シベリア亜寒帯林における樹冠と林床の植生指数

Clinical characteristic of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and trauma. (DOC 45 kb

Sensitized Near-Infrared Emission from Ir^III-Ln^III (Ln = Nd, Yb, Er) Bimetallic Complexes with a (N^∧O)(N^∧O) Bridging Ligand

A (N^∧O)­(N^∧O) bridging ligand, 5-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid (bpmc), was used for connecting Ir^III and Ln^III centers to construct the series of d–f bimetallic complexes Ir­(pdt)₂(μ-bpmc)­Ln­(TTA)₃, where pdt = 1,3-dimethyl-5-phenyl-1<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]­triazole, TTA = 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(thiophen-2-yl)-butane-1,3-dionate, and Ln = Nd, Yb, Er, Gd. Crystallographic analyses reveal that there are very short spatial distances between the d–f centers (about 6 Å), and photophysical studies demonstrate the appropriate energy level of the Ir^III chromophore for sensitization of near-infrared (NIR) lanthanide ions, both of which are two important factors for efficient Ir^III → Ln^III energy transfer. The energy transfer rates for Ir^III-Nd^III, Ir^III-Yb^III, and Ir^III-Er^III are calculated to be 3.6 × 10⁹, 2.8 × 10⁸, and 4.0 × 10⁸ s^–1, respectively

Sensitized Near-Infrared Emission from Ir^III-Ln^III (Ln = Nd, Yb, Er) Bimetallic Complexes with a (N^∧O)(N^∧O) Bridging Ligand

A (N^∧O)­(N^∧O) bridging ligand, 5-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid (bpmc), was used for connecting Ir^III and Ln^III centers to construct the series of d–f bimetallic complexes Ir­(pdt)₂(μ-bpmc)­Ln­(TTA)₃, where pdt = 1,3-dimethyl-5-phenyl-1<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]­triazole, TTA = 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(thiophen-2-yl)-butane-1,3-dionate, and Ln = Nd, Yb, Er, Gd. Crystallographic analyses reveal that there are very short spatial distances between the d–f centers (about 6 Å), and photophysical studies demonstrate the appropriate energy level of the Ir^III chromophore for sensitization of near-infrared (NIR) lanthanide ions, both of which are two important factors for efficient Ir^III → Ln^III energy transfer. The energy transfer rates for Ir^III-Nd^III, Ir^III-Yb^III, and Ir^III-Er^III are calculated to be 3.6 × 10⁹, 2.8 × 10⁸, and 4.0 × 10⁸ s^–1, respectively

Schematic overview presenting all expression vectors used in this study.

<p>This overview describes the genetic elements of all expression vectors used in this study. The ORF603 and ORF1629 are essential recombination elements required for the flashBAC system [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0149424#pone.0149424.ref009" target="_blank">9</a>,<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0149424#pone.0149424.ref050" target="_blank">50</a>]. Tn7 R/L and the gentamicin resistance are required for the Bac-to-Bac system (Life Technologies). Terminator sequences are shown in blue boxes, eGFP as model protein in green. The long arrow-like symbols indicate promoter regions. hr5 is a homologous region and functions as an enhancer. The blue short arrow-like symbols represent Flipase Recognition Target (FRT) sites needed for the Recombinase Mediated Cassette Exchange (RMCE) system. The vector backbones are derived from plasmid pIEx/Bac-5 (Novagen) except for the pFlpBtM-I vectors, which are described in Meyer et al. [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0149424#pone.0149424.ref029" target="_blank">29</a>]. The single plasmid “polH (pFastBac)” is originating from pFastBac1 (Life Technologies).</p

Screening for genetic elements allowing transactivation.

<p>Shown is the maximal NFI of eGFP without (dark grey) and with (light grey) viral coinfection for different expression cassettes in Sf21 cells. The eGFP expression was measured in the BioLector. The vector backbone for all expression cassettes was derived from pIEx/Bac-5 except for the polH promoter in pFastBac (as indicated).</p

Histone Deacetylase HDA6 Is Functionally Associated with AS1 in Repression of <em>KNOX</em> Genes in <em>Arabidopsis</em>

<div><p>ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 1 (AS1) is a MYB-type transcription repressor that controls leaf development by regulating <em>KNOX</em> gene expression, but the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that AS1 can interact with the histone deacetylase HDA6 <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. The <em>KNOX</em> genes were up-regulated and hyperacetylated in the <em>hda6</em> mutant, <em>axe1-5</em>, indicating that HDA6 may regulate <em>KNOX</em> expression through histone deacetylation. Compared with the single mutants, the <em>as1-1/axe1-5</em> and <em>as2-1/axe1-5</em> double mutants displayed more severe serrated leaf and short petiole phenotypes. In addition, the frequencies of leaf lobes and leaflet-like structures were also increased in <em>as1-1/axe1-5</em> and <em>as2-1/axe1-5</em> double mutants, suggesting that <em>HDA6</em> acts together with <em>AS1</em> and <em>AS2</em> in regulating leaf development. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that HDA6 and AS1 bound directly to <em>KNAT1</em>, <em>KNAT2</em>, and <em>KNATM</em> chromatin. Taken together, these data indicate that HDA6 is a part of the AS1 repressor complex to regulate the <em>KNOX</em> expression in leaf development.</p> </div

Specific eGFP production using different expression systems in Sf21 insect cells.

<p>Shown is the specific eGFP production obtained in Sf21 cells and measured by photometry. For BEVS and transactivation Sf21 cells were infected with a MOI of 2.</p

Plasmid-based eGFP expression in Sf21 cells driven by different expression cassettes.

<p>Shown is the maximal NFI (<b>N</b>ormalized <b>F</b>luorescence <b>I</b>ntensity) of eGFP during 130 h virus-free cultivation after transfection with Lipofectin in the BioLector upon expression driven by different promoters (A) and in combination with an additional hr5-enhancer element and the late p10 promoter (B).</p