Implication des papillomavirus dans les cancers des voies aéro-digestives supérieures

peer reviewedL'infection à papillomavirus humains ou human papillomavirus (HPV) représente la maladie sexuellement transmissible la plus fréquente au monde. En Belgique et en France, les cancers des voies aérodigestives supérieures (VADS) ont une incidence particulièrement élevée et en augmentation. Chez l'homme, il s'agit du quatrième cancer le plus fréquent après le cancer de la prostate, du poumon et du côlon. Bien qu'un lien causal soit actuellement bien établi entre les HPVs oncogènes et les cancers du col de l'utérus, le rôle de ces virus dans la survenue des cancers des VADS reste discuté. Cet article de synthèse permet de faire une mise à jour de nos connaissances concernant la relation entre les infections à HPV et les cancers des VADS. Selon notre revue de la littérature, 20 à 25 % de ces cancers seraient induits par les HPVs oncogènes et plus spécifiquement le type 16. C'est l'oropharynx et plus précisément la tonsille palatine, qui est le site tumoral le plus fréquemment concerné par l'infection à HPV. Une augmentation évidente de la proportion des cancers tonsillaires a par ailleurs été observée. Les modalités de transmission ainsi que les voies de signalisations, p53 et pRb, impliquées dans les cancers des VADS semblent similaires à celles décrites dans le cancer du col de l'utérus. Plusieurs études ont montré que le sous-groupe de patients infectés par les HPVs oncogènes présentait un pronostic beaucoup plus favorable, notamment lorsque ceux-ci surexpriment la protéine p16. Il semble donc nécessaire de poursuivre les recherches concernant les infections à HPVs et les cancers des VADS, et cela, afin peut-être de valider la vaccination à grande échelle des jeunes garçons

Combined analysis of HPV DNA, p16, p21 and p53 to predict prognosis in patients with stage IV hypopharyngeal carcinoma

We examined p16, p21 and p53 expression in combination with the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA as molecular markers to predict survival in patients with stage IV hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC).Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Adhesion/growth-regulatory Tissue Lectin Galectin-1 in Relation to Angiogenesis/lymphocyte Infiltration and Prognostic Relevance of Stromal Up-regulation in Laryngeal Carcinomas

peer reviewedBackground: Galectin-1 has been found to modulate lymphocyte invasion in inflammation and to be involved in angiogenesis in models, thus prompting examination of its clinical relevance in laryngeal cancer. Patients and Methods: Immunohistochemical processing of tissue sections (n=53) from patients with stage I/II (n=35) and stage IV (n=18) laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) with a specific anti-galectin-1 antibody and monitoring of CD45/CD31 positivity was combined with quantitative morphometric analysis. Results: Lectin presence in the tumor and endothelial cells was positively correlated, while a negative relationship to the number of CD45-positive lymphocytes was demonstrated. No association was seen with the extent of neovascularization. The mean optical density (MOD) of lectin-dependent staining in the tumor stroma was significantly increased compared to normal stroma. Conclusion: Galectin-1 was not associated with angiogenesis in the studied cohort while galectin-1 in endothelial cells may negatively influence lymphocyte invasion and the mean optical density for the stromal galectin-1 signal is up-regulated in tumors

Adhesion/growth-regulatory tissue lectin galectin-1 in relation to angiogenesis/lymphocyte infiltration and prognostic relevance of stromal up-regulation in laryngeal carcinomas

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

High prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus in palatine tonsils from healthy children and adults.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in 80 tumor-free tonsils from healthy children and adults using a sensitive E6/E7 type-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Human papillomavirus DNA strongly correlates with a poorer prognosis in oral cavity carcinoma.

The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in a clinical series of 162 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was studied. Furthermore, we analyzed the correlation between the immunohistochemical expression of p16, p53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and HPV status to predict survival in OSCC patients.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tFLWINSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

High incidence of high-risk HPV in benign and malignant lesions of the larynx.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in patients with laryngeal benign lesions (LBLs) and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs) using a sensitive E6/E7 type-specific PCR. Paraffin-embedded samples from LBL (n=39) and LSCC patients (n=67) were evaluated for the presence of HPV DNA by GP5+/GP6+ consensus PCR and E6/E7 type-specific PCR for HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68. In LSCCs, immunohistochemical staining of p16, p53 and EGFR was also assessed. The E6/E7 type-specific PCR showed that 44 out of 59 LSCC patients (i.e. 75%) had high-risk (hr) HPV types and that 27 out of 35 LBL patients (i.e. 77%) had hrHPV types. HPV-16 viral load was significantly higher in LSCC than in LBL patients (p<10-6). The presence of hrHPV DNA did not correlate with the proportion of disease-free patients. Comparable levels of p16, p53 and EGFR expression were observed in the hrHPV+ tumor group (100% p16+, 56% p53+ and 97% EGFR+) and in the HPV- or low-risk (lr) HPV+ tumor group (92% p16+, 66% p53+ and 100% EGFR+). A very high prevalence of oncogenic HPV-16 was found in a series of benign and malignant laryngeal lesions. LSCC appears to be characterized by an active hrHPV infection. In LSCCs, the hrHPV+ subgroup had a similar prognosis (in terms of risk of recurrence) as the HPV- subgroup.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe