ASSESSMENTS AND CONTROVERSIES ON THE ROLE OF THE INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS – IFIS - WITHIN A GLOBALIZED MARKET

The world economy registered within the last decades a series of transformations which had as a result astounding economic growth, yet also violent crises, a maturing of the international cooperation with positive effects, yet also negative aspects as a cinternational financial institutions, multilateral development institutions, globalization, international capital flows

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN UNEMPOYMENT AND REAL GDP GROWTH.A STUDY CASE ON ROMANIA

A sustainable rate of real GDP growth is one of the best ways to promote the rise of living standards. From a neoclassical point of view the underlying factors that affect economic growth are saving, population growth and technological progress. UnemploymEconomic growth, Natural rate of unemployment, Okuns's law

Using the Multivariate Data Analysis Techniques on the Insurance Market

In the present financial theory, we confront with complex economic phenomena and activities which cannot be studied or analyzed profoundly because of the plurality of existing variables, ratios and information. The economic, financial and social activity carried on under crisis or economic growth conditions registered year by year a development of the products and instruments in use. The complexity of the economic area may be simplified through techniques of multi-dimensional analysis. Such a method is the analysis of the principal components which allows the decreasing of the initial causal space dimension generated by the functional links which are established among the initial explanatory variables. The dimension of this space is determined by the number of explanatory variables identified as causes of the economic phenomenon and the higher their number, the more difficult it is to analyze the initial causal space because the information volume, the complexity of calculations, the risk not to identify the contribution of each variable to the creation of the initial causal space variability and the decrease in the initial variables significance in case they would be inter-correlated grow. The simplification of the initial causal space means the determination of a change which consists in transition from a space with a large number of variables to another one of fewer dimensions, equivalent but on the conditions of keeping maximum information from the initial space and maximizing the variability of the new space (called principal space). Variables from the principal space represent the principal components, they are un-correlated and the vectors which define them have a unitary length.original variables, covariance matrix, eigenvalue, eigenvector, principal components, total variance, generalized variance, factor matrix, factor loadings, factor scores, classification

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Correction: Enciu et al. Is Complete Excision Always Enough? A Quality of Sexual Life Assessment in Patients with Deep Endometriosis. <i>Medicina</i> 2024, <i>60</i>, 1534

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Loan Products Included in the Offer of Commercial Banks

A bank loan is the main form of economical credit. It is for corporate activities – for medium and big companies and for retail activities – for small companies and individuals. The conditions for credit mainly depend on the quality of customers, it means their ability to perform a profitable activity and to be able to pay back the credits. For reasons which are mainly connected to marketing, bank practice has developed a large range of credit names, trying to emphasize some of the parts of the products or to take profit of some competition advantages in relation with customers’ products. We are trying to include the offer of bank loans in a typology which takes into account the law, the bank field rules and the main technical features of the offered products

Guarantees in Banking Operations with Bank Customers

In a crediting relationship, one of the parties involved – namely the creditor – is exposed to certain risks which impose taking measures to guarantee a debt. If, at the due date, the debtor cannot pay his/her debts and meet the assumed liabilities, the creditor can execute the legally constituted guarantees, on a contract basis, thus covering the debt.There are also situations when the state, being directly interested in promoting trade and cooperation with other economies or simply out of the wish to ensure a competitive and safer business environment, gets involved in insurance and guarantee operations. In such situations, the state does not interv

Is Complete Excision Always Enough? A Quality of Sexual Life Assessment in Patients with Deep Endometriosis

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to find the factors associated with the severe impairment of QoSL and the factors associated with a better score in QoSL, as well as the evaluation of pain symptoms and QoSL after the complete and incomplete excision of rectovaginal nodules. Materials and methods: The present prospective study was conducted in a single tertiary center for endometriosis where 116 patients underwent laparoscopic surgery for deep endometriosis during a 3-year period. The goal of the intervention was to excise all endometriotic implants while conserving the rectum. Intraoperative findings were recorded after the intervention, and the patients were classified according to the ENZIAN classification and rASRM scores. QoSL was assessed using the EHP-30 Module C (QoSL Score). Results: When comparing the mean scores before and 2 years after the surgery, a highly significant improvement was found for QoSL and dysmenorrhea (p p p Conclusions: This prospective study proves that the complete laparoscopic excision of all endometriotic implants improved the QoSL and decreased the pain score of dyspareunia. Incomplete rectovaginal nodule excision was correlated with a poorer QoSL and a lower improvement of dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and chronic pelvic pain scores than complete excision

Loan Products Included in the Offer of Commercial Banks

A bank loan is the main form of economical credit. It is for corporate activities - for medium and big companies and for retail activities - for small companies and individuals. The conditions for credit mainly depend on the quality of customers, it means their ability to perform a profitable activity and to be able to pay back the credits. For reasons which are mainly connected to marketing, bank practice has developed a large range of credit names, trying to emphasize some of the parts of the products or to take profit of some competition advantages in relation with customers’ products. We are trying to include the offer of bank loans in a typology which takes into account the law, the bank field rules and the main technical features of the offered products.loan products; short term credit; long and medium term credit; commercial banks; risk.

ASSESSMENTS AND CONTROVERSIES ON THE ROLE OF THE INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS – IFIS - WITHIN A GLOBALIZED MARKET

The world economy registered within the last decades a series of transformations which had as a result astounding economic growth, yet also violent crises, a maturing of the international cooperation with positive effects, yet also negative aspects as a