Additional file 1: of Treatment policy change to dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine contributes to the reduction of adverse maternal and pregnancy outcomes

Pregnant women form

The proportion of women with peripheral parasitaemia at the time of delivery according to the timing of prior antimalarial treatment.

<p>The proportion of women with peripheral parasitaemia at the time of delivery according to the timing of prior antimalarial treatment.</p

Age-Stratified Percentage of Females in Patients Hospitalised with P. falciparum (Squares) and P. vivax Infection (Diamonds)

<p>Error bars represent 95% CI, and dotted line denotes males and females present in equal proportions.</p

Age Stratified Proportions of Hospital Patients with Malaria

<p>Bars represent proportion of all patients attending outpatients (A) or admitted to hospital (B) who were parasitaemic.</p

Baseline characteristic of pregnant women delivering with prior history of last antimalarial exposure.

<p><b>Notes:</b> Compared with prior history of last antimalarial exposure:</p><p>^a p<0.001,</p><p>^b p<0.05; Compared with Oral Quinine:</p><p>^c p≤0.001,</p><p>^d p<0.05; Compared with CQ+/−SP:</p><p>^e p<0.05.</p

Age-Specific Risk of Severe Disease in Patients Admitted with P. falciparum (Bold Line), P. vivax (Hashed Line), and Mixed (Dotted Line) Infections

<p>Lines represent predicted values from a logistic regression model in which age was entered as a linear effect, along with an interactive term for age and species.</p

Predictors for Adverse Outcomes.

<p>Footnote: Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence intervals) are presented. In all multivariate models cofactors were entered into the model after stratifying by year of exposure.</p

The Prevalence of Severe Disease in Patients Hospitalised with Malaria Stratified by Species of Infection and Age Group

<p>Severe disease defined by respiratory distress (RDS), coma, and SMA. For each age group the upper number above each column represents the total number of patients with severe disease (numerator), and the lower number is the total number of patients with the species of infection (denominator). Data on age were unavailable in 50 patients.</p

Pregnancy outcomes in women with acute malaria (2^nd and 3^rd trimesters of pregnancy).

<p><b>Notes:</b></p><p><b>CQ</b> = Chloroquine; <b>SP</b> = Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine; <b>DHP</b> = Dihydroartemisinin piperaquine; <b>Qu</b> = Quinine; <b>Art</b> = Artesunate.</p><p><b>CQ+/−SP</b> = chloroquine with or without Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine;</p><p><b>IV Qu +/− Oral Qu</b> = Intravenous Quinine with our without subsequent oral quinine.</p><p>In women presenting before 37 weeks gestation;</p><p>undocumented pregnancy outcomes in two women (one treated with DHP and the other with IVArt).</p

Kaplan-Meier survival curve showing probability of sputum smear conversion.

<p>A. by baseline sputum smear grade. B. by presence or absence of pulmonary cavities. C. by ethnicity. D. by BMI category.</p