriphidium species (16 newly sequenced and one published). Numbers near the nodes is maximum likelihood bootstrap support values. Figure S13. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the maximum likelihood method based on tandem sequences from eight highly variable regions selected from 17 subg. Seriphidium species (16 newly sequenced and one published). Numbers near the nodes is maximum likelihood bootstrap support values. Figure S14. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the maximum likelihood method based on the whole chloroplast genomes of 17 subg. Seriphidium species (16 newly sequenced and one published). Numbers near the nodes is maximum likelihood bootstrap support values

Additional file 1 of The evolution of ephemeral flora in Xinjiang, China: insights from plastid phylogenomic analyses of Brassicaceae

Additional file 1: Table S1. Name list of ephemeral species of Brassicaceae from Xinjiang, China. Table S2. Information of the collected samples. Species names, voucher numbers, SRA numbers, and GenBank ID are included. Table S3. The downloaded plastomes and their GenBank accession numbers. Table S4. Repeat analyses results. Number of dispersed repeats, SSRs, and tandem repeats of the 49 newly sequenced plastomes of Brassicaceae are shown. Table S5. The statistics of the relationship between plastome length, GC content, and repeat variables. Table S6. The origination times of the 24 ephemeral species from Brassicaceae. Median and 95% HPD ages from treePL and MCMCtree (run 1) analyses are shown. Table S7. Substitutions per site per year for each species of Brassicaceae. E, ephemeral; No, non-ephemeral