Performance Comparison Between CWDM-PON and DWDM-PON Over FTTH Technology

WDM-PON is being widely considered as a means to implement Fiber-To-The-Home (FTTH) and deliver broadband access to business and home users. This research examines a preliminary simulation of the implementation of WDM-PON technology and compares the network performance between CWDM-PON and DWDM-PON. Moreover different comparison scenarios will be considered in order to determine the suitable and reasonable technology in terms of three major categories: weighted spatial modal field, bit error rate (BER) and eye diagram. The result shows that DWDM-PON technology is superior to CWDM-PON technology in term of power modal coupling BER

Multidiameter optical ring and Hermite–Gaussian vortices for wavelength division multiplexing–mode division multiplexing

Optical vortices are high-capacity data carriers for mode division multiplexing (MDM) in multimode fiber (MMF). This paper reports on the MDM of a combination of helical-phased optical vortices comprising donut modes and Hermite–Gaussian (HG) modes for different radial offsets from the MMF axis. A data rate of 44 Gbps is achieved for wavelength division multiplexing–MDM of two pairs of helical-phased donut mode and HG mode at wavelengths 1550.12 and 1551.72 nm for a MMF length of 1500 m

Review on Network Function Virtualization in Information-Centric Networking

Network function virtualization (NFV / VNF) and information-centric networking (ICN) are two trending technologies that have attracted expert's attention. NFV is a technique in which network functions (NF) are decoupling from commodity hardware to run on to create virtual communication services. The virtualized class nodes can bring several advantages such as reduce Operating Expenses (OPEX) and Capital Expenses (CAPEX). On the other hand, ICN is a technique that breaks the host-centric paradigm and shifts the focus to 'named information' or content-centric. ICN provides highly efficient content retrieval network architecture where popular contents are cached to minimize duplicate transmissions and allow mobile users to access popular contents from caches of network gateways. This paper investigates the implementation of NFV in ICN. Besides, reviewing and discussing the weaknesses and strengths of each architecture in a critical analysis manner of both network architectures. Eventually, highlighted the current issues and future challenges of both architectures. © 2021 IEEE

A Critical Review on Energy-Efficient Medium Access Control for Wireless and Mobile Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) has garnered remarkable attention due to its wide supports for plenty of applications such as, health systems; military based applications, environmental monitoring, and tactical system. In ContentionBased Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols related to the energy consumption. In this paper, a combative review of energy consumption in Contention-Based MAC protocols was provided. Furthermore, a general comparison that stated the strengths and drawbacks with every utilized technique was offered. The main aim of this paper is to assist the researcher to choose the right protocol for developing purpose or further investigation regarding the performance

Mitigation of atmospheric turbulences using mode division multiplexing based on decision feedback equalizer for free space optics

In mode division multiplexing (MDM) free space optical (FSO) communication system, the atmospheric turbulences such as fog, rain, and haze cause adverse effects on system performance. This paper investigates the mitigation of atmospheric turbulences of FSO using MDM and decision feedback equalizer (DFE) with minimum mean square error (MMSE) algorithm. The implementation of the MMSE algorithm is used to optimize both the feedforward and the feedback filter coefficients of DFE. The proposed system comprises three parallel 2.5Gbit/s channels using Hermite-Gaussian modes. A data rate of 7.5Gbit/s over 40 m, 800 m, 1400 m, and 2km under medium fog, rain, haze, and clear weather, respectively, has been achieved. In addition, it is noticed that the link distance is reduced while increasing the attenuation. The simulation results revealed that a DFE improves the performance MDM FSO system while maintaining high throughput and desired low bit error rate

MDM of Hybrid Modes in Multimode Fiber

This paper reports on MDM of a combination ofhelical-phased modes comprising ring modes and HG modes.44Gbps data transmission is achieved by a wavelength divisionmultiplexing (WDM) - MDM system of two center-launchedhelical-phased ring modes and two 3μm radially offset HG modeon wavelengths 1550.12nm and 1551.72nm for a 1500m-longmultimode fiber. The power coupling coefficients, degeneratemode group delays and bit error rates are analyzed for differentHG modes and radial offsets

Channel Impulse Response Equalization based on Genetic Algorithm in Mode Division Multiplexing

This paper proposed to use genetic algorithm (GA) as an adaptive algorithm for mode division multiplexing (MDM) equalization in order to minimize the mean square error as well as to maximize the similarity between the ideal signal and the MDM distorted signal. A significant result has been obtained of implementing GA on MDM equalization compared to other conventional algorithm such as least mean square (LMS) which is used dominantly in current equalizations

32 channel DQPSK DWDM-PON for local area network using dispersion compensation fiber

In the contest to improving optical channel rates in dense wavelength multiplexing (DWDM) service to realize 40Gb/s, different adjustment and coherent detection plans are being investigated. In this paper, we present differential quaternary phase-shift keying (DQPSK) balance for the arrangement of a 32-channel DWDM in a Local Area Network (LAN)

Comparative analysis of classification techniques for network fault management

Network troubleshooting is a significant process. Many studies were conducted about it. The first step in the troubleshooting procedures is represented in collecting information. It's collected in order to identify the problems. Syslog messages which are sent by almost all network devices include a massive amount of data that concern the network problems. Based on several studies, it was found that analyzing syslog data (which) can be a guideline for network problems and their causes. The detection of network problems can become more efficient if the detected problems have been classified based on the network layers. Classifying syslog data requires identifying the syslog messages that describe the network problems for each layer. It also requires taking into account the formats of syslog for vendors' devices. The present study aimed to propose a method for classifying the syslog messages which identify the network problem.This classification is conducted based on the network layers. This method uses data mining instrument to classify the syslog messages. The description part of the syslog message was used for carrying out the classification process.The relevant syslog messages were identified. The features were then selected to train the classifiers. Six classification algorithms were learned; LibSVM, SMO, KNN, Naïve Bayes, J48, and Random Forest. A real data set was obtained from an educational network device. This dataset was used for the prediction stage. It was found that that LibSVM outperforms other classifiers in terms of the probability rate of the classified instances where it was in the range of 89.90%-32.80%. Furthermore, the validation results indicate that the probability rate of the correctly classified instances is >70%. © 2020 Turkiye Klinikleri. All rights reserved

Boosted PTS Method with Mu-Law Companding Techniques for PAPR Reduction in OFDM Systems

This paper proposes an enhanced PAPR reduction technique which combines an enhanced PTS method with Mu-Law companding. The enhanced PTS method improves performances in both the partitioning and phase rotation steps. Enhancement in partitioning is achieved through a judicious incorporation of AP-PTS scheme into the IP-PTS. As for phase rotation, an optimal set of rotation vectors is derived based on the correlation properties of candidate signals. The PAPR reduction of this enhanced PTS method is further improved by annexing Mu-Law companding at the end of the enhanced PTS. This application of Mu-Law characteristic in the time domain of OFDM signal significantly improves the PAPR reduction capability of the approach. Simulation results show that the PAPR performance of the enhanced PTS method with Mu-Law companding technique on various scenarios with different modulation schemes is better than that of the PRP-PTS. This approach can be considered as a very attractive candidate for achieving a significant reduction of PAPR, while maintaining a low computational complexity