Wirksamkeit problembasierten Lernens als hochschuldidaktische Methode

Das Forschungsprojekt PBL am Hochschuldidaktischen Zentrum (HDZ) der Technischen Universität (TU) Dortmund untersucht unter dem Titel „Wirksamkeit problembasierten Lernens als hochschuldidaktische Methode“ in der Förderlinie „Hochschulforschung als Beitrag zur Professionalisierung der Hochschullehre“ des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) die Effektivität problembasierten Lernens. Die zentrale Fragestellung des Projekts PBL ist die Überprüfung der Effektivität dieses didaktischen Ansatzes für den Erwerb von und den Umgang mit fachlich relevanten Kompetenzen. Dazu vergleicht es in zwei unabhängigen Stichproben das Testergebnis eines speziell für diese Fragestellung entwickelten Testverfahrens, die sogenannte textbasierte Testung. Eine weitere Fragestellung des Projekts ist die nach dem Einfluss der Einstellung von Lehrenden in problembasierten und nicht-problembasierten Curricula auf den Lernerfolg der Studierenden

VCL enhanced: Die sozialwissenschaftliche Dimension des Gruppenlernens im Virtual Classroom

Im Rahmen des Bologna-Prozesses wird verstärkt auf Gruppenlernen und Virtualisierung gesetzt. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist eine Aussage über die Effektivität von Gruppenlernen im Virtual Classroom (VC) aus sozialwissenschaftlich-theoretischer Perspektive zu treffen

Agile Controllability of Simple Temporal Networks with Uncertainty and Oracles

Simple temporal networks with uncertainty (STNUs) have achieved wide attention and are the basis of many applications requiring the representation of temporal constraints and checking whether they are conflicting. Dynamic controllability is currently the most relaxed notion to check whether a system can be controlled without violating temporal constraints despite uncertainties. However, dynamic controllability assumes that the actual duration of a contingent activity is only known when the end event of this activity takes place. The recently introduced notion of agile controllability considers when this duration is known earlier, leading to a more relaxed notion of temporal feasibility. We extend the definition of STNUs to STNUOs (Simple Temporal Networks with Uncertainty and Oracles) to represent the point in time at which information about a contingent duration is available. We formally define agile controllability as a generalization of dynamic controllability considering the timepoints of information availability. We propose a set of constraint propagation rules for STNUOs leading to an algorithm for checking agile controllability

Kompetenzförderliche Lehreinstellungen beschreiben: Die Dortmunder Befragung für Lehrende DoBeLe

In diesem Artikel wird die Entwicklung eines Befragungsinstruments für Lehrende vorgestellt, mit dessen Hilfe Einstellungsunterschiede zu verschiedenen Bereichen hochschulischer Lehre erhoben werden können. Auf der Basis des Attitudes to Teaching Inventory (TRIGWELL & PROSSER, 2004) sowie theoretischer Überlegungen wurden in einer Pilotstudie mit N=181 Lehrenden Items entwickelt, mit denen sich Lehreinstellungen auf den Skalen Lernprozessorientierung, Inhalts- und Vermittlungsorientierung, Berufsorientierung, Aktivitäts- und Aktivierungsorientierung sowie Feedback- und Interaktionsorientierung abbilden lassen. 23.01.2013 | Antonia Scholkmann (Hamburg), Franziska Eder, Bianca Roters (Dortmund) & Judith Ricken (Bochum

The "Lake of Olympia": geoarchaeological evidence of a lake environment in the vicinity of ancient Olympia (western Peloponnese, Greece)

Our results yield evidence of a large lake environment that existed near the ancient site of Olympia which was so far unknown. The limnic sequence reveals considerable changes in the ecological conditions over time, based on Direct Push sensing, sedimentary and micropalaeontological analyses. Radiocarbon data show that the “Lake of Olympia“ existed from the 8th/7th millennium BC until, at least, the 1st century AD. The existence of the “Lake of Olympia” next to the cult site of Olympia has considerable historical, archaeological and geographical implications (e.g., as waterway or water supplier)

A Previously Unknown Building Structure in Ancient Olympia (Western Peloponnese, Greece) Revealed by Geoarchaeological Investigations and Its Interpretation as a Possible Harbor

The ancient site of Olympia is located on the northern fringe of the Basin of Makrisia at the confluence of the Kladeos and Alpheios rivers (western Peloponnese, Greece) and was used as a venue for the Panhellenic Games from Archaic times until the 4th century AD. Geophysical prospection (frequency domain electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity tomography) was carried out as a basis for detailed geoarchaeological investigations. In doing so, we identified a previously unknown building structure adjacent to the Altis, the inner part of the sanctuary at Olympia. Situated south of the Southwest Thermae, this structure measures at least 100 m (WSW-ENE) by 80 m (NNW-SSE). Its external orientation is in line with the orientation of the Southwest Thermae and the Leonidaion. We retrieved sediment cores from 17 different locations in combination with high-resolution direct push sensing from inside the newly found structure. All cores revealed distinct units of organic-rich limnic sediments dominated by clay and fine silt. Geochemical and micropaleontological analyses of selected sediment samples indicate highly eutrophic conditions, as evidenced by elevated phosphorous concentrations and the dominance of the ostracod species Cyprideis torosa, which is able to live under low-oxygen conditions. Moreover, molecular biomarker analyses show a significant input of lipid fecal markers, implying strong anthropogenic pollution. Further, the limnic sediments include numerous charcoal remains and abundant diagnostic artifacts such as ceramic fragments and building material. Radiocarbon dating documents that these limnic conditions persisted within the building structure from at least the 5th century BC to the 6th century AD. The identified building structure lies in the immediate proximity to the Lake of Olympia, which was recently found to have existed from the mid-Holocene to the Medieval period. Its characteristic filling with fine-grained sediments and multiple indications for a strongly polluted and heavily used standing water environment let us hypothesize that it was possibly used as a harbor installation. A harbor at ancient Olympia could have been used to reach the sanctuary by boat and to transport goods of all kinds

Donor regulatory T cells rapidly adapt to recipient tissues to control murine acute graft-versus-host disease

The adoptive transfer of regulatory T cells is a promising strategy to prevent graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Here, we use a major histocompatibility complex-mismatched mouse model to follow the fate of in vitro expanded donor regulatory T cells upon migration to target organs. Employing comprehensive gene expression and repertoire profiling, we show that they retain their suppressive function and plasticity after transfer. Upon entering non-lymphoid tissues, donor regulatory T cells acquire organ-specific gene expression profiles resembling tissue-resident cells and activate hallmark suppressive and cytotoxic pathways, most evidently in the colon, when co-transplanted with graft-versus-host disease-inducing conventional T cells. Dominant T cell receptor clonotypes overlap between organs and across recipients and their relative abundance correlates with protection efficacy. Thus, this study reveals donor regulatory T cell selection and adaptation mechanisms in target organs and highlights protective features of Treg to guide the development of improved graft-versus-host disease prevention strategies

VCL enhanced: Die sozialwissenschaftliche Dimension des Gruppenlernens im Virtual Classroom

Im Rahmen des Bologna-Prozesses wird verstärkt auf Gruppenlernen und Virtualisierung gesetzt. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist eine Aussage über die Effektivität von Gruppenlernen im Virtual Classroom (VC) aus sozialwissenschaftlich-theoretischer Perspektive zu treffen

Anwendung von Propofol beim Wada-Test

eingereicht von Franziska EderMasterarbeit Universität Linz 202