67 research outputs found

    Zwischen Design und Zukunftsforschung

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    Um erfolgreich zu sein, müssen Innovationen gleichzeitig pfadabweichend und anschlussfähig an bestehende soziale Kontexte sein. Dies gilt insbesondere für soziale Innovationen. In Anlehnung an soziologische Debatten werden soziale Innovationen hier als gestaltbare und intendierte neue Praktiken zur besseren Lösung von Problemen verstanden. Ziel dieses Aufsatzes ist es, ein Workshop-Format vorzustellen, welches darauf ausgerichtet ist, Ideen für soziale Innovationen zu generieren. Das Format nimmt diese Anforderungen methodisch auf, indem es Ansätze der Zukunftsforschung mit Ansätzen aus dem Design verbindet. In einem zweitägigen Format werden Teilnehmende dabei unterstützt, pfadabweichende Ideen zu entwickeln und dabei ihre Anwendung bereits zu berücksichtigen. Es zeigt sich, dass die epistemologische Nähe beider Ansätze in der Praxis unterschiedliche Anforderungen an die Auswahl der Teilnehmenden und der Methoden stellt, woraus sich ein weiterer Forschungsbedarf zur Kombination von Zukunftsforschung und Design ergibt.To be successful, innovation needs to be both path-deviating and embedded in social contexts. This is particularly the case for social innovations. Based on sociological debates we understand social innovation as a practice prompted by actors with the intention to better solve problems and satisfy needs. Objective of this paper is to present a workshop format which aims at generating ideas for social innovations. In a two-day workshop the format supports participants to create path-deviating ideas and to consider their potential embeddedness in social contexts. It does so by combining approaches from futures research and design. This test of a workshop format shows that futures research and design require different participants and methods. This leads to further research questions regarding the practical implications of design based futures research

    Defining functional roles for research institutions in helix innovation networks

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    This paper presents an empirically grounded case-based analysis of quadruple helix innovation networks. On the basis of qualitative interviews with representatives of 16 heterogeneous networks, we investigate the functional network roles of 172 actors from the fields of academic research, business, government and society. In this article we focus on universities and research and technology organisations, which face the challenge of having to redefine their functional roles and unique value in the face of increased diversification of knowledge sources within current quadruple helix innovation systems. We delineate both existing and potential future roles for academic actors using a typology of functional roles, and present the challenges research establishments must meet in order to fulfil these roles successfully. Finally, we outline the implications of this analysis for the strategic positioning of research institutions, so as to ensure the future inclusion of their innovative capacity in collaborative innovation networks

    Emergency Response Person Localization and Vital Sign Estimation Using a Semi-Autonomous Robot Mounted SFCW Radar

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    The large number and scale of natural and man-made disasters have led to an urgent demand for technologies that enhance the safety and efficiency of search and rescue teams. Semi-autonomous rescue robots are beneficial, especially when searching inaccessible terrains, or dangerous environments, such as collapsed infrastructures. For search and rescue missions in degraded visual conditions or non-line of sight scenarios, radar-based approaches may contribute to acquire valuable, and otherwise unavailable information. This article presents a complete signal processing chain for radar-based multi-person detection, 2D-MUSIC localization and breathing frequency estimation. The proposed method shows promising results on a challenging emergency response dataset that we collected using a semi-autonomous robot equipped with a commercially available through-wall radar system. The dataset is composed of 62 scenarios of various difficulty levels with up to five persons captured in different postures, angles and ranges including wooden and stone obstacles that block the radar line of sight. Ground truth data for reference locations, respiration, electrocardiogram, and acceleration signals are included. The full emergency response benchmark data set as well as all codes to reproduce our results, are publicly available at https://doi.org/10.21227/4bzd-jm32.Comment: Dataset availabe at https://doi.org/10.21227/4bzd-jm32, code available at https://github.com/schrchr/radar-vitals-estimatio

    Open Transfer: Ergebnisse des BMBF-geförderten Verbundprojektes zu Wissenschaft-Wirtschaft-Kooperationen in den Branchen Mikroelektronik, Optik sowie Mobilität und Verkehr

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    Digitalisierung und neue Innovationszyklen stellen wissensintensive Branchen vor große Herausforderungen. Neue Innovationsstrategien und neue Geschäftsmodelle ersetzen konventionelle Wertschöpfungsmuster. Der daraus resultierende Veränderungsdruck betrifft sowohl die interne Wissensproduktion von Unternehmen als auch ihre Forschungs- und Innovationskooperationen mit externen Forschungseinrichtungen: Die Aufgabenprofile und Anforderungen an die Forschungs- und Entwicklungsabteilungen verändern sich, der Stellenwert externen Wissens nimmt zu und alternative Formen der Kooperation gewinnen an Bedeutung. Das Projekt „Open Transfer“ hat sich in zwei Fallstudien mit der Frage beschäftigt, wie sich die Wertschöpfungsketten und die FuE-Kooperationen zwischen Unternehmen und Forschungseinrichtungen verändern. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse beschreiben etablierte und innovative Kooperationspraktiken und zeigen aktuelle Herausforderungen. Die Analyse verdeutlicht den gegenwärtigen und zunehmenden Stellenwert der engen Zusammenarbeit unterschiedlicher Akteure in Innovationsökosystemen

    Open Transfer: Ergebnisse des BMBF-geförderten Verbundprojektes zu Wissenschaft-Wirtschaft-Kooperationen in den Branchen Mikroelektronik, Optik sowie Mobilität und Verkehr

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    Digitalisierung und neue Innovationszyklen stellen wissensintensive Branchen vor große Herausforderungen. Neue Innovationsstrategien und neue Geschäftsmodelle ersetzen konventionelle Wertschöpfungsmuster. Der daraus resultierende Veränderungsdruck betrifft sowohl die interne Wissensproduktion von Unternehmen als auch ihre Forschungs- und Innovationskooperationen mit externen Forschungseinrichtungen: Die Aufgabenprofile und Anforderungen an die Forschungs- und Entwicklungsabteilungen verändern sich, der Stellenwert externen Wissens nimmt zu und alternative Formen der Kooperation gewinnen an Bedeutung. Das Projekt „Open Transfer“ hat sich in zwei Fallstudien mit der Frage beschäftigt, wie sich die Wertschöpfungsketten und die FuE-Kooperationen zwischen Unternehmen und Forschungseinrichtungen verändern. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse beschreiben etablierte und innovative Kooperationspraktiken und zeigen aktuelle Herausforderungen. Die Analyse verdeutlicht den gegenwärtigen und zunehmenden Stellenwert der engen Zusammenarbeit unterschiedlicher Akteure in Innovationsökosystemen

    Responsible Innovation across societal sectors: a practice perspective on Quadruple Helix collaboration

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    To address societal challenges, research and innovation approaches, involving a wide range of actors, are increasingly promoted by policy communities. This paper explores the practice of Quadruple Helix collaborations for responsible innovation and how these implement the theoretical ambition of including actors from different societal sectors in innovation, including actors from the fields of arts, media and civil society, which is conceptualized as the Fourth Helix in this concept. Referring to cross-sector collaboration literature and based on an empirical investigation, we explore which actors, representing the Fourth Helix, actually engage in innovation collaborations, how this engagement plays out in practice, and the institutional and systemic dynamics involved in output and value creation. We rely on data from three Social Labs in Austria, Germany, and the Netherlands, which constitute qualitative, change-oriented research processes, where we researched and engaged with actors from cases constituting- or aiming for a Quadruple Helix collaboration. This was accompanied by a desktop study including qualitative interviews of 51 further cases. We find that the actual engagement of actors from civil society is fragile and that forces beyond Quadruple Helix cases impact these quite firmly in some cases

    Physical therapy intervention studies on idiopathic scoliosis-review with the focus on inclusion criteria1

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Studies investigating the outcome of conservative scoliosis treatment differ widely with respect to the inclusion criteria used. This study has been performed to investigate the possibility to find useful inclusion criteria for future prospective studies on physiotherapy (PT).</p> <p>Materials and methods</p> <p>A PubMed search for outcome papers on PT was performed in order to detect study designs and inclusion criteria used.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Real outcome papers (start of treatment in immature samples/end results after the end of growth; controlled studies in adults with scoliosis with a follow-up of more than 5 years) have not been found. Some papers investigated mid-term effects of exercises, most were retrospective, few prospective and many included patient samples with questionable treatment indications.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>There is no outcome paper on PT in scoliosis with a patient sample at risk for being progressive in adults or in adolescents followed from premenarchial status until skeletal maturity. However, papers on bracing are more frequently found and bracing can be regarded as evidence-based in the conservative management and rehabilitation of idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents.</p

    Statistical biases due to anonymization evaluated in an open clinical dataset from COVID-19 patients

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    Schroth, Fabian

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