BORDIR SEBAGAI REPRESENTASI VISUAL KONSEP MATEMATIKA

Matematika sering dianggap sebagai disiplin ilmu yang abstrak dan sulit dipahami, terutama oleh siswa di tingkat pendidikan dasar. Representasi visual merupakan salah satu pendekatan yang efektif untuk membantu siswa memahami konsep-konsep matematika secara konkret. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana elemen-elemen dalam seni bordir dapat merepresentasikan konsep-konsep matematika secara visual, serta mengeksplorasi potensinya dalam pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Bordir tidak hanya ekspresi kreatif, tetapi juga ekspresi sejati dari konsep matematika. Artikel ini membahas hubungan antara prinsip sulaman dan matematika seperti pola, simetri, geometri, dan fraktal. Dalam bordir, pola berulang dan struktur geometris mencerminkan prinsip-prinsip seri dan transformasi, sementara penggunaan simetri menciptakan keseimbangan visual yang harmonis. Selain itu, konsep fraktal memperkaya desain bordir modern dengan kompleksitas reguler. Proses teknis bordir meliputi keterampilan matematika, seperti menghitung jarak, jumlah jahitan, dan persentase warna. Memahami hubungan ini mengungkapkan bahwa sulaman adalah bentuk seni yang bukan hanya estetika tetapi juga struktur logis dan matematika

Tinjauan Literatur Terkini Tentang Wakaf

This study aims to review the latest literature on waqf and highlight directions for future research. This research is qualitative research, with the data search method used is literature review. The data source for this research is literature about waqf, which was collected through search in the Emerald data base for the last 20 months (January 2022 – August 2023), by entering the keyword title in the search column "Waqf, Awqaf". This research uses content analysis as a data analysis tool. The findings show that over the last 20 months, 40 pieces of literature on waqf were obtained, consisting of 2 book chapters and 38 journal articles. This literature has studied waqf from various perspectives, in which case we summarize it into sub-categories (streams). Stream 1 is about awarenes, behavior, decisions to donate to waqf, and stream 2 is about innovation, strategy, development models for waqf, and stream 3 is about practice, performance, accountability, governance of waqf, and finally stream 4 is about waqf and socio-economics. However, waqf also faces criticism and is therefore advised to maintain its identity.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas literatur terkini tentang wakaf dan menyoroti arah untuk penelitian di masa depan. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif, dengan metode pencarian data yang dipergunakan adalah tinjaun literatur. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah literatur tentang wakaf, yang dikumpul melalui penelusuran dalam data base Emerald selama 20 bulan terakhir (januari 2022 – agustus 2023), dengan memasukan kata kunci judul pada kolom pencarian “Waqf, Awqaf”. Penelitian ini mempergunakan analisis isi sebagai alat analisis data. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa selama 20 bulan terakhir diperoleh sebanyak 40 literatur tentang wakaf yang terdiri 2 buku bab dan 38 artikel jurnal. Literatur-literatur tersebut telah mengkaji wakaf dari berbagai persepktif, dimana dalam hal ini kami merangkumnya kedalam sub-katagori (aliran). Aliran 1 tentang kesadaran, perilaku, keputusan berdonasi wakaf, dan aliran 2 tentang inovasi, strategi, model pengembangan untuk wakaf, dan aliran 3 tentang praktik, kinerja, akuntabilitas, tata kelola wakaf, dan terakhir aliran 4 tentang wakaf dan sosio-ekonomi. Meski demikian, wakaf juga mendapat kritik dan karenanya disarankan untuk menjaga identitasnya

Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Background The effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease who are at risk for disease progression are not well understood. The EMPA-KIDNEY trial was designed to assess the effects of treatment with empagliflozin in a broad range of such patients. Methods We enrolled patients with chronic kidney disease who had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of at least 20 but less than 45 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) of body-surface area, or who had an eGFR of at least 45 but less than 90 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (with albumin measured in milligrams and creatinine measured in grams) of at least 200. Patients were randomly assigned to receive empagliflozin (10 mg once daily) or matching placebo. The primary outcome was a composite of progression of kidney disease (defined as end-stage kidney disease, a sustained decrease in eGFR to < 10 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2), a sustained decrease in eGFR of & GE;40% from baseline, or death from renal causes) or death from cardiovascular causes. Results A total of 6609 patients underwent randomization. During a median of 2.0 years of follow-up, progression of kidney disease or death from cardiovascular causes occurred in 432 of 3304 patients (13.1%) in the empagliflozin group and in 558 of 3305 patients (16.9%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64 to 0.82; P < 0.001). Results were consistent among patients with or without diabetes and across subgroups defined according to eGFR ranges. The rate of hospitalization from any cause was lower in the empagliflozin group than in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.95; P=0.003), but there were no significant between-group differences with respect to the composite outcome of hospitalization for heart failure or death from cardiovascular causes (which occurred in 4.0% in the empagliflozin group and 4.6% in the placebo group) or death from any cause (in 4.5% and 5.1%, respectively). The rates of serious adverse events were similar in the two groups. Conclusions Among a wide range of patients with chronic kidney disease who were at risk for disease progression, empagliflozin therapy led to a lower risk of progression of kidney disease or death from cardiovascular causes than placebo