Randomized comparative study of safety and efficacy of oral and vaginal misoprostol in the termination of second trimester pregnancy at tertiary care institution

Background: A prospective randomized study was conducted in 72 pregnant women, with gestational period between 12 and 20 weeks, to compare the efficacy and safety of oral versus vaginal administration of misoprostol for second trimester pregnancy termination. The study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government Kilpauk Medical College and Hospital (KMCH), Chennai, South India from November 2012 and November 2013.Methods: Women aged 18-38 years requesting MTP for maternal reason, foetal congenital anomalies and intrauterine foetal demise were randomly assigned into two groups.  Group A (n=36) had misoprostol orally while the Group B (n=36) received misoprostol by vaginal route. Dosage regimen was similar in both the groups that was 200µg every 4 hrs until the abortion occurred, maximum up to 6 doses. Efficacy included induction to delivery interval and safety included maternal complications and side-effects like nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, fever and abdominal pain and results were compared.Results: The percentage of women who delivered was significantly higher in the vaginal group than the oral group (94.44% versus 66.67%, P <0.03018) within 24 hours. The induction to delivery interval and incidence of side-effects were noted.Conclusions: Vaginal administration of misoprostol resulted in a higher success rate and misoprostol is safe and effective drug for second trimester pregnancy termination

Emergency peripartum hysterectomy at a tertiary care hospital: analysis of epidemiology, clinical profile, indications and outcome

Background: Peripartum hysterectomy is a life-saving obstetric procedure that is performed at the time of a caesarean section or postpartum following either vaginal delivery or caesarean section. The purpose of the present study was to determine the incidence, risk factors ,indications ,maternal and neonatal morbidity, mortality and complications  of emergency peripartum  hysterectomy performed at a tertiary teaching hospital in South India and to compare the results with other reports in literature.Methods: During the period of study between January 2015-December 2016, there were 50 cases of emergency peripartum hysterectomy at Tirunelveli medical college hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, South India. Medical, pathology and operation theatre records were analyzed retrospectively. Details of maternal age, parity, booking status, underlying risk factors, past obstetric history, gestational age at delivery ,mode of delivery ,indications for emergency peripartum hysterectomy, type of operation, intraoperative and post-operative complications, blood components transfusion ,maternal and neonatal  outcomes were noted and analyzed.Results: During the 2-year study period there were 50 emergency peripartum hysterectomy out of 14,363 deliveries, a rate of 1 per 294 deliveries (3.4/1000 deliveries). 80% of hysterectomies were performed after caesarean delivery and 20%  after vaginal delivery. The two major indications were abnormal placentation (40%) and uterine atony (28%). There were 6 maternal deaths among patients who underwent emergency peripartum hysterectomy during the period of study.Conclusions: Improved antenatal care, correction of anaemia, identification of risk factors for peripartum hysterectomy, timely referral, expedite management, timely decision, availability and liberal use of blood components and appropriate management of post-operative complications by experienced clinical team are the main stay for saving maternal lives. With increasing rate of caesarean section there is rise in the incidence of abnormal placentation

Protection Of Sequence and Communication Technology Equipment Using Smart Grid Application

This paper investigates the merger of energy utility circuits with that of the data and correspondence innovation (ICT) gear under the keen matrix and the security suggestions that this postures, and figures out what is the most extreme voltage that ICT hardware, composed as per IEC 62368-1 can specifically get to control framework circuits. The coming of the keen lattice, the modernization of the power framework utilizing current data and correspondence innovation methods, alongside the expansion of electric vehicle frameworks to the matrix, guarantees to change the business in uncommon manners. In this paper will be utilized as a part of this paper for deciding the level of security of ICT gear must be built to keeping in mind the end goal to be conveyed in higher-voltage application

Goal Directed Approach to Autonomous Motion Planning for Unmanned Vehicles

Advancement in the field of autonomous motion planning has enabled the realisation of fully autonomous unmanned vehicles. Sampling based motion planning algorithms have shown promising prospects in generating fast, effective and practical solutions to different motion planning problems in unmanned vehicles for both civilian and military applications. But the goal bias introduced by heuristic probability shaping to generate faster solution may result in local collisions. A simple, real-time method is proposed for goal direction by preferential selection of a state from a sampled pair of random state, based on the distance to goal. This limits the graph motions resulting in smaller data structure, making the algorithm optimised for time and solution length. This would enable unmanned vehicles to take shorter paths and avoid collisions in obstacle rich environment. The approach is analysed on a sampling based algorithm, rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) which computes motion plans under constrain of time. This paper proposes an algorithm called ’goal directed RRT (GRRT)’ building on the basic RRT algorithm, providing an alternative to probabilistic goal biasing, thereby avoiding local collision. The approach is evaluated by benchmarking it with RRT algorithm for kinematic car, dynamic car and a quadrotor and the results show improvements in length of the motion plans and the time of computing

Phosphate Reactions as Mechanisms of High-Temperature Lubrication

One of the major problems preventing the operation of advanced gas turbine engines at higher temperatures is the inability of currently used liquid lubricants to survive at these higher temperatures under friction and wear conditions. Current state-of-the-art organic liquid lubricants rapidly degrade at temperatures above 300 C; hence some other form of lubrication is necessary. Vapor-phase lubrication is a promising new technology for high-temperature lubrication. This lubrication method employs a liquid phosphate ester that is vaporized and delivered to bearings or gears; the vapor reacts with the metal surfaces, generating a solid lubricious film that has proven very stable at high temperatures. In this study, solid lubricious films were grown on cast-iron foils in order to obtain reaction and diffusion rate data to help characterize the growth mechanism. A phenomenological mathematical model of the film deposition process was derived incorporating transport and kinetic parameters that were coupled to the experimental data. This phenomenological model can now be reliably used as a predictive and scale-up tool for future vapor-phase lubrication studies

Phosphate Reactions as Mechanisms of High-Temperature Lubrication

One of the major problems preventing the operation of advanced gas turbine engines at higher temperatures is the inability of currently used liquid lubricants to survive at these higher temperatures under friction and wear conditions. Current state-of-the-art organic liquid lubricants rapidly degrade at temperatures above 300 °C; hence some other form of lubrication is necessary. Vapor-phase lubrication is a promising new technology for high-temperature lubrication. This lubrication method employs a liquid phosphate ester that is vaporized and delivered to bearings or gears; the vapor reacts with the metal surfaces, generating a solid lubricious film that has proven very stable at high temperatures. In this study, solid lubricious films were grown on cast-iron foils in order to obtain reaction and diffusion rate data to help characterize the growth mechanism. A phenomenological mathematical model of the film deposition process was derived incorporating transport and kinetic parameters that were coupled to the experimental data. This phenomenological model can now be reliably used as a predictive and scale-up tool for future vapor-phase lubrication studies

PREVALENCE OF OBESITY AND OVERWEIGHT AMONG MEDICOS IN BOTH MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS

Objective: The reason of the study was to evaluate the complications of obesity in medical students by assessing the impacts of clinical outcome.Methods: In a prospective cohort study, the prevalence of obesity has been observed in medicos through questionnaire form, on the basis of clinicalhistory involving inactivity, stress, unhealthy diet, familial, appetite, sleep pattern, and metabolic disorder, also the body mass index (BMI) is calculatedfor the respective medical students.Results: The occurrence of obesity as a result of high-calorie diet, inactivity, and all the above-mentioned conditions will enhance the complicationsof obesity. This study revealed that the complications were highly due to unhealthy diet for male and inactivity for female students. Hence, thepredominance of obesity in male medicos was found out to be 2.5% and that of overweight was 4%. The overall prevalence was 6.5%, whereas thepredominance of obesity in female medicos was found out to be 2% and that of overweight was 4.25%. The overall prevalence was 6.25%. Our findingsshowed the equivalent prevalence of obese and overweight in both male and female students.Conclusion: The study confirmed the general impression that there is a significant amount of obesity among the medical students. Accumulatingevidence indicates that obesity is an increased prevalence and lead to various complications as stated in the medical literature. Obesity is a risk factorfor coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke, and chronic illness. It occurs primarily due to the lack of physical exercise and to a lesser extent, dueto a decrease in the basal metabolic rate and altered BMI affecting the body fitness. Therefore, regular physical activity (exercise and yoga) is requiredfor the young medicos which will help to control their stress and BMI, which may prevent the complications of obesity.Keywords: Complications, Medical students, Obesity, Overweight