Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 ≥60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Recent results on CP violation at B factories

International audienceWe review recent results of the Beauty Factories BaBar and Belle on CP violation in the quark sector and constraints on the CKM unitarity triangle. We first present the recent measurement, using BaBar and Belle data, of cos(2β) = cos(2ϕ$_{1}$) in B$^{0}$ → D$^{(∗)}$h$^{0}$ with $D \rightarrow {K^{0S}} \pi ^{+} \pi ^{-}$ decays, using a combined time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis. The BaBar Dalitz plot analysis of the $B^{+} \rightarrow {K^{0S}} \pi ^{+} \pi ^{0}$ decay is also presented, and shows an evidence for direct CP violation in B$^{+}$ → K$^{∗}$(892)π$^{0}$. A recently published BaBar measurement of the |V$_{ub}$| CKM matrix element allows to contrain one side of the unitarity triangle. These analyses use the data sets of the BaBar and Belle experiments containing 471 × 10$^{6}$ and 772 × 10$^{6}$ $B\overline {B}$ pairs collected at the Υ(4S) resonance at the asymmetric-energy B factories PEP-II at SLAC and KEKB at KEK, respectively

Study of three-body charmonium decays in BABAR

International audienceThe processes γ γ → K 0 S K ± π ∓ and γ γ → K + K − π 0 are studied using a data sample of 519 fb − 1 recorded with the B A B AR detector operating at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy e + e − collider at center of mass energies at and near the Υ (n = 2, 3, 4) resonances. In both final states we observe η c decays and Dalitz plot analyses are performed using a model- independent partial wave tech- nique. This allows a model-independent measurement of the m ass-dependence of the I = 1 2 K π S-wave amplitude and phase. This measurement is compared to those from previous experiments and the phase shows similar behavior for up to a mass of 1.5 GeV /c 2 but the amplitudes exhibit very marked differences. The presence of a new a 0 (1950) resonance is required by the data with m = 1931 ± 14 ± 22 MeV/c 2 and Γ = 271 ± 22 ± 29 MeV

Feuille de route pour la physique des deux infinis

En avril 2012, durant les journées de prospective des instituts IN2P3 du CNRS et IRFU du CEA, les chercheurs et ingénieurs ont exposé et débattu de leurs recommandations aux directions des instituts afi n d’établir une feuille de route en physique nucléaire, en physique des particules et des astroparticules, en France pour les dix années à venir. Cette réunion consacrait une année de préparation approfondie et de rédaction de documents par différents groupes de travail. Concernant la physique des particules, les débats et les synthèses servent de base à la suite au niveau européen : la stratégie européenne en cours d’élaboration par le Conseil du CERN

Mesure du flux de neutrinos muoniques auprès du détecteur proche hors-axe de l'expérience T2K avec les premières données de l'expérience et calibration de l'échelle d'impulsion absolue du trajectographe du détecteur proche

PARIS7-Bibliothèque centrale (751132105) / SudocSudocFranceF

Change in Expression of 5-HT6 Receptor at Different Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Postmortem Study with the PET Radiopharmaceutical [18F]2FNQ1P

International audienceBackground: The 5-HT 6 receptor is one of the most recently identified serotonin receptors in the central nervous system. Because of its role in memory and cognitive process, this receptor might be implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and associated disorders. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the binding of [ 18 F]2FNQ1P, a new specific radiotracer of 5-HT 6 receptors, and to quantify 5-HT 6 receptor density in caudate nucleus in a population of patients with different AD stages. Methods: Patients were classified according to the "ABC" NIA-AA classification. In vitro binding assays were performed in postmortem brain tissue from the healthy control (HC; n = 8) and severe AD ("High"; n = 8) groups. In vitro quantitative autoradiography was performed in human brain tissue (caudate nucleus) from patients with different stages of AD: HC (n = 15), "Low" (n = 18), "Int" (n = 20), and "High" (n = 15). Results: In vitro binding assays did not show significant differences for the K D and B max parameters between "High" and HC groups. In vitro quantitative autoradiography showed a significant difference between the "High" and HC groups (p = 0.0025). We also showed a progressive diminution in [ 18 F]2FNQ1P specific binding, which parallels 5-HT 6 receptors expression, according to increasing AD stage. Significant differences were observed between the HC group and all AD stages combined ("Low", "Intermediate", and "High") (p = 0.011). Conclusion: This study confirms the interest of investigating the role of 5-HT 6 receptors in AD and related disorders. [ 18 F]2FNQ1P demonstrated specific binding to 5-HT 6 receptors

Preclinical validation of [18F]2FNQ1P as a specific PET radiotracer of 5-HT6 receptors in rat, pig, non-human primate and human brain tissue

International audienc